Objective To understand the viral etiology of acute respiratory infection in Kunming area. Methods We collected the nasopharyngeal swab of patients with acute respiratory tract infection,and used multiple reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method to detect 15 kinds of respiratory viral pathogens. Results Among the 600 samples,144 strains of viruses were detected, the positive rate was 24%,among which the highest positive rate was RSV (49/600,8.2%),followed by PIV (32/600,5.3%) HRV (27/600,4.5%) and IFV27 (27/600,4.5%) . The respiratory virus infection situation was different in every age group, groups of the highest virus positive rate was ≤1 age group (72/216, 33.3%);The respiratory virus infection situation in different seasons was different, the virus positive rate of the first quarter was the highest (85/144, 59%) . Conclusion RSV was the main virus pathogen of acute respiratory tract infections in Kunming area in 2011 years, the detection rate in sick children was the highest among all patients;the detection rate in the first quarter was higher than other quarters.

A method of qualitative and quantitative analysis on fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) full range gasoline by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC-TOF MS) was established. The results showed that paraffins, olefins, naphthenes and aromatics in FCC gasoline had regional and zonal distribution in two-dimensional contour plots. The distinctions of boiling points and polarity between different compounds were used to achieve the accurate separation and determination in GC×GC-TOF MS analysis, and consequently the co-current flow which was often present in the conventional GC analysis was greatly suppressed. The difference of ionizing efficiency between different compounds was modified by response factors, and moreover, a good quantitative dependency was found between the analysis results of GC and GC×GC-TOF MS on FCC gasoline. Due to the high separation resolution, GC×GC-TOF MS gave more accurate results about the group compositions of FCC gasoline. GC×GC-TOF MS provided an effective way with high precision for the characterization of FCC gasoline.

Objective: To detect the enterovirus VP4 and VP1 genes in 510 stool samples collected from hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) cases and analyze the phylogenetic characteristics of the entire VP1 genes of coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6) strains in six prefectures/cities of Yunnan Province in 2018. Methods: Viral RNA was abstracted from the stool samples. VP4 gene sequences were amplified by RT-PCR and sequenced using the MD91/OL68-1 primer pair to identify viral genotypes. Whole VP1 gene sequences were amplified and sequenced using appropriate primer pairs. The whole VP1 gene sequences of CV-A6 reference strains were downloaded from GenBank. MEGA5.2 software was used to analyze the similarity in nucleotide and amino acid sequences between different strains and phylogenetic tree was constructed for analysis of genetic characteristics and molecular epidemiology. Results: VP4 and VP1 gene sequences were obtained from 57 out of 510 stool samples with a positive rate of 11.17% (57/510). There were 43 CV-A6 (8.43%, 43/510), six CV-A10 (1.17%, 6/510), two enterovirus A71 (EV-A71, 0.39%, 2/510) and two CV-A9 (0.39%, 2/510) strains. The other four strains were CV-A4 (0.19%, 1/510), CV-A5 (0.19%, 1/510), CV-B1 (0.19%, 1/510) and E11 (0.19%, 1/510). The phylogenetic analysis showed that all 43 CV-A6 strains belonged to sub-genotype D3. Conclusions In the 510 HFMD samples, CV-A6 strains were mostly detected with a detection rate of 8.43% and accounted for 75.44% (43/57) of all isolates, followed by CV-A10 (1.17%, 6/510) and EV-A71 (0.39%, 2/510). There was a large HFMD outbreak mainly caused by CV-A6 in Yunnan Province in 2018. The outbreak was caused by CV-A6 of sub-genotype D3, as was the case with pervious outbreaks in China.

Objective To analyze the genetic characteristics of VP1 3'region of human coxsack-ievirus B2 (CV-B2) strains isolated from Yunnan province. Methods RT-PCR and gene sequencing were performed to analyze the VP1 3'region of 15 CV-B2 strains isolated from acute flaccid paralysis ( AFP) cases during 2005 to 2006, healthy children in 2013 and hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) cases in 2014 in Yunnan province. CV-B2 VP1 gene reference sequences were downloaded from the Genbank. Nucleotide (nt) and amino acid (aa) diversities were calculated by MEGA5. 2 software and a phylogenetic tree was constructed. Genetic and molecular epidemiological characteristics of CV-B2 strains circulating in Yunnan province were analyzed. Results A total of 15 CV-B2 strains were isolated, which were one from 232 AFP cases in 2005, one from 240 AFP cases in 2006, 12 from 400 healthy children in 2013 and one from 500 HFMD cases in 2014. Phylogenetic analysis of the 15 CV-B2 strains in Yunnan province and those down-loaded from the GenBank showed that CV-B2 could be genetically divided into five genotypes. The prototype strain Ohio-1 and one strain (01-1) isolated in Taiwan in 1988 belonged to genotype 1. Strains isolated in France in 2006, 2007 and 2010 belonged to genotype 2. Strains isolated in Yunnan, Shandong, Henan, Fu-jian and Taiwan belonged to genotype 3. Strains isolated in Russia, Yunnan AFP cases in 2005 and 2006 and India belonged to genotype 4. Strains isolated in Taiwan, Shandong and New South Wales, Australia be-longed to genotype 5. Different genotypes distributed in different countries/areas with some confined within specific countries/areas. Conclusions The 12 strains isolated from healthy children and one from HFMD cases in Yunnan province belonged to genotype 3, while the two strains isolated from AFP cases belonged to genotype 4. Diversities in nt and aa sequences between the strains isolated from the healthy children and HFMD case were only 0. 76％ and 0. 03％, respectively, indicating that they might come from the same transmission source. However, the nt and aa diversities between the isolates of genotype 3 ( from healthy children and HFMD case) and genotype 4 (from AFP cases in 2005 and 2006) were 15. 11％-15. 22％ and 2. 76％-2. 72％, respectively. Correlation of CV-B2 with AFP and HFMD was worthy of further study.

Objective To investigate the predictive factors for postoperative intra-abdominal septic complications (IASCs) after intestinal resection in patients with Crohn's Disease (CD).Methods Clinical data from patients who underwent intestinal resection for CD at Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital between June 2011 and July 2016 were retrospectively analysed.The patients were divided into IASCs group and non-IASCs groups by whether suffering from postoperative IASCs.Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to identify the predictive factors for postoperative IASCs,and the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyse the diagnostic value of the results.Results Among one hundred and seventy-three patients who underwent intestinal resection for CD,15(8.7％) patients experienced postoperative IASCs.The results of univariate and multivariate analysis showed that preoperative CRP ≥ 10 mg/L (OR =4.920,95％ CI:1.137-21.287,P =0.033) was an independent trisk factor for postoperative IASCs,and the laparoscopic surgery (OR =0.070,95％ CI:0.007-0.701,P =0.024) was the independent protective factor for postoperative IASCs.By analyzing ROC curve,preoperative CRP level had the diagnostic value of predicting the postoperative IASCs.The areas under the ROC curves of preoperative CRP for postoperative IASCs were 0.729 with an optimal diagnostic cut-off value of 10.75 mg/L,and with sensitivity of 80.0％ and a specificity of 67.1％.Conclusions Preoperative CRP level is an independent risk factor for postoperative IASCs,and laparoscopic surgery is an independent protective factor for IASCs.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in social communication and repetitive behaviors. With the rapid development of computer vision, visual behavior analysis aided diagnosis of ASD has got more and more attention. This paper reviews the research on visual behavior analysis aided diagnosis of ASD. First, the core symptoms and clinical diagnostic criteria of ASD are introduced briefly. Secondly, according to clinical diagnostic criteria, the interaction scenes are classified and introduced. Then, the existing relevant datasets are discussed. Finally, we analyze and compare the advantages and disadvantages of visual behavior analysis aided diagnosis methods for ASD in different interactive scenarios. The challenges in this research field are summarized and the prospects of related research are presented to promote the clinical application of visual behavior analysis in ASD diagnosis.
Humans ; Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosis* ; Vision, Ocular ; Behavior

Gastric cancer is a common digestive system malignancy. Surgical operation is the main treatment of radical treatment for gastric cancer. Pulmonary infection is a common postoperative complication of gastric cancer. Because there is no clear and unified definition of pulmonary complications, the current researches show that the incidence of postoperative pulmonary infection of gastric cancer is about 1.8%-18.1%. The incidence of postoperative pulmonary infection will prolong the hospital stay, increase the cost of hospitalization, and even develop into respiratory failure leading to early postoperative death. There are many factors affecting postoperative pulmonary infection of gastric cancer, including age, smoking history, pulmonary function, pulmonary disease history, operation method, operation time, intraoperative bleeding volume, gastric tube retention time, postoperative lying time and so on. There are also many perioperative interventions. This article reviews the risk factors and perioperative interventions of postoperative pulmonary infection of gastric cancer.
Gastrectomy/adverse effects* ; Humans ; Perioperative Care/methods* ; Pneumonia/therapy* ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Stomach Neoplasms/surgery*

Objective To observe biomechanical characteristics and advantages of the self-developed anatomical locking plate of sternoclavicular joint by comparison with the radial distal oblique T-shaped locking plate and sternoclavicular hook plate. Methods Nine embalming and moistening adult corpses were selected, including 6 males and 3 females. Model of complete dislocation of the sternoclavicular joint caused by complete removal of the sternoclavicular joint specimen. The bilateral sternoclavicular joints of 9 specimen models were randomly numbered, matched and divided into Group A(experimental group, sternoclavicular joint anatomical locking plate), Group B(control group 1, the radial distal oblique T-shaped locking plate) and Group C(control group 2, sternoclavicular hook plate), with 6 sternoclavicular joints in each group. All specimens were placed with steel plates on both sides and fixed on the universal mechanical test machine. Three biomechanical experiments were carried out, including loading of distal clavicle, torsion of distal clavicle and anti-pull out of sternum handle screw. Results Distal clavicle loading test: the load-displacement of specimens in three groups showed a linear relationship. The compressive deformation resistance in experimental group was stronger than that in two control groups. Distal clavicle torsion test: the relationship between torque and torsion angle was linear. The torsional deformation resistance in experimental group was stronger than that in two control groups. Anti-pullout test of sternum handle screw: there was a significant difference in the maximum anti-pullout force of sternum handle screw among the three groups (P＜0.05). The anti-pullout performance of the sternum handle screw in the experimental group was better than that in the two control groups. Conclusions The self-developed sternoclavicular joint anatomical locking plate is superior to the oblique T-shaped locking plate of distal radius and the plate of sternoclavicular hook in terms of anti-compression, anti-torsion and anti-pullout of sternoclavicular screw, so as to provide an ideal internal fixation device for the treatment of fracture and dislocation of sternoclavicular joint.

Objective: To identify the etiology and source of infection in a diarrhea outbreak in Yunnan in May 2017 and to provide the evidence for formulating prevention and control measures. Methods: Epidemiological investigation was carried out on the epidemic situation of diarrhea in the village of Lvchun County in Yunnan Province, the field sampling, laboratory testing and data analysis were also performed. Results: Among the 44 patients, 11 of the 13 samples were positive for rotavirus nucleic acid in group A, and the positive rate was 84.62%. The survey showed that the water supply pipe was damaged and polluted by human and livestock manure and domestic sewage. The trend of the damaged water pipe was basically the same as the case distribution, and the rainfall was significantly related to the number of the disease. Conclusions This event was an outbreak of diarrhea caused by group A rotavirus. The direct pollution of drinking water caused by rainfall may be the risk factor of this outbreak. The health management of rural drinking water should be strengthened and the health knowledge and education of preventing intestinal infectious diseases should be promoted.

WRKY transcription factor family plays an important role in plant growth and development, secondary metabolite synthesis, and biotic and abiotic stress responses. The present study performed full-length transcriptome sequencing of Polygonatum cyrtonema by virtue of the PacBio SMRT high-throughput platform, identified the WRKY family by bioinformatics methods, and analyzed the physicochemical properties, subcellular localization, phylogeny, and conserved motifs. The results showed that 30.69 Gb nucleotide bases and 89 564 transcripts were obtained after redundancy removal. These transcripts had a mean length of 2 060 bp and an N50 value of 3 156 bp. Based on the full-length transcriptome sequencing data, 64 candidate proteins were selected from the WRKY transcription factor family, with the protein size of 92-1 027 aa, the relative molecular mass of 10 377.85-115 779.48 kDa, and the isoelectric point of 4.49-9.84. These WRKY family members were mostly located in the nucleus and belonged to the hydrophobic proteins. According to the phylogenetic analysis of WRKY family in P. cyrtonema and Arabidopsis thaliana, all WRKY family members were clustered into seven subfamilies and WRKY proteins from P. cyrtonema were distributed in different numbers in these seven subgroups. Expression pattern analysis confirmed that 40 WRKY family members had distinct expression patterns in the rhizomes of 1-and 3-year-old P. cyrtonema. Except for PcWRKY39, the expression of 39 WRKY family members was down-regulated in 3-year-old samples. In conclusion, this study provides abundant reference data for genetic research on P. cyrtonema and lays a foundation for the in-depth investigation of the biological functions of the WRKY family.
Transcription Factors ; Polygonatum ; Phylogeny ; Transcriptome ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Arabidopsis