ObjectiveTo validate the judgment criteria of the validity scale for the assessment system on the character and temperament approach of command officers,and to describe the theory of this scale.MethodsUsing the way of imitating and field testing,correction of the criteria was verdicted based on the binary distribution theory.Results ①According the imitating research,about the 22 pairs of couple-items,the correct ratio,which is completely based on guessing,is about 4.9％,not reach 5％.②According the field testing,about the 22 pairs of couple-items,the correct ratio,which is completely based on guessing,is about 7.6％,not reach 8％.ConclusionOn the basis of theory analyzing,imitating research and field testing,not only can find the couple-items scale has many good features,such as more various show,more excellent disguise,but also can affirm the criterion of 19,which is based on the binary distribution theory,is also appropriate.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of butylphthalide combined with naloxone in the treatment of elderly patients with cerebral hemorrhage.Methods A total of one hundred and thirty elderly patients with cerebral hemorrhage were selected in North China University of Science and Technology Affiliated Hospital from December 2012 to December 2014,and were randomly divided into two groups,each group 65 cases.Naloxone was used in the control group,while the observation group adopted butylphthalide combined with naloxone in its treatment.The curative effects were compared between two groups.Results After treatment,homocysteine,C reactive protein,hypoxia inducible factor,neurological function defect score were all significantly decreased in two groups (P<0.05).Homocysteine,C reactive protein,hypoxia inducible factor and neurological function defect score in the observation group were much lower than those of the control group ((10.2±1.3) μmol/L vs.(14.0±1.8) μmol/L,(3.9±1.1) mg/L vs.(6.9±1.4) mg/L,(51.6±10.3) pg/ml vs.(82.5±17.6) pg/ml,(3.7±1.0) points vs.(4.4±0.9) points,t=7.134,10.692,9.078,4.892,P<0.05).The total effective rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (98.5% vs.89.2%,χ2=4.795,P<0.05).Compared the complications in two groups,the differences were not statistically significant (P>0.05).Conclusion Butylphthalide combined with naloxone is effective in the treatment of elderly patients with cerebral hemorrhage,which can significantly improve their clinical signs and neurological function.

Objective To investigate the effect of continuous video EEG monitoring on acute cerebral infarction comorbid epileptiform discharges and clinical seizures,and the relationship between cerebral infarction site and seizures.Methods Of the 337 patients continuously video EEG monitored in NICU at our department,259 were included for this study according to our inclusion and exclusion criteria.We recorded patients' epileptiform discharges,type and time of clinical onset,detailed CT and (or) MRI display,cerebral infarction site,and demographic data including admission age,gender,disease history and NIHSS score.Results There were 227/259 (88％) cases showed abnormal discharge in EEG,including 94 with side hemispheric slow wave,99 with local changes,34 with slow wave combined with epileptiform discharges.Early seizures was found in 12 cases,including 3 cases with seizure-induced cerebral infarction,9 cases with attack within one week after cerebral infarction.Ten in the 12 patients had tonic-clonic seizures,and the other 2 cases hadlocal seizures.Epileptiform discharges in EEG was found in 9 cases of the 12 patients.Clinical seizures were not observed in 25 patients with epileptiform discharges in EEG.Results on the relationship between cerebral infarction site and epileptiform discharges showed that incidence of epilepsy in patients with watershed infarction was significantly higher than other types of cerebral infarction (29.0％ vs 13.4％ and 9.0％,P =0.03,0.01 ).Conclusion Continuous video EEG monitoring is capable of detecting early epilepsy and epileptiform discharges.It can provide theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of epilepsy.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the efficacy of Fuhuang Tablets in treating internal hemorrhoid hemorrhage and discussing the design and quality control of clinical trials of traditional Chinese medicine. METHODS: According to two-center, randomized, blinded and controlled study, 144 patients with internal hemorrhoids were divided into 2 groups. Seventy-two patients were treated with Fuhuang Tablets (4 tablets t.i.d. per os) and the other 72 patients were treated with Zhining Tablets (4 tablets t.i.d. per os). Symptoms and signs of the patients were recorded and evaluated at the third and seventh day of treatment respectively. RESULTS: At the third day of treatment, the overall response rates of Fuhuang Tablets-treated group and Zhining Tablets-treated group were 58.57% and 27.78% respectively, with statistic difference between the two groups (P<0.05). At the seventh day of treatment, the overall response rates of Fuhuang Tablets-treated group and Zhining Tablets-treated group were 91.43% and 81.94% respectively, with no statistic difference between the two groups. The laboratory test results and life signs of the 144 patients were normal before and after the treatment. CONCLUSION: Fuhuang Tablets are effective and safe in treating internal hemorrhoid hemorrhage.

Objective To explore the value of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI)as a quantitative analysis tool for chronic cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM)with 3.0T MRI.Methods Cervical routine MR T2-weighted imaging(T2 WI)and diffusion weighted imaging were performed in 38 patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM group)and 20 healthy volunteers (control group),and sagittal image of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC)was reconstructed.The number of high T2 signal of the spinal cord were calculated in both healthy volunteers and CSM patients.The ADC values of CSM groups were measured in C3,T1 -C2 level and the compression or abnormal signal parts of the spinal cord;the control group measured C3、C4-C6 and T1 -T2 level in the spinal cord.Results There were 3 cases,1 case,6 cases and 8 cases high T2 signals in CSM patients from Ⅰ to Ⅳ levels,while there were 2 cases show high T2 signals in control group,respectively.The mean ADC values of the compression part were gradual-ly increased in CSM group from Ⅰ to Ⅳ level.There were significant differences of the mean ADC values of compression part be-tween the control group,CSMⅠ-Ⅱ level and the CSM Ⅳ level.Conclusion From our study,the change of ADC value of spine cord occured earlier than the change of signal in CSM patients.Therefore,the ADC value of spine cord might reflect the degree of spinal cord compression from CSM patients.

Objective To investigate the safety and efficacy of low-dose recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) in Chinese patients with acute ischemic stroke. Methods Consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke received rtPA intravenous thrombolysis within 4. 5 h after symptom onset were enrol ed retrospectively. According to the dosage of rtPA, they were divided into either a low-dose group (0. 5-0. 8 mg/kg, the maximum dose 50 mg) or a standard dose group (0. 9 mg/kg, the maximum dose 90 mg). The incidences of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage ( sICH) ( the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke [NINDS], and European Cooperative Acute Stroke Study Ⅱ [ECASSⅡ] , European Safe Implementation of Thrombolysis in Stroke-Monitoring Study [ SITS-MOST ] ), 90 d mortality, 90 d good outcome (the modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score 0-1), and life self-care ability (mRS score 0-2) were compared between the two groups. Results A total of 163 patients were enrol ed, including 74 patients in the low-dose group and 89 in the standard dose group. The constituent ratios of hypertension (44. 6% vs. 68. 5%; χ2 =9. 490, P=0. 002) and diabetes (5. 4% vs. 28. 1%; χ2 =14. 216, P<0. 001) in the patients of the low-dose group were significantly lower than those of the standard group, while the constituent ratios of smoking (56. 8% vs. 38. 2%; χ2 =5. 590, P=0. 018 ) and smal artery occlusive stroke (21. 6% vs. 10. 1%; χ2 =4. 122, P=0. 042 ) in patients of the low-dose group were significantly higher than those of the standard group. After adjusting for age, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and ischemic stroke typing, multivariate binary logistic analysis showed that there were no significant differences in NINDS defined sICH (10. 8% vs. 9. 0%, odds ratio [OR] 1. 077, 95%confidence interval [CI] 0. 338-3. 436), ECASS Ⅱdefined sICH ( 9. 5% vs. 9. 0%; OR 0. 976, 95% CI 0. 296- 3. 221 ), SITS-MOST defined sICH (8. 1% vs. 4. 5%; OR 2. 269, 95% CI 0. 522-9. 852), 90 d mortality (17. 6% vs. 14. 6%; OR 1. 720, 95% CI 0. 578-5. 119), 90 d good outcome (35. 1% vs. 32. 6%;OR 0. 780, 95% CI 0. 356-1. 709), and life self-care ability (48. 6% vs. 42. 7%;OR 0. 936, 95% CI 0. 441-1. 987) between the 2 groups (al P>0. 05). Conclusions The program of intravenous thrombolysis for the treatment of Chinese patients with acute ischemic stroke with low-dose rtPA is safe and effective.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of mastoparan-1 (MP-1) antagonizing lipopolysaecharide (LPS) in vitro. Methods The affinity of MP-1 for lipid A was assayed by biosensor, and the neutralization of MP-1 on LPS (2 μg/L) was detected by kinetic turbidimetric limulus test. After exposing fluorescin isothiecyanate (FITC) labeled LPS (FITC-LPS) to MP-1 at different concentrations (5, 10, 20, 40 μmol/L), the binding of FITC-LPS to murine RAW264.7 cells was analyzed by laser scanning confocal microscopy. The influence of MP-1 on TLR4 expression in RAW264.7 cells stimulated by LPS (100 μg/L) was detected by immunoeytochemieal staining. The expressions of TLR4, TNF-α and IL-6 at the gene and protein level were detected by RT-PCR and ELISA after exposing LPS (100 μg/ L) stimulated RAW264.7 cells to MP-1 at different concentrations. The effect of MP-1 on the viability of RAW264.7 cells was detected by MTT assay. Results MP-1 had high affinity to lipid A and could neutralize LPS. MP-1 at 10 μmol/L significantly inhibited not only binding of FITC-LPS to RAW264.7 (P < 0.05), but also protein and gene expressions of TLR4, TNF-α and IL-6 in LPS stimulated RAW264.7 cells in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05). No toxic effect of MP-1 on the viability of RAW264.7 cells was found (P > 0.05). Conclusions MP-1 inhibits cell viability mediated by LPS, which may be related to its neutralization of LPS and inhibition of binding of LPS to RAW264.7 cell membrane receptors.

Objective To analyze proton MR spectroscopy (1H-MRS) characteristics of kidney in vivo, and to investigate the changes and applications of metabolites of kidney on 3.0T MR. Methods Fifteen patients with renal cell carcinoma and 50 healthy volunteers underwent single-voxel PRESS sequence MR scan on 3.0T scanner. Results Satisfied spectra of 13 patients and 48 volunteers were obtained. There were four main groups resonance peak: cholesterol and the unsaturated parts of the olefinic region of fatty acids (Chol+Unsat), water, choline metabolites (Cho) and lipids (Lip). The ratio of the Chol+Unsat to Lip was 5-fold lower in renal cell carcinomas group than that in contrast group (F=4.764, P=0.04). Conclusion A number of chemical compounds pertaining to metabolism in kidney can be quantitative analyzed, which may offer assistance for diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma.

Objective To understand the viral etiology of acute respiratory infection in Kunming area. Methods We collected the nasopharyngeal swab of patients with acute respiratory tract infection,and used multiple reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method to detect 15 kinds of respiratory viral pathogens. Results Among the 600 samples,144 strains of viruses were detected, the positive rate was 24%,among which the highest positive rate was RSV (49/600,8.2%),followed by PIV (32/600,5.3%) HRV (27/600,4.5%) and IFV27 (27/600,4.5%) . The respiratory virus infection situation was different in every age group, groups of the highest virus positive rate was ≤1 age group (72/216, 33.3%);The respiratory virus infection situation in different seasons was different, the virus positive rate of the first quarter was the highest (85/144, 59%) . Conclusion RSV was the main virus pathogen of acute respiratory tract infections in Kunming area in 2011 years, the detection rate in sick children was the highest among all patients;the detection rate in the first quarter was higher than other quarters.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect and safety of different thrombolytic therapies for acute cerebral infarction due to occlusion of middle cerebral artery(MCA).MethodsOne hundred and thirty-two cases of acute cerebral infarction in territory of MCA were randomly divided into 3 groups,all of which were treated with alteplase.Group A (48 cases) was treated by intra-venous therapy with alteplase,group B (43 cases) was treated by infusing alteplase at the site of the internal carotid artery,and group C(41 cases) was treated by infusing alteplase into the thrombus.The improvement of neurological function,complications and mortality rate were recorded and statistically compared,with analysis of variance for counting data of normal distribution,x2 test for quantitative data,and the mean difference was significant at the 0.05level.ResultsThe effective rates of group A,B and C at 2 h,24 h,2 w were 18.8％ (9/48),39.6％ ( 19/48),45.8％ (22/48) ;39.5％ (17/43),53.5％ (23/43),58.1％ (25/43) ;78.0％ (32/41),85.4％ (35/41 ),87.8％ (36/41)respectively.The effective rate of group C was obviously better than group A( x2 =12.809,9.979,9.289,P ＜ 0.01 ) and B (x2 =31.295,19.425,17.161,P ＜ 0.01 ) with statistical significance.The effective rate of group B was better than group A at 2 h after thrombolytic therapy with statistical significance (x2 =4.801,P ＜ 0.05 ).The effective rate of group A and B did not have significant difference at 24 h,2 w after therapy ( x2 =1.765,1.375,P ＞ 0.05 ).The hemorrhage rates of group A,B and C were 14.6％ (7/48),14.0％ (6/43),7.3％ (3/41 ),the mortality rates of group A,B and C were 6.2％ (3/48),4.6％ (2/43),2.4％ (1/41),and there was no significant difference among the 3 groups ( x2 =1.328,0.786,P ＞ 0.05 ).ConclusionIt is suggested that the thrombus-imbeded thrombolytic therapy is a better way in treating acute cerebral infraction due to occlusion of MCA for its rapid and better therapeutic effect.