Microbial keratitis is one of major causes of vision loss and blindness worldwide today,especially in developing countries in Asia and Africa.Population-based annual incidence of microbial keratitis is 0.36/10000 to 79.9 /104.The epidemiological features and predisposing factors for microbial keratitis varies significantly from country to country,even from region to region within the same country.The progress of research on describing epidemiological characteristics demographiccharacteristics andpredisposing factors of microbialkeratitiswere reviewed in this paper.

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical efficaly and safety of Tiepi Fengdou Granule (TFG) and Capsule (TFC) combined with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy in treating lung cancer patients with Qi-Yin asthenia syndrome (QYAS).

METHODSEighty patients were randomly assigned into 3 groups: the TFG group (32 cases), the TFC group (32 cases) and the Shengmai Capsule control group (16 cases). Changes of symptoms of QYAS, main symptoms of lung cancer, Karnofsky scoring as well as the blood routine test were observed.

RESULTSThe total effective rate of symptom improving in the TFG group and the TFC group was 81.2% and 93.3% respectively, showing insignificant difference between the 2 groups (P > 0.05), but both were higher than that in the Shengmai Capsule control group (50.0%, P < 0.05 and P < 0.01). Additionally, as compared with those before treatment, the neutrophil count increased and the lymphocytes count obviously decreased in the TFC group after treatment (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONBoth dose-forms of the remedies, TFC and TFG, have significant effects in treating lung cancer with QYAS, but with insignificant difference between them.

Adult ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Karnofsky Performance Status ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; radiotherapy ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Middle Aged ; Phytotherapy ; Qi ; Yin Deficiency ; drug therapy

Human erythropoietin receptor (hEPOR) plays an important role in regulating the red blood cell production by promoting the proliferation and differentiation of RBC from erythroid precursors, hEpoR is a transmembrane protein, and its extrocellular domain (sEpoR) is of great importance in Epo signal transduction pathway. We cloned the gene of sEpoR by RT-PCR from the total RNA of human fetal liver and expressed it in E. coli after insertion of the gene in the expression vector pBV220. The cloned gene was confirmed by sequencing analysis and gene product was confirmed by both Western blot and its first 11 amino acid residues sequence of the N-terminal. In vitro bioassay showed that the purified gene product can repress the growth of TF-cells in the presence of Epo.

Aged ; Female ; Histiocytoma, Malignant Fibrous ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Spleen ; chemistry ; pathology ; surgery ; Splenectomy ; Splenic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Vimentin ; metabolism

Objective:To establish the test method for histamine-like substances in pirarubicin. Methods:According to the meth-od described in the appendix of Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2010 edition), the test for histamine-like substances was carried out. Re-sults:The test for histamine-like substances had no interference under the condition with pirarubicin concentration of 0. 01mg·ml-1 . The established test method for histamine-like substances in pirarubicin was applied in 10 samples, and the results were accordant with those of the test method for depressor substances. Conclusion:The test method for histamine-like substances in pirarubicin is feasible with the limit of 1 μg·mg-1 .

Follow-Up Studies ; Forearm ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Melanoma ; congenital ; surgery ; Skin Neoplasms ; congenital ; surgery

OBJECTIVEEffects of ginsenoside Rb1, Rg1 and Re on neurotrophic factor signal transduction pathway using liposome-mediated transfection of eukaryotic cells approach.

METHODThe injury model was established by treating SH-SY5Y cells with 0.6 mmol x L(-1) of corticosterone (CORT) by 24 h. SH-SY5Y cell were pretreated with CORT for 30 min followed by co-treated with 120,60 and 20 micromol x L(-1) of Rb1, 120, 80 and 40 micromol x L(-1) of Rg1 and 120, 80 and 40 micromol x L(-1) of Re for 24 h. Cells viability was determined by Cell Counting Kit (CCK) assay. CREB expressing Luciferase reporter gene was constructed and transfected with plasmid containing hRaf, hcAMP, hAkt, hCaMK gene into human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells using liposornal transfection reagent lipofection 2000. The expression of CREB before and after it addion of Rb1, Rg1 and Re was examined by Luc assay system and Western blotting.

RESULTCompared with normal control group, CORT significantly decreased the viability of SH-SY5Y cells to 67.21% (P < 0.01). CCK results show that Rb1 (60 micromol x L(-1)), Rg1 (80 micromol x L(-1)) and Re (80 micromol x L(-1)) on SH-SY5Y cells have significant protective effect (P < 0.01). Lucassay and Western blotting results show that the gene and protein levels of CREB increased significantly through the pathway of Raf and Akt with Rb1 and Rg1 (P < 0.01), Re can increase significantly the gene and protein levels of CREB through the pathway of Raf and CaMK II.

CONCLUSIONRb1, Rg1 and Re protects SH-SY5Y cells from CORT-induced damage and the neuroprotective mechanism may be associated with the Raf-CREB, Akt-CREB and CaMK II -CREB pathways.

Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein ; genetics ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Genes, Reporter ; Ginsenosides ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Panax ; chemistry ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; genetics ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; raf Kinases ; genetics ; metabolism

AlM: To explore the different ages of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction in infants, take different treatment methods at different times.
METHODS:The 87 cases of 102 children were divided into three different age groups: the first group of 25d-3mo of age 21 cases 26 eyes; The second group >3mo-7mo 31 cases 36 eyes;The third group >7-24mo of age 35 cases 40 eyes. For the first group of infants, the implementation of the lacrimal sac nasolacrimal duct massage + eye drops; for the second group of infants, carry lacrimal pressure washing treatment; for the third group of infants, the implementation of the nasolacrimal duct probing treatment.
RESULTS: The first group of children through the nasolacrimal duct sac massage + drops tobramycin eye drops treatment unobstructed 12, the cure rate was 46. 2%;The second group of children through pressurized irrigation treatment lacrimal patency by 33, the cure rate was 91. 7%; The third group of children through the nasolacrimal duct probing unobstructed 36 treatment, the cure rate was 90. 0%. The second and third group were better than the first group (χ2=15. 71, P<0. 01;χ2=15. 27, P<0. 01);the treatment effect of the second and third groups was no significant difference (χ2=0. 02, P>0. 05).
CONCLUSlON:lnfants with congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction should distinguish between ages, taking different treatments, in order to obtain a better therapeutic effect, and lacrimal pressure washing is the preferred way of treating infants with congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction.

This paper aims to investigate the regulatory mechanism of blood-activating and stasis-dissipating drugs on fecal metabolic characteristics of rhubarb-peach kernel in mice with adenomyosis (AM) using fecal metabolome method. Adenomyosis was modeled by pituitary transplantation, and after the end of modeling administration, fecal samples were collected from mice. Non-targeted metabolomics studies were performed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to compare the metabolic characteristics of the feces of mice in each group and to find intestinal differential metabolites and potential differential metabolic pathways. The results showed that compared with the normal group, 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan, histidine, L-acetylcarnitine, 16-hydroxy hexadecanoic acid, thromboxane B₂, etc. were significantly up-regulated, L-urobilin and prostaglandin D₃ were down-regulated in the feces of the model group, and were reversed after treatment with the rhubarb-peach kernel. The results of metabolic pathway enrichment analysis showed that tryptophan metabolism and histidine metabolism were the main intervention pathways of the rhubarb-peach kernel on AM intestinal metabolism. This study found that the underlying mechanism of the rhubarb-peach kernel in the treatment of AM is related to the intervention of intestinal metabolism of tryptophan, histidine, bile acid, choline and arachidonic acid, and the regulation of pro-inflammatory microenvironment and fatty acid metabolic homeostasis. This study has been approved by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of China Three Gorges University (No. 20190801).

AIM: To explore the risk factors of xerophthalmia after cataract surgery in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and to construct a risk prediction model.METHODS: A total of 212 patients(212 eyes)with type 2 diabetes who underwent cataract surgery in our hospital from April 2019 to April 2021 were selected. The patients were divided into dry eye group(43 cases, 43 eyes)and non-xerophthalmia eye(169 cases, 169 eyes). The general data, laboratory examination index and quality of life score of the two groups were compared; multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of postoperative xerophthalmia; constructed a line chart prediction model and evaluated its prediction accuracy. RESULTS: There were significant differences in the history of keratoconjunctival disease, pterygium, meibomian gland dysfunction, lens nucleus hardness, disease cognition, postoperative anxiety, postoperative depression, surgical incision, medication compliance, and the levels of interleukin-1β(IL-1β), interleukin-6(IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and HbA1c at 1wk after operation between the two groups(P<0.05). The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that postoperative anxiety, postoperative depression, 3.0mm of surgical incision, IL-1β>31.26ng/mL, IL-6>29.42ng/mL, TNF-α>77.68ng/mL and HbA1c≥6.50% were risk factors for postoperative xerophthalmia(P<0.05). The calibration curve and standard curve of the nomogram prediction model were fit well, and the prediction probabilities were mostly distributed around 0 and 1, with high accuracy.The visual function evaluation, environmental trigger factors, ocular discomfort symptoms and ocular surface disease index(OSDI)score in the dry eye group was significantly higher than those in the non-xerophthalmia group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Surgical incision, postoperative anxiety, depression, medication compliance, serum inflammatory factors and HbA1c are all related to xerophthalmia after cataract surgery in patients with type 2 diabetes. Early identification of risk factors and timely intervention are helpful to reduce the incidence of postoperative xerophthalmia and improve the quality of life.