Five hundred elderly patients with ischemic stroke admitted from January 2008 to December 2010 were enrolled in the study,including 352 recurrent cases and 148 primary cases.There was a positive correlation of stroke recurrence with age,blood pressure,blood glucose and lipid levels,smoking and alcohol consumption of patients(P ＜0.05 ); while the stroke recurrence was negatively correlated with physical exercise(P ＜ 0.05).Stepwise multiple regression analysis indicated that the blood pressure,blood glucose and lipid levels were risk factors for the recurrence of ischemic stroke in elderly patients.

Objective To analyze quality of life (QOL) and its related factors in community middle-aged and aged people with osteoporosis (OP). Methods A total of 152 OP patients in one community in Shanghai were surveyed and their QOL was evaluated with a questionnaire integrated with the QUALEFFO-41 questionnaire. Factors were analyzed using a Kruskal-Wallis test and stepwise multiple regression. Results The QOL scores of these middle-aged and aged people with OP were generally low (62.58 + 14.06). Age, education level, milk intake, a history of fractures or illness, OP grade and menopause time were significant factors predicting QOL scores. Stepwise multiple regression indicated that fractures, illness, education level and menostasis time had a linear relationship with QOL. Conclusion The key points in improving the QOL of middle-aged and aged people with OP in the community are health education, early diagnosis and comprehensive treatment.

One hundred and twenty stroke patients were randomly divided into rehabilitation group (n =60) and control group (n =60).Patients were assessed with National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) ,Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA),Bathel Index (BI) and World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment Instrument Brief Version(WHOQOL-BREF) before and 6 weeks after treatment by the same doctor.The scores of NIHSS,FMA,BI and WHOQOL-BREF were improved significantly in rehabilitation group after treatment; while those of control group were no improved.The scores after treatment of rehabilitation group were significantly higher than those of control group ( P ＜ 0.05 ).

Objective To explore the prospects for applying a brain-computer interface system in the reha-bilitation of dyskinesia by testing the brain-electricity signals of spinal cord injury patients and stroke patients during motor imagery. Methods The brain-electricity signals of 5 healthy people, 4 spinal cord injury patients and 2 stroke patients were tested during motor imagery, and the results were analyzed with a computer. Results All of the 5 healthy people showed event-related synchronization and desynchronization (ERS/ERD) in the α and β bands in the motor related cortex. Three of the 4 spinal cord injury patents showed similar characteristics, and 1 showed ob-vious and stable characteristics, but the 2 stroke patients did not show meaningful characteristics. Conclusions Spinal cord injury patients have brain-electrlcity characteristics similar to those of healthy people when they are expe-riencing motor imagery, whilst in the affected hemisphere of stroke patients the brain-electricity characteristics are not similar to those of healthy people.

Objective To identify the therapeutic effect and safety of mini -percutaneous nephrolithotomy combined with antegrade modular flexible ureteroscope for the treatment of staghorn stone.Methods The clinical data of 116 patients with staghorn calculi who underwent mini -percutaneous nephrolithotomy combined with antegrade modular flexible ureteroscope were retrospectively analyzed.Of the 116 patients,63 cases were men,53 cases were women .Age ranged from 2 5 to 6 7 years .The diameter ofcalculi ranged from 4 6 to 9 8 (mean =4 6 )mm .There were 63 large complete staghorn renal calculi in these patients.Results All procedures were performed successfully using a single lithotripsy tract.The mean surgical time was (125.4 ±30.0)minutes.The initial stone -free rate was 81.03%(94 /116).Twenty -two cases had several residual calculi from 12 to 25mm.Post -procedure complications included hemorrhage in 9 patients,fever(>38.5 ℃)in four patients,and reactive pleural effusion in one patient. Blood loss requiring transfusion,sepsis,adjacent organ injury and kidney loss were not observed.Conclusion Mini -percutaneous nephrolithotomy combined with antegrade modular flexible ureteroscope has good therapeutic effect in treating renal staghorn calculi,since the technique in treating the renal staghorn calculi makes the operation period shorter,the rate of stone -free higher,the operation wounds smaller,the rate of complication lower,the rate of surrounding organ injury less.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the expression of CC chemokine ligand 5(CCL5)and S100 calcium binding protein A4 (S100A4)protein in breast cancer tissues with clinicopathological features and prognosis.Methods The expression of CCL5 and S100A4 in 40 cases of normal breast tissues and 120 cases of breast cancer were detected by immunohistochemistry,and the relationship between the degree of expres-sion and the clinicopathological features and prognosis of breast cancer was analyzed.Results The expression posi-tive rates of CCL5 and S100A4 in breast cancer tissues were 56.67% and 62.50% respectively,which were not expressed in normal breast tissues,and the differences were statistically significant (χ2CCL5 =39.403,P <0.01;χ2S100A4 =47.062,P <0.01).The expression of CCL5 in breast cancer tissues was statistically correlated with clinical staging(χ2 =10.141,P <0.01 ),pathological type (χ2 =5.769,P =0.017)and lymph node metastasis (χ2 =34.178,P <0.01),but not correlated with patients'age,tumor size,pathological grading(all P >0.05 ).And the expression of S100A4 was statistically correlated with clinical staging(χ2 =44.311,P <0.01)and lymph node metas-tasis(χ2 =14.843,P <0.01 ),but not correlated with patients'age,tumor size,pathological type and pathological grading(all P >0.05).The expression of CCL5 and S100A4 in breast cancer was positively correlated(r =0.301, P <0.01).CCL5 was positively correlated with the recurrence of breast cancer(OR =6.270,P <0.01),and S100A4 was not correlated with the recurrence of breast cancer(OR =1.103,P =0.768).Survival analysis showed that the disease -free survival time of patients with positive CCL5 expression was significantly shorter than the patients with negative CCL5 expression(χ2 =11.851,P <0.01 ),and the disease -free survival time of patients with positive S100A4 expression was significantly shorter than the patients with negative S100A4 expression(χ2 =5.433,P =0.021).The joint detection showed that the disease -free survival time in CCL5(+)+S100A4(+)group was sig-nificantly lower than that of CCL5(+)or S100A4(+)group(χ2 =15.341,P <0.01)and CCL5 (-)+S100A4 (-)group(χ2 =15.341,P <0.01).Conclusion The expression of CCL5 and S100A4 in breast cancer can reflect the metastasis and staging of breast cancer,which can be used to judge the clinical pathological characteristics and prognosis of breast cancer.

Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of pleasant events among community-dwelling dementia patients. Methods Totally 266 community-dwelling dementia patients were recruited from Bei-jing,Guangzhou and Tianjin,and were investigated with the Chinese-version Pleasant Events Schedule-AD(PES-AD). Results The overall score of PES-AD was (14.0±6.7). The factor scores from high to low were sensory stimulation activities(0.9±0.5),family activities(0.8±0.5),emotional stimulation activities(0.8±0.4) and autonomy activities(0.6± 0.5). Multiple linear regression showed that the severity of disease,without chronic disease,educational level of de-mentia patients and their caregivers were significant influencing factors of pleasant events,which explained 41.1% of the total variance. Conclusion Sensory stimulation activities of community-dwelling dementia patients were relatively satisfactory,followed by family activities and emotional stimulation activities,but autonomy activities were relatively unsatisfactory. It is suggested to choose appropriate pleasant activities according to the severity of disease for de-mentia patients to improve their quality of life.

Objective:To study the preventive effect of Sanguisorba officinalis on renal fibrosis by observing the influence of San-guisorba officinalis tannins extract (STE) on the proliferation of human renal epithelia (HK-2) induced by transforming growth factor-β1 ( TGF-β1 ) . Methods:HK-2 cells were cultured in DMEM medium with high glucose containing 10% fetal bovine serum. The cul-tured cells were divided into 5 groups, including the blank control group, TGF-β1 group (5 ng· ml-1 TGF-β1), intervention group 1 (5 ng·ml-1 TGF-β1 +12. 5μg·ml-1 STE), intervention group 2 (5 ng·ml-1 TGF-β1 +25μg·ml-1 STE) and intervention group 3(5 ng·ml-1 TGF-β1 +50 μg·ml-1 STE). The changes of cell morphology were observed under an inverted microscope and the in-fluence of SET on the cell proliferation was detected by CCK8 assay. Results: TGF-β1 could significantly induce the proliferation of HK-2 and promote the cell fibrosis with significant difference when compared with the control group (P<0. 05). However, after trea-ted with STE, the cell proliferation was inhibited obviously (P<0. 05) and the cells morphology tended to be normal in a dose-depend-ent manner. Conclusion:STE can inhibit the proliferation of HK-2 and prevent renal fibrosis to some extent.

A total of 120 patients with initial stroke at a community health service center in Shanghai from January 2009 to March 2011 were divided randomly into intervention group (n =60) and control group (n =60).Individual comprehensive rehabilitation was carried out based on the evaluations in the intervention group.Routine therapy was given to the patients in the control group.General data evaluations were conducted at pre-intervention and 1 year post-intervention respectively.The levels of blood pressure,blood glucose and blood lipid(LDL-C) were all lower in the intervention group than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).The rates of proper behavior were all higher in the intervention group than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).And the rates of recurrence and mortality were lower in the intervention group than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).

The object of this study is to preparate the berberine hydrochloride (BBH) resin compound with taste masking effect. We took the BBH as the model drug and Amberlite IRP69 as the drug carriers, uncovered the curve of solubility of BBH in different cosolvent with a certain range of temperature, and then used it to calculate the parameters during the preparation of the complex such as adding quantity of BBH and the reaction temperature. Afterwards, the characteristic and in vitro release experiments were studied to verify the formation and predict the in vivo release behavior of the complex. The results showed that in the condition of using 60% ethanol as a cosolvent and stirring at 50 ℃ for 1 h, the drug loading and drug availability of the complex are at about 35% and 64%, respectively, and has a better taste-masking effect. In this study, a method was provided for preparing a taste-masking preparation of BBH.