At the time of phage’s discovery, phage therapy was regarded as a possible treatment method against bacterial infection. Although phage therapy was used to treat and prevent bacterial infection in the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, it was abandoned by the West in the 1940s with the arrival of the antibiotic era. However, the ongoing evolution of bacterial multidrug-resistance has recently motivated the Western scientific community to reevaluate phage therapy for bacterial infections that are incurable by conventional chemotherapy. With the indepth study of phages, it’s increasingly acknowledged that phages, as the medicine to cure bacterial infection, are convenient, safe and efficient therapeutics. This paper summarizes the recent years’ advanced researches in this area.

Objective In order to increase the operation coverage of high-frequency (HF) RFID reader without increasing the power output, a novel RFID antenna for multi-drawer intelligent medicine-chest are proposed. Using this antenna, the RFID tags on medicine can be read effectively. Methods Several small antenna coils can be combined in series or parallel connection to make a more efficient RFID reader antenna. The use of small coil will be helpful to eliminate the blind spot of RFID reader with large coil antenna. Results The medicine-chest's size is 58 cm?50 cm?62 cm3, which includes two or three layers. We design four combined small antenna coils to cover the drawer. The test result shows that the antenna read region is about 54 cm?48 cm?30 cm, all RFID tags in the medicine-chest drawer bottom and most RFID tags in the drawer top can be read. Conclusion The multi-drawer coil antenna designed can effectively recognize the RFID tags in medicine-chest. It has a wide application prospect.

Objective To investigate the effects of ketamine combined with electroconvulsive shock (ECS) on inflammation and amyloid-beta peptide in hippocampus of depressive rats.Methods Chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) was used to generate animal models of depression.Forty-eight adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=12):depression model group (group D),electroconvulsive shock group (group DE),ketamine combined with electroconvulsive shock group (group DKE),and ketamine group (group DK).Rats in group D received sham ECS treatment;rats in group DE received ECS treatment;rats in group DKE were given intraper-itoneal injection of ketamine (100 mg/kg) and then received ECS treatment;rats in group DK were given intraperitoneal injection of ketamine (100 mg/kg) and then received sham ECS treatment.Morris water maze was used to assess the memory abilities of rats.The expression levels of IL-1β and TNF-α were measured by real-time PCR.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to detect the levels of soluble Aβ.Results Before the administration of ECS or ketamine treatment,there was no significant difference in the escape latencies and space exploration time between the 4 groups (P>0.05).After the ECS and ketamine treatment,rats of group DKE exhibited a shorter escape latencies and a longer space exploration time,and the expression of IL-1β and TNF-α mRNA were down-regulated while the concentration of Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42 were increased compared with group DE with significant difference (P<0.05).Conclusion Ketamine can alleviate ECS-induced learning and memory impairments in depressive rats.This cognition-protecting effect of ketamine may be attributed to its suppression of ECS-induced neuroinflammation and decrease of the levels of soluble Aβ in the hippocampus of depressive rats.

Objective To observe the efficacy of bloodletting therapy plus narrow band ultraviolet B (NB-UVB) in treating prurigo nodularis.Method According to the randomized controlled principle, the enrolled patients were divided into a treatment group and a control group. The treatment group was intervened by bloodletting cupping at the selected acupoints and the topical areas plus NB-UVB once every other day; the control group was by orally taking Mizolastine sustained release tablets and external application of Halometasone cream.Result The total effective rate was 85.7% in the treatment group versus 61.9% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01).Conclusion Bloodletting therapy plus NB-UVB can produce a content efficacy in treating prurigo nodularis, with few adverse reactions.

Aged ; Diastole ; Female ; Humans ; Tachycardia, Ectopic Atrial ; physiopathology ; therapy

Objective To study the cause and treatment of chronic instability of the elbow.Methods Between August 1998 and August 2002,12 patients with chronic instability of the elbow were treated in our de- partment:They underwent complete medical check-ups and imaging examinations.Surgical exploration was done to determine the causes of their conditions.Their radial and(or)ulnar collateral ligaments were repaired respectively or simultaneously through the medial and lateral approaches for all the patients.All the patients were followed up for two to six years,with an average of three years.Results The follow-ups revealed no recurrent dislocation of elbow in this group.The stress valgus test and lateral pivot shift test(PST)were negative for all the patients.No elbow pain occurred.The mean flexion and extension of elbow ranged from 0 to 135?.The mean pronation was 85?and mean supination 80?.According the evaluation system of Chinese Medical Association,eight cases were rated as excellent and four as fine,with the excellent and fine rate of 100%.Conclusions Lesions of radial and(or) ulnar collateral ligaments are the major cause for chronic instability of the elbow.Surgical reconstruction of the collateral ligaments can obtain good effects in treatment of recurrent dislocation of the elbow.

Objective To investigate the correlation of p16 gene and p21 gene expression abnormal- ity with the prognosis of bladder carcinoma.Methods Using the search terms“bladder neoplasm”,“prognosis”,“p16”or“p21”,the literature on the correlation of p16 gene and p21 gene expression abnor- mality with the prognosis of bladder carcinoma were searched from MEDLINE database,PubMed database, CBMdisc and China Academic Periodical database,and were evaluated by Meta-analysis with Dersimonian- Laird model.Results A total of 19 trials involving 1584 patients(positive rate of 40.4%)were identi- fied,including 12 trials of 975 patients(positive rate of 37.4%)on p16 gene expression abnormality and 7 trials of 609 patients(positive rate of 45.4%)on p21 gene expression abnormality.The combined relative hazard(RH)of p16 gene expression abnormality on the prognosis of bladder carcinoma,p21 gene expression abnormality on the prognosis of bladder carcinoma and both p16 gene and p21 gene expression abnormality on the prognosis of bladder carcinoma was 3.70(95% CI,3.42-3.99),3.01(95% CI,2.81-3.21)and 3.18(95% CI,3.01-3.35),respectively.Conclusions Both p16 gene and p21 gene expression abnor- malities are biomarkers for poor prognosis of bladder carcinoma.The detection of these biomarkers may be helpful in making the treatment strategy.

BACKGROUND:Based on the original advantages of silk fibroin, positive charged water-soluble chitosan modified silk fibroin is modified on surface and could improve celladhesion on the scaffolds. OBJECTIVE:To verify the biocompatibility of chitosan-modified silk fibroin with human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs), and feasibility of constructing tissue engineered adipose in vitro. METHODS:The hADSCs at passage 3 were seeded on chitosan-modified silk fibroin at the concentration of 1×107/L, as the experiment group;at the same cellconcentration, hADSCs were seeded in 96-wel plates as the control group. MTT tests were performed to evaluate the adhesion, growth and proliferation of hADSCs on chitosan-modified silk fibroin. Then hADSCs were implanted on the chitosan-modified silk fibroin scaffolds at the concentration of 1×109/L. The hADSCs seeded onto chitosan-modified silk fibroin complexes were respectively cultured with adipogenic differentiation medium and ordinary high-glucose DMEM. The complexes were stained with oil red O, and detected with RT-PCR after cultured 14 days. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The hADSCs adhered to and proliferated on the scaffolds. After cultured with adipogenic differentiation medium for 14 days, oil red O staining demonstrated that there were amount of mature adipocytes on the scaffold. The peroxisome proliferator activated receptorγ2 was positively expressed. The chitosan-modified silk fibroin possessed excellent biocompatibility in vitro. The co-cultured hADSCs could be induced to mature adipocytes successful y.

Objective To explore the changes of cardiomyocytes apoptosis in the effect of irhesartan and imidapril on regressing cardiac hypertrophy in spontaneous hypertensive rat (SHR), and its mechanism. Methods Thirty 13-week-old SHR were randomly divided into three groups: SHR positive control group, irhesartan treated group(50 mg ?kg-1 ?day -1 ) , imidapril treated group(3 mg ?kg -1 ?day-1 ), and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats(WKY) as controls. Blood pressure of rats were monitored periodically. After 15 weeks, all rats were killed and left ventricle weight(LVW) were measured, plasma and myocardium angiotensin Ⅱ concentrations were examined by radioimmunoassay. Then the changes of cardiomyocytes apoptosis using in situ TDT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling(Tunel) were studied. Results Blood pressure, LVW, AngⅡ level of plasma and left ventricle were higher in SHR than those in WKY(P

Objective To investigate the effects of ATP1A1 knockdown by RNA interference(RNAi) on proliferation of human U251 glioma stem cells .Methods The human U251 glioma stem cells were infected with lentivirus expressing ATP1A1-shRNA . The mRNA and protein expressions of ATP1A1 in U251 glioma stem cells were detected by RT-qPCR and Western blotting ,re-spectively .The cell cycle and apoptosis were evaluated by flow cytometry .The proliferation of U251 glioma stem cells was deter-mined by MTT assay .Results The expressions of ATP1A1 in U251 glioma stem cells transfected with ATP1A1-shRNA were in-hibited significantly at both mRNA and protein levels ,with an inhibitory rate of 84 .15% for ATP1A1 mRNA and of 55 .33% for ATP1A1 protein respectively .The proliferation of cells was inhibited ,the cell apoptotic rate was significantly increased and the cell cycle was arrested in G1 phase and S phase decreased significantly in ATP1A1-shRNA cells(P<0 .05) .Conclusion RNAi targe-ting ATP1A1 gene could down-regulates the ATP1A1 expression ,induces cell apoptosis ,regulates cell phase redistribution and in-hibits cell proliferation in U 251 glioma stem cells .