Objective To identify the risk factors for the development of intraoperative hypothermia in the patients undergoing thoracic surgery.Methods One hundred twenty patients of both sexes,aged 23-83 yr,weighing 43-92 kg,of ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,scheduled for elective thoracic surgery,who had an expected surgical duration of more than 2 h,with the core body temperature of 36.0-37.5 ℃,were included.After admission to the operating room,the core body temperature was measured.Intraoperative nasopharyngeal temperature of lower than 36 ℃ was defined as hypothermia.The patients were randomly divided into hypothermia group or non-hypothermia group according to whether or not intraoperative hypothermia occurred.Factors including the patient characteristics,the total amount of fluid infused (including the volume of blood transfused),duration and way of anesthesia and duration and type of surgery were recorded.The risk factors associated with intraoperative hypothermia were identified by logistic regression analysis.Results A total of 94 patients developed hypothermia during surgery,and the incidence of hypothermia was 78.3％.The lowest body temperature was 33.6 ℃.There was significant difference between the two groups in age,duration of surgery,the total amount of fluid infused,and the body temperature when patients were admitted to the operating room.Logistic regression analysis revealed that the total amount of fluid infused＞2 000 ml (OR =3.499) and low body temperature when patients were admitted to the operating room (OR =0.074) were independent risk factors for intraoperative hypothermia in the patients undergoing thoracic surgery.Conclusion The total amount of intravenous fluid infused＞2 000 ml and low body temperature when patients were admitted to the operating room are independent risk factors in the patients undergoing thoracic surgery.

Objective To investigate the expression and characteristics distribution of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) and its receptor during the development of retina of healthy Sprague-Dawley(SD)and Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rats with hereditary retinal degeneration. Methods The expression and distribution of ciliary neurotrophic factor and its receptor were detected by immunohistochemical staining in the retinal paraffin sections of SD and RCS rats from newborn to 12 moths old. Results In the normal retina of SD rats 0-7 days after birth, positive CNTF staining was found in all of the retinal layers and the staining of ganglion cells strengthened and other cells weakened as the age of rats increased; the staining of ganglion cells reached the peak at the 4th week and lasted till the agedness. The same results of the CNTF staining were also found in RCS rats retina. Weak positive staining of CNTFR in all of the retinal layers was seen in the 0-3-day-old SD rats; the ganglion cells were darkly stained and incontinuous positive staining at the site which would develop to be the external segment was found; as the age increased, the positive staining of external segment of photoreceptor enhanced and reached the peak at the 14-28th day after birth. At the 56th day, the staining of ganglion cells in retina of SD rats was strengthened while the staining of external segment weakened till the agedness. The expression of CNTFR in retina of 3-14-day-old RCS rats was the same as which of normal SD rats basically, but the staining of external segment weakened obviously from the 21st day on, and negative staining of external and positive ganglion cells were detected at the 28th day till the agedness. Conclusions Expression of CNTF in normal SD rats and RCS rats with hereditary retinal degeneration is almost the same. The presence of significant difference of expression of CNTFR between normal SD rats retina and RCS rats retina may provide the experimental gist for the CNTF treatment to retinal degeneration.

Objective:To observe influence of preoperative sufentanil delayed preconditioning (SPC) on perioperative cogni‐tive function and myocardial protection effect in patients undergoing on -pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OP‐CABG) .Methods:A total of 60 patients undergoing selective OPCABG were randomly and equally divided into sufentanil group (SPC group) and routine treatment control group (control group) ,blood sample was collected before operation ,1h , 6h ,12h ,24h and 48h after aorta declamping to measure level of cardiac troponin I (cTnT );and all patients received neu‐ropsychological assessment before and 7d after operation .Results:Compared with control group ,there was significant re‐ductions in serum cTnI levels [1h:(23.66 ± 3.15) ng/ml vs .(14.96 ± 2.13) ng/ml] in sufentanil group from 1h after aor‐ta declamping to 48h after CABG ,P<0.05 all .The inotropic agent usage score on 12h ,24h and 48h after entering ICU of sufentanil group was significantly lower than that of control group [12h:(6.4 ± 0.6) scores vs .(8.4 ± 0.6) scores] , P<0.05 all .Incidence rate of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in sufentanil group was significantly lower than that of control group (13.3% vs .30.0% ,P=0.041) .Conclusion:Preoperative sufentanil delayed preconditioning posses‐ses myocardial protection effect , and reduce incidence rate of cognitive dysfunction so also possesses certain brain protection in patients undergoing on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting .

Objective To systematically review the efficacy and safety of solifenacin in the treatment of patients with bladder spasm after transurethral resection of prostate based on current evidence.Methods We searched Pubmed,EMbase,the Cochrane Library,CBM,CNKI,VIP and Wanfang Database from the establishment to October 2016 for the published literature on the treatment of patients with bladder spasm after transurethral resection of prostate with solifenacin.Two reviewers independently screened literature,extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies.Then,meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software.Results A total of 11 RCTs involving 621 patients were included.The results of meta-analysis showed that:compared with the no-solifenacin group(n=311),the numbers of bladder spasm episodes[MD=-1.38,95%CI(-1.97,-0.97)P<0.00001],duration of bladder spasm[MD=-0.26,95%CI(-0.41,-0.11),P=0.0008],the time of bladder perfusion clearance[MD=-0.59,95%CI(-0.88,-0.29),P<0.0001],indwelling catheter delivery[MD=-0.29,95%CI(-0.48,-0.11),P=0.09]in solifenacin group(n=310) reduced significantly,and there was no statistical difference in the incidence of overall adverse events between the two groups[RR=0.71,95%CI(0.17,2.98),P=0.64].Conclusion Current evidence indicates that solifenacin is more effective and safe in the treatment of patients with bladder spasm after transurethral resection of prostate.Due to the limited quantity and quality of the include studies,more high quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.

To evaluate the neuroprotective effect of nerve growth factor ( NGF ) on acute angle-closure glaucoma patients after trabeculetomy.METHODS: Patients with viral keratitis who underwent trabeculectomy in treatment of acute angle - closure glaucoma in Xiamen Eye Center of Xiamen University from December 2011 to October 2013 were selected and completed the treatment, 61 eyes of 45 cases were followed up. The treatment group of 23 cases (32 eyes) with acute angle-closure glaucoma patients were treated by NGF gel for 3mo after trabeculetomy, while in the control group 22 cases (29 eyes) were treated by normal saline replaced NGF. All patients were followed up for at least 12mo, visual acuity, perimetry, retinal nerve fiber layer ( RNFL) thickness and cup/disc ratio of the patients were followed up during the treatment. The safety of topical use of NGF gel was also evaluated.RESULTS:ln all patients, the intraocular pressure ( lOP) was successfully controlled under 21mmHg and the visual acuity was markedly increased in the affected eye after trabeculectomy. Compared with control group, the postoperative lOP and visual acuity had no significant differences in treatment group (P>0. 05). The average light sensitivity of perimetry and mean defect were better than that in control group postoperative 6 and 12mo; The results of optical coherent tomography ( OCT ) and Heiderburg Retina Tomography ( HRT )-Ⅲ showed that RNFL thickness was significantly greater than that in control group, while cup/disc ratio significantly less than that in control group postoperative 6 and 12mo. Ocular surface damage, corneal endothelium to reduce and other eye complication were no observed in treatment group.CONCLUSlON:Acute angle-closure glaucoma treated by NGF gel after operation is effective and safe.

This study aimed to analyze the effect of the external method of tonifying kidney and promoting blood circulation on endometrial morphology of rats with kidney deficiency and blood stasis model. A total of 50 normal healthy unmated female SD rats of proestrus were selected with vaginal smear. Rats were randomly divided into the blank group, model group, high dose group and low dose group with the prescription of tonifying kidney and promoting blood circulation and theWu-Zi (WZ) group. Except the blank group, intragastric administration of hydroxyurea was given to other group to establish the kidney deficiency model. Meanwhile, clyster of distilled water was given to the blank group and the model group. And clyster of high dose and low dose prescription of tonifying kidney and promoting blood circulation was given to the high dose and low dose group, respectively. The intragastric administrations ofWu-Zi Yan-Zong(WZYZ) pills were given to theWu-Zi (WZ) group. On the 4th day of pregnancy, 10% of the macromolecule dextran was quickly injected to the caudal vein to induce blood stasis model 1 hour after the last medication administration. The uterus tissue section was observed by HE dyeing. The results showed that the thickness of covering epithelium of endometrium in the model group was lower than the blank group (P < 0.05). There were significant differences on the thickness of covering epithelium of endometrium in the high dose group and low dose group with the prescription of tonifying kidney and promoting blood circulation, the WZ group and the model group (P < 0.01). The sum of gland number and gland area as well as the maximum diameter / minimum diameter of the model group was significantly lower than that of the blank group (P< 0.05, orP < 0.01). The shape factor was the closest to “1”, which had significant difference compared with the blank group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the sum of gland number and glandular lumen of the high dose and low dose group were increased at different levels (P < 0.05, orP < 0.01). The sum of gland number, glandular lumen area, shape factor, and maximum diameter / minimum diameter of WZ group had significant difference compared with the model group (P < 0.05, orP < 0.01). The sum of interstitial cells’ nucleus area, integral optical density of interstitial cells’ nucleus and number of interstitial blood vessels in the high dose and low dose group were significantly higher compared to the model group (P < 0.05, orP < 0.01). The sum of interstitial cells’ nucleus area and the integral optical density of interstitial cells’ nucleus in the WZ group were obviously higher than the model group (P < 0.01). It was concluded that the external method of tonifying kidney and promoting blood circulation can effectively improve the endometrial morphology of kidney-deficiency and blood-stasis rat model, promote the synchronous development of endometrial gland and stroma, in order to play a role to improve the endometrial receptivity.

Objective: To explore the personality traits, emotions, and cognitive factors related to the trends of computer game addiction and cyber-relationship addiction. Methods: 184 college students in Beijing filled up the following questionnaires, including Computer Game Addiction Inventory (CGAI), Internet Relationship Addiction Inventory (IRDI), Sensation Seeking Scale (SSS), Achievement Motivation Scale, Self-Esteem Scale (SES), Shame Scale, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-R Short Scale(EPQ-RSC), and cognition questionnaire developed by the authors. Results: ① The trend of computer game addiction was positively correlated with sensation seeking, achievement motivation, the negative evaluation on oneself and environment in inter-personal relationships, and the positive evaluation on one's intelligence (P

Objective To observe effects of electro-acupuncture (EA) on the expression of apoptosis related protein B-cell lymphoma/leukemia gene 2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-associated protein X (Bax) in the hippoeampal CA1 region of rats with cerebral infarction,and on their behavior. MethodsAn animal model of cerebral ischemia was established by right side middle cerebral artery occlusion using thread in 48 male,adult Wistar rats,who were then randomly divided equally into an EA group and a control group.Both groups were sub-divided into 1 week,2 weeks and 3 weeks subgroups.The EA group began receiving EA 24h after the occlusion,applied at the Baihui (DU20) and Dazhui (BU14) points,once daily,for one,two or three weeks.The control group was reared conventionally and was not given any special treatment.The rats'learning and memory,motion and neural function were evaluated.The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in the CA1 region of the hippocampus on the infarcted side and changes of apoptosis indexes were detected using immunohistochemical techniques.ResultsThe learning,memory,motion and neural function of the EA group rats were better on average than those of the control group at all observation time points.The expression of Bcl-2 protein increased along with reduced expression of Bax protein in the EA group significantly more than among the controls.TUNEL positive cells in the CA1 region of the hippocampus were reduced significantly in the EA group compared with the control group.ConclusionsBehavioral ability after cerebral infarction can be improved by EA at the Baihui (DU20) and Dazhui (BU14) points.EA can up-regulate the expression of Bcl-2 and down-regulate the expression of Bax and reduce TUNEL positive cells in the CA1 region of the hippocampus after cerebral infarction,which might be the mechanism of its neuroprotection.

Objective: To analyze the association of thrombocytosis with the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer.Methods: The clinical materials of 782 patients with gastric cancer who underwent initial surgery in our hospital between January 1995 and December 1999 were retrospectively analyzed.Kaplan- Meier and Log-Rank test were used to analyze the data.Prognostic factors were analyzed by multivariate Cox proportional hazards model.Results: Thrombocytosis oc-curred in 11.4% (87/782) patients.The platelet level was not significantly different among patients of different gender, tumor stage, and histological differentiation (P>0.05).However, a significant difference was observed in the platelet level among patients with different age and surgical approach (P<0.05).The 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 75.0%, 40.1% and 28.9% in patients without thrombocytosis and 52.8%, 16.9%, and 13.5% in patients with thrombocytosis (P=0.002).Univari-ate analysis showed that histological differentiation, pathological stage, surgical approach and thrombocytosis significantly affected the survival of patients.While age and gender had no significant impact on patient survival.Multivariate analysis showed that pathological stage, surgical approach, and thrombocytosis were independent prognostic factors for gastric can-cer.The relative risk of death of patients with thrombocytosis was elevated by 1.454 times (RR=1.454, 95% CI: 1.135～1.861, P=0.005).Conclusion: Thrombocytosis is an independent prognostic indicator for the survival of initially treated pa-tients with gastric cancer.