Radial Basis Function Neural Network Based on Plate Model （P-RBFNN） is constructed for resolution of chromatographic peaks of unknown components number. Then a two-phase sorting genetic algorithm (TP-SGA)-training structure and evolving is intruduced to train the network so that it has the ability of re-constructed structure. TP-SGA has robustness and random globe optimization.　The alternate use of gradient descent and TP-SGA makes the network have the ability to learn structure,　therefore makes itself adaptable to resolution of the chromatographic peaks of unknown components number.　The method proposed here needs no artificial interference,　not only has it robustness and globalism. With its characteristics related above and its ability of decomposing and analysing, this method has obvious advantages comparing with others.

BACKGROUND:The analysis of gas flow in upper respiratory tract of patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome contributes to further understanding the correlation of anatomical structure and function of upper respiratory tract so as to know the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. OBJECTIVE:To establish the three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model of upper airway in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome, to study the characteristics of airflow dynamics in upper respiratory tract in above patients, and to lay the foundation for further exploring the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. METHODS:CT scan of the upper airway was performed with a moderate obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome patient. Data stored in DICOM format were imported in Mimics 10.01 software, and processed, and then computational fluid dynamics model was built. ANSYS ICEM CFD14.0 was used to perform the grid division of the three-dimensional model. The internal flow of upper respiratory tract was simulated by ANSYS 14.0-Fluid Dynamics, and relevant information on airflow field of upper airway was obtained. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model of upper airway wasestablished with 1 751 940 elements and 303 981 nodes of upper airway. The flow rate was 11.087 m/s in the lower bound of pharyngopalatiae, which was the most narrowed areas of upper airway in patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome. The three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model of upper airway has accurately simulated biomechanical feature of human, which provides a foundation for further studying the airflow dynamics of upper respiratory tract of patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome.

Gait recognition is a new technology in biometric recognition and medical treatment which has advantages such as long-distance and non-invasiveness. Depending on the differences between different people's walking pos tures, we can recognize individuals by characteristics extracted from the images of walking movement. A complete gait recognition process usually includes gait sequence acquisition, gait detection, feature extracting and recognition. In this paper, the commonly used methods of these four processes are introduced, and feature extraction methods are classified from different multi-angle views. And then the new algorithm of multi-view emerged in recent years is highlighted. In addition, this paper summarizes the existing difficulties of gait recognition, and looks into the future development trends of it.
Algorithms ; Biometry ; Gait ; Humans ; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ; Walking

OBJECTIVE: To explore the efficacy and feasibility of compound glycyrrhizin in combination with anisodamine for the treatment of allergic purpura. METHODS: 60 patients with allergic purpura were randomly divided into treatment group and control group.The control group was given only the conventional therapy while the treatment group was treated with compound glycyrrhizin plus anisodamine in addition to the conventional therapy as stated in the control group. The course of treatment for both groups was 10 continuous days. RESULTS: The total effective rates for the treatment group and the control group were 90% and 60% (P

Objective:To analyse the change of morphology and internal air flow in upper airway by the use of oral appliance(OA)in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).Methods:A 46-year-old male patient with OSAHS accepted CT scan before and three months after use of OA.Computational fluid dynamics(CFD)model was built on the base of CT scans by Mimics 10.01 and ANSYS ICEMCFD14.0.The internal flow of upper respiratory tract was simulated by ANSYS-FLUENT 14.0 and the re-sults was analyzed by ANSYS-CFD-Post14.0.Results:The most narrow area of upper airway was located in the lower bound of pha-ryngopalatiae,and it augmented from 0.119 4 cm2 to 0.409 9 cm2 after wearing OA;the maximum air velocity was decreased from 11 . 087 m/s to 8.204 m/s,the minimum negative pressure was decreased from -83 Pa to -59 Pa,the resistance of cavum pharyngis de-creased from 250 Pas/L to 145 Pas/L.Conclusion:Application of OA may expanse the upper respiratory tract,decrease the negative pressure and resistance of the upper respiratory tract in narrow area,reduce the collapsibility of the upper airway and maintain the pa-tency of the airflow.

BACKGROUND: There are a lot of controversies regarding the choice of short versus long segment pedicle screw fixation for the treatment of isthmic spondylolisthesis and degenerative spondylolisthesis treatment. OBJECTIVE: To investigate clinical efficacy of short versus long segment pedicle screw fixation in treatment of lumbar spondylolisthesis.METHODS: A total of 146 spondylolisthesis patients were included in this study, 36 males and 110 females, aged 22-73 years at a mean of 53 years; disease duration was from 1 to 18 years at a mean of 5 years. These patients were treated with lumbar spinal window-opened decompression or laminectomy decompression, a short or long segment pedicle screw internal fixation, transverse interbody fusion.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Among 146 involved patients, 72 cases were treated with four pedicle screw fixation (short segments), while 74 cases with six pedicle screw fixation (long segments). Interbody graft was performed in 101 cases, while intertransverse fusion given in 45 cases. Totally 134 cases were followed up for postoperative 1.5-14 years. According to clinical grading standards of Steffee system, the clinical efficacy was assayed excellent in 74 cases, good in 41 cases, mild in 13 cases and poor in 6 cases, with good rate of 85.8%. 77 cases achieved a complete reduction, including 32 cases using a short segment fixation and 45 cases using a long segment fixation. 69 cases achieved partial reduction, including 40 cases using a short segment fixation and 29 cases using a long segment fixation. Pedicle screws ruptures were found in 13 screws of eight patients undergoing short segment fixation, while no pedicle screw fracture was found in long segment fixation. Choice of short or long segment for the fixation is based on the analysis of spondylolisthesis type, severity, duration of disease, emergence of adjacent segment disc degeneration and instability.

Objectives This study was conducted to detect and analyze the presence of plasmidmediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) determinants [qnr,aac-(6′)-Ib-cr and qepA] among clinical isolates of Citrobacter freundii strains isolated from patients in Anhui,China,and to understand the susceptibility of PMQR positive strains to commonly used antimicrobial agents.Methods During the year 2009,31 Citrobacter strains were collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University.Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect PMQR genes.Amplicons were purified,sequenced and compared with data from the GenBank.Conjugation experiments were conducted to determine whether the qnr-carrying plasmids were self-transferable.The susceptibility of the positive isolates and transconjugants were tested by agar dilution method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines.The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin were determined by E-test strips.Results Among the 31 Citrobacter strains,the qnr genes were detected in 8 isolates (25.8％),among which,6 carried qnrB.Aac-(6′)-Ib-cr and qepA were not identified in these isolates.The qnr genes were transferred from four clinical isolates to their transconjugants.Sequence analysis identified one novel qnrB variant (qnrB24).The resistant rate of qnr-positive clinical isolates to quinolone was 87.5 ％.Most of them were also resistant to various other antibiotics,including cefotaxime (75.0 ％),amikacin (7.5 ％),ceftazidime (62.5 ％),cefapime (37.5 ％),and gentamycin (87.5 ％).All qnr positive strains were susceptible to imipenem.MIC of all transconjugants showed reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones,with MIC increased by 10-23 folds.Conclusions Our study shows that qnr gene has occurred in Citrobacter freundii isolates from Anhui Province,China.QnrB is most prevalent in these isolates.Most qnr positive isolates are resistant to commonly used antimicrobial agents.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of propofol on endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in thoracic aorta of hypertensive rats.MethodsHealthy SD rats of both sexes weighing 240-280 g were used in this study.Hypertension was induced by subcutaneous deoxycorticosterone 25 mg/kg twice a week for consecutive 7 weeks.Sixty-four hypertensive rats were randomly divided into four groups (n ＝ 16 each):hypertension group (group H),low,medium and high dose propofol group ( groups P1,P2,P3 ).Groups P1,P2 and P3 received infusion of propofol at a rate of 20,30 and 40 mg* kg- 1 · h- 1 for 3 h respectively,while group H received equal volume normal saline instead of propofol.Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was monitored and recorded before,1 h and 3 h after the start of propofol or normal saline infusion.All animals were sacrificed at 3 h of intravenous administration.Blood samples were collected by taking out the eyeballs for determination of serum NO concentrations by nitrate reductase method.The expression of eNOS mRNA,iNOS mBNA was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.The expression of eNOS and iNOS protein was determined by Western blot.ResultsCompared to group H,MAP was decreased significantly,the serum NO concentrations were increased significantly,the expression of eNOS mRNA and protein in thoracic aorta was up-regulated,and the expression of iNOS mRNA and protein in thoracic aorta was down-regulated in a dose-dependent manner in groups P1,P2 and P3 ( P < 0.05 or 0.01 ).ConclusionPropofol can down-regulate iNOS expression and up-regudate eNOS expression in endothelial cells of thoracic aorta and promote NO release in hypertensive rats,Which is the mechanism of propofol decreasing pressure.

[Objective] To evaluate the clinical value of diagnosing osteoporosis with vertebra bone mineral density(BMD) by measurement with quantitative computed tomography (QCT) . [ Method] BMD in of lumbar vertebrae (L<,1～4>)were measured by QCT in 53 healthy middleaged persons or elderly persons (group A) and 68 osteoporosis patients ( groupB) . [Result] BMD in group A declined obviously as age increasing with significant differences (P<0. 01) . In group B,all 68 patients showed osteoporosis according to the diagnostic standard of BMD≤x -2. OSD. Sixty patients showed osteoporosis ifthe diagnostic standard was set to BMD ≤ x -2. 5SD. The BMD values of different age group was lower than the bone quantityblock values. [Conclusion] As a method for diagnosing osteoporosis, QCT has advantages of high sensitation, being precise,being reproducible and is easy for applying. It would be more practical and could decrease mis - diagnosing if the diagnosticstandard was BMD≤x-2.OSD.

Objective Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a growing public health concern that has been associated with pediatric fatalities. This study investigated the genotypes of staphylococcal cassette chromosomal mec (SCCmec) and Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (PVL) in MRSA strains isolated from Shanghai Children's Hospital by PCR. Methods A total of 30 strains of MRSA were isolated from various clinical specimens from October 2005 to June 2006. The antimicrobial susceptibility was measured by agar diffusion method. SCCmec typing was conducted using a novel multiplex PCR assay allowing for concomitant detection of methicillin resistance (mecA gene) to facilitate detection and classification of all currently described SCCmec typesⅠ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳa, b, c, d andⅤ. PVL gene was also determined by PCR. Results mecA gene was positive in all the strains. SCCmecⅡ was identified in 6(20.0%) isolates, SCCmecⅢ in 15(50.0%) isolates, SCCmecⅤ in 2 and SCCmecⅣa in 1 isolate. Six MRSA strains were non-typeable. The isolates with SCCmecⅡ or SCCmecⅢ were resistant to multiple antibiotics. The strains harboring SCCmecⅣa or SCCmecⅤwere susceptible to all antibiotics except β-lactams. Eleven (36.7%) isolates were PVL positive. The genotypes and subgenotypes of staphylococcal chromosomal cassette mec of eleven PVL-positive MRSA were SCCmecⅡ(1 isolates), SCCmecⅢ (5 isolates), SCCmecⅣa (1 isolate), SCCmecⅤ (2 iso-Lates) non-typeable (2 isolates). Conclusions SCCmecⅡ and SCCmecⅢ are the major genotypes of MRSA in our hospital. These isolates are multi-resistant to antibiotics. The prevalence of PVL gene is higher in SCCmecⅡ- or SCCmeⅢ-positive MRSA. The isolates with SCCmecⅡ or SCCmecⅢ were resistant to multiple antibiotics.