Obesity has been seriously endangering the human health,and it is one of the most serious chronic diseases in the modem society.Losing excess weight can decrease the incidence of obesity-related diseases and mortality.Currently,surgical treatment is the most successful and durable therapy for obesity.Since 1952,when the first metabolic surgery was reported,there has been a variety of metabolic surgeries appearing,which got confirmation and innovation continually worldwide.The metabolic surgery started in China in 1980s,until now closing to the world level gradually from a relative disadvantage.Metabolic surgery transformed from open surgery to laparoscopic surgery,and then it has been changing from the extensive mode to the precision mode.Surgical treatment for obesity and metabolic diseases has great potential and vast development prospects in China.

The tutor-subsidizing system is the inevitable outcome of the graduate education development.It can also solve various antinomy appearing in the graduate education.But now there still exist some problems such as the course difference which makes it hard to carry out fair performance,distorted relation between teachers and students,the predicament of some edge courses and washing out of tutors and so on.

Objective To explore the effectiveness and feasibility of microwave Hesetor in resection of soft tissue sarcoma of deep thigh. Methods From January 2009 to August 2014, 33 patients underwent tumor resection of soft tissue sarcoma of deep thigh (10-37 cm in diameter).The high frequency electroscalpel was used in 15 cases before December 2012 (electroscalpel group) whereas the microwave Hesetor was used in 18 cases after January 2013 ( microwave group) .The intraoperative blood loss, operation time, transfusion proportion, length of hospital stay and postoperative drainage volume were compared between the two groups. Results The intraoperative blood loss was significantly decreased in the microwave Hesetor group as compared with that in the electroscalpel group [(175.0 ±129.8) ml vs.(356.7 ±238.2) ml, t=-2.645, P=0.015].Three patients in the electroscalpel group were given blood transfusion of 200 ml, 400 ml and 400 ml, respectively, due to a massive intraoperative hemorrhage, while none in the microwave group required blood transfusion.There was no statistical difference between the two groups regarding to the operation time, length of hospital stay and postoperative drainage volume (P>0.05). Conclusion Microwave Hesetor is of great value in the resection of soft tissue sarcoma of thigh for significantly reducing intraoperative bleeding and obviating blood transfusion.

Objective　To study the ultrasonographic diagnostic value on the pregnancy of the cornua uteri. Methods　The retrospective analysis of 20 pregnancies of the cornua uterin. Results　 10 cases of embryo, 7 cases of remnant, 3 cases of non-equal mass . Conclusion　The ultrasonography should be used as a common method on the diagnosis of the ectopic pregnancy, especially of the early ectopic pregnancy, and can give more diagnosis imformation for the clinic.

Objective To investigate the influence on the behavior of withdrawal and relapse after deep brain stimulation of bilateral nucleus accumbens in morphine-dependent rats. Methods The rats with a strong unconditioned preference were discarded in preconditioning test, the selected rats were distributed into five groups randomly. After operation,morphine hydrochloride was injected subcutaneously into SD rats for 12 days (once every day,initial 5 mg/kg,increasing by 5 mg/kg per time,stable in 20 mg/kg ). A modified electrical circuit was used to procedure the DBS,the parameter was 130 Hz,150 A,60 s,l h/d,14 d. CPP test was used to exam the effect of DBS. A minor morphine dose (3 mg/kg) was injected to induce the behavior of relapse, and CPP was tested again after 24 h. Two-way ANOVA was performed on the data with Bonferroni posttest. Result ①After CPP training,CPP score of group morphine, morphine + sham and morphine + DBS was ( 155. 87 ± 20. 45 ) s, (107.33 ± 18.10)s,(135.45 ±22.09)s,and had significant difference with group of control( ( -70.34 ± 15.40) s)(t = 9.45,P＜0.01; t = 6.94,P＜0.01;t = 8.04,P＜0.01).②After 7 days' DBS,the CPP score in group of morphine + DBS reduced significantly compared to group of morphine( t = 4.21, P＜0.01) and morphine + sham( t=1.10, P＜0.05).0n the 14th day,there was more pronounced reduction ( t = 5. 15, P＜0.01; t = 3.92, P＜ 0.01). ③ 24 hours after the minor morphine dose was injected,the CPP score in morphine + DBS didn't increase significantly, and had significant difference with group of morphine ( t = 4.04, P＜0.01) and morphine + sham ( t= 4. 13, P＜0.01). Conclusion DBS bilateral nucleus accumbens in morphine-dependent rats can interfere the behavior of morphine-induced CPP and relapse.

Medical psychology master's degree graduate student course mainly includes basic cour-ses, professional courses and psychological skills training, professional practice skills learning and scientific research quality training. Due to the constraints of discipline development starting late, teachers being rela-tively weak and other objective factors, in curriculum setting, there exist problems of unclear objectives, confusing the primary with secondary, unclear standard, lacking principles, and in particular, there are obvious deficiencies in the training and cultivation of students' ! professional skills . Based on the above objective problems, we made preliminary discussion on the training objectives, the main problems, curricu-lum setting, assessment standards and principles to follow, in order to achieve the purpose of cultivating high-level application-oriented talents through curriculum design and teaching practice.

Objective To investigate the adjuvant therapeutic efficacy of three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) in treating patients who underwent surgical operation for biliary drainage.Methods Clinical data on 88 clinically diagnosed advanced pancreatic head carcinoma patients who received palliative biliary drainage surgery in Tanshan Gongren Hospital from Jan 2006 to Jan 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. The cases were categorized according to the treatment into control group ( n=34 ) , chemotherapy group ( n=23 ) and radiotherapy group ( n=31 ) . The patients in control group received no chemotherapy or radiotherapy after biliary drainage surgery.The patients in chemotherapy group received chemotherapy of 1 000 mg/m2 gemcitabine intravenous infusion on day 1 and day 8, 80 mg/m2 cisplatin intravenous infusion on day 1 for each treatment cycle.Each cycle lasted for 21 days and was repeated for 3 cycles at an interval of 7 days in a treatment course.Patients in radiotherapy group received 3D-CRT for 6 successive days followed by an interval on the 7th day.The treatment course was completed within 10~15 days with the total dosage of 3 000~4 800 cGy.The therapeutic effects and survival time were analyzed.Results The incidence of cancer associated pain was 52.9%, 39.1%and 9.7%in control group, chemotherapy group and radiotherapy group, respectively, which was significantly lower in radiotherapy than that in the other two groups (both P<0.05). The incidence of mild gastrointestinal symptoms was 8.8%, 73.9% and 16.1%, respectively, and that of bone marrow suppression was 0%, 82.6% and 9.7%, respectively, which were both significantly lower in radiotherapy group than in chemotherapy group (both P<0.05).The 1-year, 2-year and 3-year survival rate was 30.1%, 8.3%, 0% in control group, 35.3%, 14.8%, 0% in chemotherapy group and 46.4%, 21.1%, 3.6%in radiotherapy group, which in radiotherapy group was significantly higher than that in control group and chemotherapy group (all P<0.05).Conclusions 3D-CRT was a palliative strategy for advanced pancreatic head cancer, which could prolong the survival of patients.

As an emerging discipline, medical psychology undergraduate education is restricted by many conditions, such as subject orientation, training objectives, curriculum setting, teaching con-tent, teaching material system, teaching mode, professional practice, assessment and graduation and so on. To improve the training quality and level, the paper explores the corresponding education strat-egy from the aspects of subject orientation, training objectives, curriculum and teaching contents. For example in the subject orientation and training objectives the principle of paying equal attention to medical and psychological disciplines is reflected, and at the same time the construction of the curricu-lum, teaching contents and curriculum system is strengthened to highlight the psychology and medical integration and mutual penetration. In the link of teaching, professional practice, graduation appraisal and award process, practical skills training and assessment are focused on, and the relevant national qualification examination is taken as award criteria.

Objective:To optimize and establish the experimental methods for the determination of 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone (BP-1) in mouse brain. Methods:BP-1 was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and separated by Waters Symmetry? C18 (4. 6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) using isocratic elution, and the sample preparation conditions were optimized by orthogonal experiment design. The mobile phase was methanol-water (volume ratio 3∶1) containing 3% (volume fraction) ace-tic acid (pH 3. 40) at a flow rate of 1. 0 mL/min, and ultraviolet (UV) detection wavelength was set at 290 nm. Retention time was used for qualitative analysis and internal standard method for quantitative analysis. Results: Under the optimized experimental conditions, the calibration curve was linear with a correlation coefficient of 0. 999 8 over the concentration range of 0. 2-10. 0 mg/L. The recoveries of BP-1 were between 96. 8% and 104. 5%. The intra-day and inter-day precision of BP-1 were 3. 5% -5. 7% and 4. 5% -6. 4%, respectively. The extraction recoveries of BP-1 at three concentrations (0. 5, 2. 0, 8. 0 mg/L) in the mouse brain were 90. 5%, 89. 5%, and 97. 7%, and the matrix effect of BP-1 at these three concentrations were 102. 9%, 102. 7%, and 90. 9%, respectively. Conclusion:The method is simple, ac-curate, and suitable for determination of the contents of BP-1 in mouse brain.

Objective:To investigate the possible reversal effects of 1 ,3-diphenyl-1 ,3-propanedione (DPPD)for cocaine-induced content changes of neurotransmitters of brain in mice.Methods:In this study,36 healthy ICR male mice were randomly divided into control group,cocaine group,three DPPD pretreatment groups (200,400,and 800 mg/kg)and DPPD alone group (800 mg/kg).The mice in control group were administered intragastrically with 1 % Tween 80 for 3 d,and the mice in cocaine group were administered intragastrically with 1 % Tween 80 for 2 d before cocaine was injected subcutaneously on the 3rd day.The mice in the three DPPD pretreatment groups were administered intragastrically (DPPD 200,400,and 800 mg/kg)for 3 d before cocaine was injected subcutaneously 30 min after the administration on the 3rd day.The mice in DPPD alone group were administered intragastrically with DPPD at dose of 800 mg/kg for 3 d.The mice were sacrificed 20 minutes after cocaine injection.The contents of dopamine (DA)and 5-hydroxytryptamin (5-HT)in the mice brain were determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-fluorescence detector,the contents of glutamic acid (Glu) and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)in the mice brain were determined by HPLC-ultraviolet detector,and the neurotransmitter levels were compared between the groups.Results:The results showed that as com-pared with the control group,DA and GABA contents in cocaine group increased significantly (P <0.01 and P <0.05),while Glu content decreased (P <0.05).As compared with cocaine group,the DA levels in the three DPPD pretreatment groups (200,400,and 800 mg/kg)all decreased significantly (P <0.01 ).In DPPD 200 mg/kg pre-administration group,GABA content decreased (P <0.05),and the contents of the four kinds of neurotransmitters had no statistical differences with those of the control group.Conclusion:DPPD may have potential reversal effects of the content changes of neurotransmitters in mice brain induced by cocaine at a lower dose.