Objective　To study the ultrasonographic diagnostic value on the pregnancy of the cornua uteri. Methods　The retrospective analysis of 20 pregnancies of the cornua uterin. Results　 10 cases of embryo, 7 cases of remnant, 3 cases of non-equal mass . Conclusion　The ultrasonography should be used as a common method on the diagnosis of the ectopic pregnancy, especially of the early ectopic pregnancy, and can give more diagnosis imformation for the clinic.

Medically unexplained physical symptoms in patients are abbreviated to MUPS. At present, they are treated as psychological disorders. Beginning with the definition of MUPS and the influence to medical diagnosis and treatment, this article discusses on the countermeasure, patient management, medical practice and medical ed-ucation on the basis of etiology analysis and systematic assessment.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of stress imposed on adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), therefore to clarify the molecular basis and mechanism of ACC's malignant phenotype under the elevated tumor interstitial fluid pressure.

METHODSACC cells were cultured under pressure (103.74 kPa), and were divided into four groups (3 h group, 6 h group, 12 h group, 24 h group) according the pressure time. Untreated ACC2 was as negative control group, untreated ACCM was as positive control group. The level of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was detected by semiquantitative analysis of immunochemistry. Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and EGFR mRNA expression were assessed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. EGFR, phosphorylation epidermal growth factor receptor (P-EGFR), MMP9, keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) and phosphorylation extracellular signal-regulated kinase (P-ERK) protein expressions were assessed by Western blot.

RESULTSAs the extension of pressure time, the expression of EGFR, P-EGFR, MMP9, KGF, P-ERK in ACC2 gradually increased, which were positive correlation with pressure time, and were higher than that of negative control group.

CONCLUSIONUnder the stimulation of pressure, the mRNA and protein levels of adhesion molecules and metastatic relative molecules in ACC2 were sharply elevated.

Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic ; Extracellular Fluid ; Humans ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; Phenotype ; Salivary Gland Neoplasms

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical value of multi-slice spiral computed tomography portography (MSCTP) in assessing severity of liver cirrhosis and predicting episode risks of hepatic encephalopathy (HE).

METHODSEighty-six patients with liver cirrhosis who were hospitalized in the Department of Gastroenterology at the Affiliated Hospital of Yan'an University were included in the study.All patients underwent 64-slice MSCTP to grade the portal vein anatomy.The West Haven criteria were used for semi-quantitative assessment of each patient's mental state.The Child-Pugh grading system was used to assess the extent of cirrhosis.Comparison of measurement data between multiple groups was made by one-way ANOVA analysis, and comparison of such between two groups was made by the Mann-Whitney U test, Ranked data were compared with the rank-sum test, and count data were compared by the Chi-Square test.Correlation analysis was performed with Spearman's correlation test.

RESULTSComparison of the HE grade III group and the HE grade I group showed significant differences between the two in the diameters of left gastric vein, the splenic vein, the intrahepatic left portal vein and the intrahepatic right portal vein (P less than 0.05).Comparison of the Child-Pugh grade C group and the Child-Pugh grade A group showed significant differences between the two in diameters of the left gastric vein, the splenic vein, the intrahepatic left portal vein and the intrahepatic right portal vein (P less than 0.05).The diameters of the main portal vein were not significantly different between the ChildPugh grades and HE classifications (P more than 0.05).The results of MSCTP did show significant differences between different HE classifications in patients with liver cirrhosis and the rate of formation of portal vein thrombosis and fistulas of the hepatic artery-portal vein (P less than 0.05), .but no significant differences with the esophageal and gastric varices, varicose veins around the esophagus, and periumbilical varicose veins (P more than 0.05).HE classification was significantly correlated with formation of portal vein thrombosis and fistula of the hepatic artery-portal vein (r=0.687, P less than 0.05 and r=0.565, P less than 0.05, respectively).MSCTP grading (grade 1:n=35, grade 2:n=36, grade 3:n=15) was not correlated with the Child-Pugh grade (grade A:n=36, grade B:n=32, grade C:n=18) (Z=-0.135, P more than 0.05).Incidence of HE was significantly different among the different MSCTP grades (grade 1:0%(0), grade 2:33.3% (12/36), grade 3:66.7% (10/15); x2=26.468, P less than 0.05).The MSCTP grade was significantly correlated with the episode risks of HE (r=0.552, P less than 0.05).

CONCLUSIONMSCTP may be valuable for assessing severity of liver cirrhosis and for predicting episode risks of HE; however, future studies with larger sample numbers is required for validation of our findings.

Esophageal and Gastric Varices ; Hepatic Encephalopathy ; etiology ; Hepatic Veins ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Portal Vein ; Portography ; Risk Factors ; Tomography, Spiral Computed

Blepharophimosis ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pedigree ; Phenotype ; Skin Abnormalities ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Urogenital Abnormalities

OBJECTIVETo detect FOXL2 gene mutation in a Chinese pedigree affected with blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus syndrome (BPES) type I, and to explore its genotype-phenotype correlation.

METHODSPeripheral blood samples were obtained from 3 patients and 19 healthy members from the pedigree for the isolation of genomic DNA. All exons and flanking sequences of the FOXL2 gene were amplified by PCR with 7 pairs of overlapping primers and sequenced.

RESULTSDNA sequencing indicated that the BPES phenotype in this pedigree was caused by a hotspot c.843_859dup17 mutation. The same mutation was not found among the healthy members of the pedigree.

CONCLUSIONThe c.843_859dup17 frameshift mutation probably underlies the BPES type I in this Chinese pedigree, which may manifest as either BEPS type I or type II.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and safety of the robot - assisted system YunSRobot for remote manipulation endoscopy. Methods When the master of YunSRobot was installed in the gastroenterology office in Chinese PLA General Hospital, the robot slave and upper gastrointestinal simulation model (Takahashi Lm103,Japan) were installed at the same time in the State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of Automation. Three physicians were trained to operate the master robotics and performed gastroscopy on the simulation model based on network cloud. Each physician performed 3 procedures of oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) by YunSRobot using traditional manual endoscopy, on-site operating mode, and remote manipulation mode, respectively. The operating time, lumenal anatomic exposure,man-machine interaction and other parameters were recorded. Results The number of standard pictures obtained by traditional manual endoscopy group, on-site operating group and remote manipulation group were 39.9±0.3, 39.8±0.4, 39.9±0.3, respectively. The images of all five lesions could be obtained by each operation. The operating time in the duodenum of remote group was longer than that of on-site group, with average time (78.2±16.0)s vs. (68.9±15.8)s (P=0.021) respectively. As to the operating time on other parts or total time, all three groups were comparable. Although there was a mean delay of (572.1±48.5) ms in remote operation group, the operation was still smooth. However, compared with on-site group, the percentage of clear view time in the duodenum was significantly shortened in remote group: [(77.8±8.2)% vs. (83.9 ± 6.4)% , P=0.024]. Statistically significant difference was detected in percentage of clear view time neither in other sites, nor was in the total operating time between two groups. The operating time in each part of remote group was obviously longer than that of manual group as followings, pharyngeal (27.3±4.2) s vs. (9.2±1.3)s (P<0.001), esophageal (29.7±6.4)s vs. (19.3±1.6)s (P=0.004), stomach (56.7±17.0)s vs. (40.3±7.0)s (P=0.003), pylorus (20.2±5.5)s vs. (9.3±1.3)s (P<0.001), duodenum (78.2±16.0)s vs. (29.3±5.6)s (P<0.001). Thus the total operating time was also longer in remote group as (559.0±87.2)s vs. (253.1±16.6)s (P<0.001). The respective time in pharynx, esophagus, stomach, pylorus, duodenum, or the overall time was all longer in remote group than that in manual group. Conclusions The soft endoscopy robot YunSRobot has satisfactory safety and stability. Remote upper gastrointestinal endoscopy can be completed based on common network and an endoscope simulation model with smooth operation. The inspection time by YunSRobot robot per part and the overall time are longer than those of manual operation on site, still, remote operating time meets the standard of upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Objective: To study the effects of estrogen on the degenerative changes of condylar cartilage and subchondral bone in rats. Methods: 18 female SD rats aged 6 weeks were divided into control(C),unilateral anterior cross-bite(UAC) and UAC treated with estrogen(UAC + E) groups(n = 6). UAC metal prosthesis was cemented to the left incisors of maxilla and mandible of the rats in group UAC and UAC + E. Rats in UAC + E group were given pexitoneal injection of 80 μg 17β-estradiol per day. The rats in group C were untreated. Animal were sacrificed at the 4th weeks. The micro-structure of subchondral bone was observed by Micro-CT scanning. HE staining,Safranin O staining,immunohistochemical staining,TUNEL staining and TRAP staining for the observation of pathological changes of histomorphology,extracellular matrix,chondrocyte apoptosis in condylar cartilage,and osteoclasts number in subchondral bone. Results: UAC and UAC + E group showed evident osteoarthritis(OA)-like lesions. Compare with UAC group,there was a significant decrease in the expression of proteoglycan(P ＜ 0. 05),type Ⅱ collagen(P ＜ 0. 01),and a significant increase in the number of apoptotic chondrocytes(P ＜ 0. 01) in UAC + E group. As for subchondral bone,the BV/TV,Tb. Th parameters in C and UAC + E groups were significant higher than in UAC group(P ＜ 0. 01),while the BS /BV,Tb. N,Tb. Sp parameters and the osteoclasts number in C and UAC + E groups were significant fewer than in UAC groups(P ＜ 0. 01). There was no significant difference in bone ultra-parameters and osteoclasts number between C and UAC + E groups(P＞ 0. 05). Conclusion: In the model of rat TMJOA induced by unilateral anterior crossbite prosthesis,supra-physiological level of estrogen can reverse bone loss in subchondral bone,but accelerate the degradation of condylar cartilage.