【Objective】 To explore the effect of online and offline collaborative and integrated mode (Internet + blood donation souvenirs), and develop diversified scientific ways of caring for voluntary blood donors in combination with the potential expectation of the target population, ao as to recruit and retain more blood donors. 【Methods】 A total of 4 000 blood donors from Yichang Central Blood Station from January 1 to June 30, 2022 were selected, and they could collect souvenirs from online and offline. The intelligent platform V9.5 of modern blood station management information system of Qiao Technology was used to classify the data of online and offline souvenir distribution, and digital intelligent comparison and analysis on age, occupation, education, type (first-time blood donors or repeat blood donors), region (main urban districts of Yichang and other counties and suburban districts) and gender were carried out. 【Results】 A total of 1 400 blood donors chose online souvenirs, who were mainly under 25 years old, students, female, college education or above, urban areas and regular donors; 2 600 chose offline souvenirs, who were mainly over 25 years old, male, junior college degree or below, occupations other than students (medical workers, educators, etc.), counties and suburban districts, and first-time blood donors. The collaborative and integrated mode of the two distribution methods were complementary and had a good incentive effect on blood donor recruitment. 【Conclusion】 The online and offline collaborative and integrated mode demonstrates a good effect and meets the needs of different population. Digital intelligence system is helpful to develop diversified and scientific ways of caring for voluntary blood donors, recruit and retain more blood donors, achieve high-quality development of blood collection and supply, therefore guarantee the increasing demand for clinical blood use.

Population-based lifetime health services rely on health management practice. Collection, management and analysis of big data are highly suitable for the huge population base in China. Nowadays, more and more research focus on the methods, security and ethnicity of health management and big data, and a plenty of instructive results have been made, which could be used to guide the future practice and development. Yichang mode has set a precedent for construction and use of big data for health management.
Big Data ; China ; Delivery of Health Care ; Health Services Research ; Population Health Management ; Population Surveillance/methods*

Objective To analyze the changes of CD4⁺ T cell numbers at different periods of antiviral therapy in HIV-infected and AIDS patients (HIV/AIDS) in Yichang City. Methods The relevant information was retrieved from the National AIDS Comprehensive Prevention Information System-Antiretroviral Treatment Management Database. Changes in the number of CD4⁺ T cells were analyzed in HIV/AIDS patients who started receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and continued the treatment for 3 years from January 1, 2003 to December 31, 2017 in Yichang. Results The number of CD4⁺T lymphocytes in 550 HIV/AIDS cases increased significantly at various time points within 3 years after treatment, and increased with the increase of treatment time（F=100.20，P<0.001）. The CD4+T cell counts of different baseline level groups were statistically different before and after treatment（F=8.57，P<0.01）. The CD4+ T cell counts of patients who started treatment at age of 15-30 years old increased faster than those who started treatment at age of over 30 years old（F=1.27，P<0.05）. Conclusion HAART has a significant effect on the increase of CD4+T cells, and the early treatment is more effective. Early detection, diagnosis and treatment should be promoted, and anti-viral treatment should be actively carried out.

【Objective】 To explore the prediction of clinical red blood cells (RBCs) consumption under major public health emergencies, so as to provide scientific basis for blood collection and blood inventory management. 【Methods】 The clinical consumption of different types of RBCs in Yichang from 2001 to 2017 was analyzed and modeled using the recurrent neural network (RNN) model, and the clinical RBCs consumption between January 2019 and December 2021(36 months) were scientifically predicted. 【Results】 The RNN model showed good prediction performance. The root mean square errors (RMSE) of RNN prediction values of A, B, O, AB type of RBCs were 156.7, 133.4, 204.2 and 51.3, respectively, with the average relative errors (MRE) at 6.4%, 6.6%, 8.5% and 7.1%, respectively. The model predicted the changing trend of RBCs consumption during the first round of COVID-19 outbreak (January to June, 2020) and forecasted the lowest level of consumption in February 2020 and a subsequent recovery in growth. The prediction of RBCs consumption during the second round of COVID-19 pandemic (January to June, 2021) was of high accuracy. For example, the relative errors of RNN models for A type RBCs consumption were 5.2% in Feb 2021 (the lowest level, 1 621.5 U) and 2.5% in May 2021 (the highest level, 2 397.0 U). 【Conclusion】 The artificial intelligence RNN model can predict clinical RBCs consumption well under major public health emergencies.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of syphilis in Yichang City from 2011 to 2020, and provide a scientific basis for developing effective control measures. Methods The data of syphilis cases reported in Yichang City from 2011 to 2020 were collected and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods. Results A total of 8 107 cases of syphilis were reported in Yichang City from 2011 to 2020, with an average annual reported incidence rate of 19.76 per 100 000.The reported incidence of syphilis increased from 17.39/100 000 in 2011 to 24.49/100 000 in 2018 （APC=6.82%，95%CI：2.34%~11.49%， P＜0.05）, from 24.49/100 000 in 2018 Decline to 17.55/100 000 in 2020（P＞0.05）. Recessive syphilis is the main type, with 5 837 cases (72.00%), and the annual reported incidence rate is 14.23 per 100 000. The number of cases peaked in July, at 836 (10.31%), and 433 (5.34%) of the lowest in February . The top 3 counties with annual average reported incidence rates were Zigui County (28.51/100 000) , Xiling District (25.01/100 000), and Dangyang City (23.73/100 000). There were a statistically significant differences in reported incidence between counties (2 =933.92, P＜0.01). Gender ratio was 0.72. Cases mainly concentrated in people over 20 years old, 7901 cases (97.46%). The occupation distribution is mainly farmers, housework, unemployed, and retired people. Conclusion The incidence of syphilis in Yichang City has been on the rise in recent ten years, and there is still a long way to go to prevent and control syphilis. We suggested to continue to strengthen the prevention and control of syphilis and comprehensively prevent and control the spread of syphilis.

Objective To master the changes of foodborne disease pathogen spectrum in Yichang during 2014-2020, and to understand the impact of the toilet revolution on the pathogen spectrum of foodborne diseases in Yichang. Methods The basic information on the cases of foodborne diseases in Yichang from 2014 to 2020 was collected. The fecal specimens were collected to detect pathogens, including Salmonella , Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Shigella, and diarrheogenic Escherichia coli and Norovirus. The distribution of foodborne pathogenic bacteria in food was obtained from the surveillance project report of food microorganisms and their pathogenic factors in Yichang. From 2017 to 2020, water samples from the Yangtze River were collected from May to October with frequent intestinal diseases to detect pathogenic bacteria of foodborne diseases. Results The monitoring results of foodborne diseases showed that the detection rate of norovirus increased to 6.12% year by year from 2015 to 2017, and plummeted to 0.43% in 2018, with a statistically significant difference (χ²＝60.962，P<0.05). The detection rate of bacterial pathogens decreased significantly in 2018, showing a statistically significant difference (χ²＝106.47，P<0.05). The detection rate of Salmonella was the highest. The salmonella serotypes of 2015 to 2018 and 2020 were mainly typhimurium, and the main serotypes of 2014 and 2019 were dublin and enteritidis, respectively. From 2017 to 2020, only Salmonella and Vibrio parahaemolyticus were detected in the Yangtze River water, and the detection rate was the lowest in 2018. There was significant difference in the detection rate in different years. (χ²＝44.036 , P<0.05). Conclusion The toilet revolution can reduce the detection rate of pathogens of foodborne diseases in Yichang and reduce the detection rate of Salmonella in Yangtze River water, but it has little impact on the composition of foodborne disease pathogen spectrum.

【Objective】 To observe the regulation of autonomic nerves in blood donors during blood donation by heart rate variability analysis and explore the possible mechanism of donation related vasovagal reaction. 【Methods】 Electrocardiogram (ECG) of 90 blood donors was monitored by Fontaine Ⅰlead during the whole process of blood donation, and the 5-min heart rate variation before, during and after blood donation was analyzed. 【Results】 During the whole process of blood donation, the sympathetic HRV index (LF nu) and the sympathetic and vagal balance ability index (LF/HF) increased, whereas the vagal nerve index (pNN50, RMSSD, HFnu) and heart rate variability index (SDNN, Total power) decreased. For baseline heart rate variability of different blood donors (first-time vs. repeated, male vs. female, 18-24 years old vs. ≥25 years old, <400 mL vs. 400 mL) before blood donation, the pNN50, RMSSD and Total power of 18-24 years old blood donors were higher, but other indicators showed no significant difference. There were differences in HRV indexes of different types of blood donors during blood donation compared with before blood donation. The decrease of pNN50 and HFnu and the increase of LF/HF were larger in experienced blood donors than in first-time blood donors. The decrease of RMSSD was larger in male blood donors than in female blood donors; the change of LF/HF was larger in blood donors aged≥25 years than in blood donors aged 18-24 years; other indicators had no significant difference. 【Conclusion】 Blood donation leads to reflex readjustment of the cardiac autonomic tone: the sympathetic nerve is excited while the vagal nerve is suppressed. The cardiac autonomic nerve function of first-time blood donors, female donors and low-age (18-24 years old) donors to blood donation stress is not fully regulated. Donation related vasovagal reaction may be related to the autonomic nerve regulation function of blood donors.

Objective  To introduce and evaluate the practice of ^“Internet Plus^” new technology for health management of chronic diseases in community in Yichang, and to provide reference for chronic disease patients' health management in community. Methods  Data of hypertensive patients were collected from the national basic public health service system, the big data intelligent sorting system for chronic disease patients in Yichang City, and the basic public health service system in urban areas in Yichang from 2016 to 2020. Data on the discovery, sorting and filing, standardized management rate and blood pressure control of urban hypertension patients were analyzed. The application effect of ^“Internet Plus^” new technology in chronic disease community health management was evaluated. Results  From 2016 to 2020, 15 934 patients with hypertension were found and their health records were established through big and intelligent data in Yichang City, accounting for 93.54% (15 934 / 17 035) of the total. The rate of standardized management in each district increased year by year, with an increase of 8.71% in 2020 compared with 2016, and the difference was statistically significant (χ²=1273.30, P<0.001). The blood pressure control rate of hypertensive patients increased year by year, with the control rate being 11.64% higher in 2020 than that in 2016, and the difference was statistically significant (χ²=867.14, P<0.001). Conclusion  Data exchange and sharing among medical institutions at all levels can strengthen the health management of chronic diseases in the community. The “Internet Plus” new technology, integrating the Internet, big data, cloud computing and intelligent terminal technology, can effectively improve the detection, management and treatment rate of chronic diseases, and provide a new direction for the health management of chronic diseases.

Objective To provide reference for the development of prevention and control strategies for HIV/AIDS cases aged 50 and above in Yichang city from 2013 to 2020 by epidemiological characteristics anaylsing. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemic situation and epidemiological data. Results A total of 1 126 HIV/AIDS cases were reported during the monitoring period, and 296 cases were 50 years old and above, accounting for 26.29%. The proportion of cases aged 50 years and above to the total number of cases and the annual reported incidence rate both showed an upward trend (P＜0.01). The cases were mainly male (74.66%), and the older the age, the greater the proportion of males (P=0.02). The age of confirmed cases is mainly concentrated in 50-59 years (68.58%), of which 49.66% were married and 74.32% were at junior high school and below. Sexual contact (accounting for 99.66%) was the main route of infection, the proportion of non-marital heterosexual sex was relatively high, especially in female cases (accounting for 74.67%). Those who had been infected for more than 8 years accounted for 48.75%, and the proportion of infected age ≥50 years in the total number of cases showed an upward trend. Cases were found mainly from medical institutions (74.66%). Conclusion The HIV/AIDS epidemic situation of people aged 50 and above in Yichang City was relatively severe and has became a key population for prevention and control. Targeted and effective prevention and control measures should be taken to reduce the harm of AIDS to the population.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the drug resistance of Comamonas testosteroni (C. testosteroni) by the Kirby-Bauer (K-B) method without Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) explanation or the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method with the standard CLSI explanation to evaluate the sensitivity of K-B method in detection of C. testosteroni.
 METHODS: K-B method and MIC method was used to determine the sensitivity of C. testosteroni to Piperacillin, Cefepime, Piperacillin/tazobactam, Imipenem, Meropenem, Amikacin, Gentamicin, Tobramycin, Ceftazidime and Ciprofloxacin. The interpretation standard for Pseudomonas aeruginosa was temporary used for the K-B method. The coincident rate was compared between the two methods.
 RESULTS: The complete or partial coincident rate for K-B method and MIC method to detect Piperacillin and Cefepime was 97.4% or 2.6%; the complete coincidence rate to detect Piperacillin/tazobactam, Imipenem and Meropenem was 100%; the complete or partial coincident rate to detect Amikacin, Gentamicin and Tobramycin 94.7% or 5.3%; the complete or partial coincident rate to detect Ceftazidime was 97.4% or 2.6%; the complete or partial coincident rate to detect Ciprofloxacin 86.8% or 10.6%, and the full non-coincidence rate was 2.6%.
 CONCLUSION The results of drug sensitive test from the two methods are highly consistent. We suggest that the microbiology labs do not report the interpretive results for C. testosteroni with K-B method but report the test results.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Cefepime ; Cephalosporins ; Comamonas testosteroni ; Imipenem ; Meropenem ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Penicillanic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; Piperacillin ; Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; Thienamycins