Using a spectral analysis of heart rate variability (SAHRV) in supine and standing positions were performed in a group of 65 patients with migraine and in a control group of 50 healthy volunteers in order to quantitative evaluate the function of autonomic nervous system(ANS). The result revealed that the integrals of middle frequency bands of amplitude spectra of standing patients were smaller than that of controls (P

Cholangiocarcinoma is a rarely malignant tumor with poor overall prognosis. Radical surgery is the only strategy to improve the long-term survival of patients with cholangio-carcinoma of early-stage. For most patients with advanced cholangiocarcinoma, systematic treatment has become the main strategy. But the available first-line drugs for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma are limited and the curative effect is limited. In recent years, immunotherapy strategies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors have achieved encouraging results in a variety of solid tumors by using the host immune system to carry out effective anti-tumor responses. The authors summarize the research advances of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Studies have indicated that the abnormal expression of TACC3 is closely related to the occurrence and development of many kinds of tumors, and the expression of TACC3 is up-regulated in these tumors. Therefore, in vitro specific inhibition of TACC3 expression may become an important target for the treatment or intervention of tumor growth.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanism by which TACC3 gene expression regulates cell proliferation and apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma.METHODS: CD133+CD44+ oral squamous cell carcinoma cells were sorted from human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line Cal-27 by immunomagnetic beads. In experimental group, the shRNA sequence of TACC3 was designed and synthesized, which was then trasnfected into CD133+CD44+ oral cancer stem cells by LipofectamineTM 2000. Empty vector-trasnfected (negative control) and untransfected cells were used as callsed. Forty-eight hours after the transfection, effects of TACC3 gene silencing on proliferation and apoptosis in vitro in CD133+CD44+ oral squamous cell carcinoma were detected by MTT, clone formation test, and TUNEL assay. Western blot assay was used to detect the effect of TACC3 gene silencing on Ki67, Bax and Bcl-2 protein expression in CD133+CD44+ oral squamous cell carcinoma.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Cell proliferation. The proliferation rate and expression level of Ki67 were significantly lower in the experimental group than the negative control and untransfected groups (P < 0.05). (2) Clone formation. The clone formation ability in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the negative control and untransfected groups (P < 0.05). (3) Cell apoptosis. TACC3 gene silencing caused an obvious decrease in Bcl-2 protein expression and a significant increase in Bax protein expression. These findings further confirmed that specific interference of TACC3 gene expression could inhibit the proliferation of CD133+CD44+ cells and promote the apoptosis.

Objective To analyze the characteristics, surgical timing and treatment of middle super thoracic fractures. Methods 35 cases of middle super thoracic fractures (T1 10) were retrospectively reviewed. Among them, 25 cases were complete injury of the spinal cord and 10 cases were neurologically incomplete injury. The bleeding in operations at different times, the ASIA grades and the sensorimotor scores were analyzed. Results The follow up showed that the ASIA grade increased by 1 to 2 degrees in 10 cases of incomplete spinal cord injury, while in complete spinal cord injury the ASIA grades hardly increased but the sense and motion scores could be improved by about 20. Conclusions Middle super thoracic fractures often involve multi vertebra body, and the spinal cord is injured severely. Decompression, fusion, internal fixation from posterior approach can obtain a satisfactory result. Neurologically incomplete injury should be treated as soon as possible, while complete injury of the spinal cord should be treated around 2 weeks after the injury.

OBJECTIVEThis study aimed to explore further the mechanisms of tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) cell recurrence, metastasis, and diffusion, as well as to establish the experimental basis for the molecular biology research on TSSC. We intend to complete our objective through differential proteomics and preliminary analysis protein expression of exosomes derived from TSCC and normal mucosa cells.

METHODSWe acquired cultured supernatant fluid in vitro in the laboratory by culturing TSCC (tongue cancer Tca8113 cell line) and human normal mucosa cells (HOK cell line). The exosomes were separated and purified through differential centrifugation. Furthermore, the different protein expressions were identified through dielectrophoresis and mass spectrometry. The functions of the different protein expressions were identified through an online database search.

RESULTSTSCC and human normal mucosa cells secrete a large amount of capsule bubble structure substances in vitro, as confirmed by electron microscopy and surface markers heat shock protein-70 and major histocompatibility complex class 1. A total of 16 oral cancer cell-derived exosomes that expressed quantity more than two times, twelve that increased their expression levels, and four that cut their expressions were identified through the differential proteomics research on the two groups.

CONCLUSIONDifferential proteins that were verified through the online database serve an important function in exosome formation and in the progress of cancer.

Ojective To determine the risk factors and the clinical distribution of multiple drug resistant bacteria in stroke- associated pneumonia (SAP) patients with multiple drug-resistant bacterial infections from in-tensive care unit, providing guidance for clinical treatment of SAP. Methods A retrospective study was de-signed to analyze the clinical data of the SAP patients from January 2012 to December 2015. Univariate analysis and multivariable regression analysis were taken for risk factors of MDR infections , and investigated the distribu-tion and drug resistance of MDR. Results There were 183 SAP patients, of which 131patients (71.6%) had MDR infection. There are 193 MDR strains in the 131 patients , the first 5 MDR strains were Acinetobacter bau-mannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. MDR in-fection is highly associated with sever unconsciousness , time of stay in ICU longer than 7 days , ventilator time longer than 7 days and late-onset pneumonia and the difference was significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion SAP patients with MDR bacterial infections are in association with the following risk factors: sever unconsciousness , time of stay in ICU longer than 7 days, ventilator time longer than 7 days and late-onset pneumonia. The rate of MDR bacterial infections was high , and these MDR strains were widely different degrees of resistance to many antibiotics.

Objective To observe the effects of Ulinastatin on pulmonary vascular endothelium permeability and respiratory function in patients with extrapulmonary acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS exp). Methods The data of 39 patients with ARDS exp were retrospectively analyzed.According to whether treated with Ulinastatin or not, all patients were divided into Ulinastatin group(n = 21)and control group(n = 18); The level of extravascular lung water index (EVLWI), pulmonary vascular permeability index(PVPI) and respiratory function were measured before and after the treatment. Results The mortality rate of Ulinastatin group was lower than that of control group (28.6% vs 38.9%). The time of decreasing EVLWI, PVPI and improving PaO2/FiO and respiratory function in Ulinastatin group was shorter than that of control group, and the effect was superior. Conclusion Ulinastatin could reduce EVLWI and PVPI, improve pulmonary compliance and oxygenation, and reduce mortality rate in patients with extrapulmonary acute respiratory distress.

Objective:To optimize and establish the experimental methods for the determination of 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone (BP-1) in mouse brain. Methods:BP-1 was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and separated by Waters Symmetry? C18 (4. 6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm) using isocratic elution, and the sample preparation conditions were optimized by orthogonal experiment design. The mobile phase was methanol-water (volume ratio 3∶1) containing 3% (volume fraction) ace-tic acid (pH 3. 40) at a flow rate of 1. 0 mL/min, and ultraviolet (UV) detection wavelength was set at 290 nm. Retention time was used for qualitative analysis and internal standard method for quantitative analysis. Results: Under the optimized experimental conditions, the calibration curve was linear with a correlation coefficient of 0. 999 8 over the concentration range of 0. 2-10. 0 mg/L. The recoveries of BP-1 were between 96. 8% and 104. 5%. The intra-day and inter-day precision of BP-1 were 3. 5% -5. 7% and 4. 5% -6. 4%, respectively. The extraction recoveries of BP-1 at three concentrations (0. 5, 2. 0, 8. 0 mg/L) in the mouse brain were 90. 5%, 89. 5%, and 97. 7%, and the matrix effect of BP-1 at these three concentrations were 102. 9%, 102. 7%, and 90. 9%, respectively. Conclusion:The method is simple, ac-curate, and suitable for determination of the contents of BP-1 in mouse brain.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of stress imposed on adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC), therefore to clarify the molecular basis and mechanism of ACC's malignant phenotype under the elevated tumor interstitial fluid pressure.

METHODSACC cells were cultured under pressure (103.74 kPa), and were divided into four groups (3 h group, 6 h group, 12 h group, 24 h group) according the pressure time. Untreated ACC2 was as negative control group, untreated ACCM was as positive control group. The level of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was detected by semiquantitative analysis of immunochemistry. Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and EGFR mRNA expression were assessed by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. EGFR, phosphorylation epidermal growth factor receptor (P-EGFR), MMP9, keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) and phosphorylation extracellular signal-regulated kinase (P-ERK) protein expressions were assessed by Western blot.

RESULTSAs the extension of pressure time, the expression of EGFR, P-EGFR, MMP9, KGF, P-ERK in ACC2 gradually increased, which were positive correlation with pressure time, and were higher than that of negative control group.

CONCLUSIONUnder the stimulation of pressure, the mRNA and protein levels of adhesion molecules and metastatic relative molecules in ACC2 were sharply elevated.

Objective To evaluate the effect of malaria surveillance and control of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in 2013,and explore the suited surveillance and management of imported malaria cases,so as to provide the evidence for formulat?ing the scientific control measures of imported malaria. Methods The endemic data and control measures of malaria in Guangxi in 2013 were collected and analyzed statistically. Results A total of 1 251 malaria cases were found in Guangxi in 2013,with 88.25%(1 104 cases)of falciparum malaria,8.63%(108 cases)of vivax malaria,0.64%(8 cases)of quartan malaria,1.52%(19 cases)of ovale malaria,and 0.96%(12 cases)of mixed infection;93.21%(1 166 cases)were off?farm workers;96.56%(1 208 cases)were imported from Africa and mainly consisted of falciparum malaria cases;3.44%(43 cases)were imported from southeast Asia and mainly consisted of vivax malaria cases. The cases of imported malaria were increasing and the infection rate in 2013 was increased by 464%compared with that in 2012. Conclusion The imported malaria cases in Guangxi mainly come from Africa at present. Promoting the health education and professional skill of malaria control and treatment ,as well as the diagnosis and treatment of the patients in early time are important measures to control the imported malaria.