Bilingual teaching is an important method to train international medical students.While the current bottleneck problem is the shortage of teachers during the exploration and practice in bilingual teaching. Proceeding from requirements and current situation of bilingual teachers, the following approaches should be taken to strengthen the teaching stuff construction of bilingual teaching: demonstration teaching, language training infiltrated in clinic job, guiding foreign students, preparing bilingual teaching materials and professional team building.

In the teaching of Medical Microbiology,the writers use problem based learning pattern and traditional teaching methods together to complement each other according to the characteristics of students. They improve the quality of teachers constantly,reform the old methods of teaching and evaluation system in order to improve the students'clinical work ability and train their innovation thoughts.

Colorimetry ; Coloring Agents ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Filtration ; methods ; Food ; Humans ; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ; Mastication ; physiology ; Particle Size ; Time Factors

Yersinia enterocolitica,which is pertaining to pathogenetic Yersinia,is a human and animal pathogen found in most countries of the world.The microorganism is widely distributed in nature in aquatic and animals.It is transmitted through the respiratory tract or digestive tract.The epidemical seasons are mainly autumn and winter.Within a broad spectrum of clinical diseases,gastroenteritis is commonly encountered.To detect Yersinia enterocolitica,molecular biological method is the highest sensitive and special.

Objective:This article has summarized the second generation cognitive screening exam(NCSE) about it's subtests,methods of use,applicability,characteristics and flaws.

Objective In this study,we determined whether or not cancer-reactive cytotoxic T-lymphocytes(CTLs)could be induced from peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)of colon cancer patients by in vitro stimulation with a PAP peptide.Methods The PBMCs of HLA-A24+ colon cancer patients and healthy donors were stimulated with a PAP213-221 peptide in vitro.The PAP-specific IFN-? was measured by ELISA.The cytotoxicity of CTLs were examined by 51Cr release assay.Results IFN-? produced by the PBMCs of 3 of 5 colon cancer patients and 1 of 8 healthy donors after incubation with PAP213-221 peptide pulsed C1R-A2402 cells were significantly higher then that after incubation with HIV peptide pulsed C1R-A2402 cells(P

Objectives: To investigate the significance of CT multi-planar reconstruction of vertebral artery CT angiography(CTA) in C2 pedicle screw placement. Methods: The vertebral artery CTA images of 77 pa-tients were reviewed retrospectively by CT multi-planar reconstruction. The positions in three dimensions were adjusted according to the screw′s ideal direction, and the cross section of the screw passing through the pedicle was displayed based on CT multi-planar reconstruction. A circle was demarcated on the former plane to simulate the cross section of the screw. The diameter of the circle, the accommodation of screw in C2 pedicle, and the positions of the screw related to the vertebral artery were taken into account to assess the feasibility of pedicle screw placement. And meanwhile, the feasibility was assessed by measuring the inner di-ameters of pedicle complex. The results of the two methods were compared. Results: The simulation of place-ment of C2 pedicle screw basing on CT multi-planar reconstruction illustrated the accommodation of screw in C2 and its relationship with surrounding structures. According to this method, 10(13%) cases of left side and 19 (25%) cases of right side could not accommodate the circle with the diameter of 4mm and could not be placed pedicle screw, while operation was unavailable for 12(16%) cases of left side and 20(26%) cases of right side by measurement of inner diameters. The P value of McNamara test was 0.5 in the left and 1 in the right. There was no significant differences between the results of two methods(P>0.05). The result of Kap-pa test was 0.770 in the left and 0.732 in the right, and the P value of the Kappa test in the both sides was 0, which showed good consistency. Conclusions: The simulation of placing pedicle screw in axis basing on CT multi-planar reconstruction can illustrate the screw accommodation in C2 and its relationship with sur-rounding structures, which can provide good reference for the operation.

Objective To understand the protection knowledge and practice to cope with common respiratory infection in senior middle school students in Chengdu ,and to provide basis for carrying out school health education and the establishment intervention model of respiratory infection .Methods A self-administered questionnaire was conducted among 2 237 senior one students in two senior middle schools in Chengdu .Results In terms of basic knowledge of common respiratory diseases ,47 .47% of the students had adequate total awareness scores .Respiratory diseases cognitive knowledge was not comprehensive enough .Especially for the under-standing of certain knowledge ,there was misunderstanding .The awareness rates for prevention of respiratory diseases and the treat-ment of behavior were high ,and they were 87 .54% and 71 .43% ,respectively .Conclusion The senior middle school students in Chengdu have some education demand of respiratory disease ,and schools should strengthen publicity and health education .

Prognosis and treatment of primary Sj?gren′s syndrome with renal tubular acidosis

Objective To study the clinical manifestation,treatment and prognosis of patients with primary Sjgren′s syndrome and renal tubular acidosis.Methods Sixty patients who were diagnosed as pSS complicated with RTA during the last 13 years were retrospectively analyzed and followed up for 7 5 years on average.Results Distal renal tubular acidosis ( n =53,83 3%) was much more frequeut than the proximal one ( n =7,11 7%).Hypokalemic paralysis,diabetes insipitus,and calcification of the renal tissue appeared in 49 patients (92 4%).Glomerular lesions were found in 12 of the 15 patients who underwent kidney biopsy.Renal insufficiency was developed subsequently in 4 out of 5 patients with glomerular sclerosis.Abnormal serum creatinine was detected in 11 patients (18 3%),and in 7 of them it persisted 11 5 years on average after the onset of RTA.Two of them died from renal failure and 1 received hemodialysis.Hypergammaglobulinemia was more obvious in the patients with renal insufficiency than those without ( P