BACKGROUND: Temperament plays an important role in psychological development of children. Generally speaking, temperament is genetically determined, but it is also influenced by some other factors. The influential factors studies of temperament are important to promote psychological development and reduce behavior problems of children.OBJECTIVE: To explore the correlation between breastfeeding and temperamental characteristics in children aged 4-5 years old.DESIGN: Random cluster sampling.SETTING: Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University, Zibo Central Hospital, and Research Institute of Pediatrics, Medical College of Qingdao University.PARTICIPANTS: 737 children (399 males, 338 females) aged 4-5 years old from 8 kindergartens of 4 districts in Zibo were selected from March to June 2005. All the subjects and their parents were informed about the experimental goal.METHODS: With stratified random cluster sampling, 737 children were investigated by NYLS 3-7 years old children temperament questionnaire and self-made inventory questionnaire. The association of 9 dimensions including adaptability, rhythmicity (regularity), activity level, persistence, quality of mood, approach and withdrawal, intension of reaction, distractibility and threshold of responsiveness with feeding type in the first 4 months after birth and duration of breastfeeding was analyzed; the multiple gradual regressive analysis was carried out with each dimension of temperament as the dependent variable and feeding type in the first 4 months after birth and duration of breastfeeding etc. as the independent variables.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Temperamental dimension, feeding categories in the fist 4 months, and breastfeeding duration.RESULTS: All 737 children were involved in the result analysis. Correlation analysis indicated that temperamental adaptability was positively related with formula milk mainly in the first 4 months after birth (r =0.084, P =0.030);Rhythmicity and distractibility were negatively related with formula milk only (r =-0.087, -0.075, P =0.022, 0.047);Activity level were positively related with breast milk only and negatively with both breast milk and formula milk equally (r =0.084, -0.077, P =0.030, 0.045); Approach and withdrawal was negatively related with breast milk mainly (r =-0.097, P =0.012). Rhythmicity, quality of mood and activity level were negatively related with breastfeeding for 4-6 months (r =-0.082, -0.102, -0.153, P =0.036, 0.009, 0.001); Quality of mood and activity level were positively related with the duration of breastfeeding more than 9 months (r =0.089, 0.088, P =0.024,0.025). After rectifying the family structure, and educational level of parents, the influencing factor of adaptability was formula mainly; intensity of reaction was breastfeeding duration for 4-6 months and breast milk mainly;rhythmicity was breastfeeding duration for 7-9 months and formula only; activity level was both breast milk and formula milk equally and breastfeeding duration for 7-9 months; quality of mood was formula only and duration of breastfeeding for 7-9 months; approach-withdrawal was breast milk mainly and both breast milk and formula milk equally; distractibility was formula milk mainly.CONCLUSION: Temperamental development of children aged 4-5 years old is related to feeding type in the first 4 months after birth and duration of breastfeeding; therefore, it is essential to pay attention to breastfeeding during temperamental cultivation and intervention.

To evaluate the prognostic value of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Methods: A total of 1952 AMI patients were retrospectively studied. Based on medical history and HbA1c level, the patients were divided into 4 groups: Diabetes mellitus (DM) group, the patients with known DM or taking hypoglycemic drugs, n=492, Newly diagnosed DM group, MD was diagnosed during hospital stay and HbA1c≥6.5%, n=128, Pre-DM group, HbA1c 5.7%-6.4%, n=783 and Non-DM group, HbA1c<5.7%, n=549. The patients were followed-up for 25.6 months, prognostic differences during hospital stay and follow-up period were assessed by single- and multi-factor analysis. Results: The in-hospital mortality in DM group, Newly diagnosed DM group, Pre-DM group and Non-DM group were 4.88%, 3.91%, 3.96% and 2.91% respectively, P=0.435. As HbA1c level increasing, the incidences of all-cause mortality, non-fatal MI and re-hospitalization were elevating, while the differences among groups were similar. The incidences of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in above 4 groups were 39.84%, 35.94%, 33.97% and 27.87% respectively, P=0.001. Compared with Non-DM group, MACE incidences in the other 3 groups were as OR=1.33, 95% CI 1.05-1.69, OR=1.45, 95% CI 0.97-2.18 and OR=1.71, 95% CI 1.32-2.22 respectively, Ptrend<0.001; with adjusted baseline parameters, Ptrend=0.008. Conclusion: In our research, MACE incidence was increasing upon HbA1c level elevating in AMI patients and it was not related to in-hospital death. HbA1c level should be screened in AMI patients, lifestyle and drug intervention could be used as necessity.

Objective To investigate the clinical values of Gemstone Spectral Imaging coronary angiography with analysis of the relationship between plaque character and angina pectoris types.Methods Two hundred cases of hospitalized patients were collected from January 2015 to December 2016 in the Department of Cardiovascular Disease,Chenzhou City First People's Hospital,who were diagnosed as coronary heart disease.According to the clinical data,stable angina pectoris (SA) and unstable angina pectoris (UA),coronary CT scan was performed for each patient to evaluate the relationship between the nature of atherosclerotic plaques and the classification of angina pectoris.SPSS 19.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results By analyzing the correlation between SA and UA,SA calcification plaque was accounted for 63.2％,soft plaque 17.4％,mixed plaque 19.4％;UA calcification plaque was accounted for 37.5％;Soft plaque was accounted for 42.3％;and mixed plate was accounted for 20.2％.The difference was statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).In the SA group,all of the stenotic lesions were mainly calcified plaques.There was no significant difference in the degree of severe stenosis between the different plaques in the SA group (P ＞ 0.05).In UA group,soft plaques were the main lesion of mild and moderate stenosis of coronary artery,and calcified plaques were the main stenosis in severe stenosis.There were significant differences in the degree of coronary artery stenosis between different plaques in UA group (P ＜ O.05).Conclusions The 128-slice spiral CT can accurately evaluated the relationship between the nature of coronary plaque and the type of angina pectoris,which is of great value in the early warning and angina pectoris classification of high-risk patients with coronary heart disease.

MIC.RESULTS The bacteriostatic/bactericidal CFR of 0.5g q8h imipenem/cilastatin and 0.5g q8h meropenem were the highest(100%);that of 3.375g q4h sodium piperacillin/tazobactam sodium against ESBLs-producing E.coli was above 90%;the CFRs of ceftriaxone(1g q24h,2g q24h),ceftazidime(1g q8h,2g q8h),cefepime(1g q8h,1g q12h,2g q8h) and cefoperazone sodium/sulbactam(0.5g q8h,1g q8h,2g q8h) against ESBLs-producing strains were clearly less than those of non-ESBLs-producing ones,and the CFRs could not be effectively improved with the dose and frequency increased.CONCLUSIONS The PK/PD simulation is useful to optimize the regimen of anti-infective treatment,and guide its dosing accurately.

Acetates ; poisoning ; Acute Disease ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Diseases ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects

AIM: To observe the effect of combined goniosynechialysis in treating absolute glaucoma after trabeculectomy.
METHODS:Phacoemulsification combined goniosynechialysis was performed on 16 patients ( 16 eyes ) with absolute glaucoma after trabeculectomy, and they were followed up for 6 ~12mo, The postoperative intraocular pressure ( IOP ) and anterior chamber depth, preoperative and postoperative medication types (quantity), preoperative and postoperative 1 month's status of anxiety and depression, symptoms of ocular surface were observed. RESULTS: The IOP decreased significantly after phacoemulsification combined goniosynechialysis. The mean IOP was 35. 00±15. 43mmHg preoperatively, and it was 12. 00±6. 69mmHg, 15. 00±4. 26mmHg and 15. 3±5.2mmHg on 1d, 6 and 12mo after the surgery. The statistic difference was found between preoperative and postoperative (t=6. 22, P<0. 05). The anterior chamber depth was 1. 45 ± 0. 19mm before the surgery, and increased to 3. 37±0. 13mm after the surgery (t=6. 65, P<0. 05). After the surgery, 2 patients needed two kinds of drugs, 2 patients needed one kind of drug. After 12mo of follow-up, anxiety and depression status were improved in all 16 patients. Subjective discomfort symptoms of 16 patients such as eye bilges, eye pain were relieved. All of the patients' eyeballs were preserved, and no serious complications.
CONCLUSION: Phacoemulsification combined goniosynechialysis in treating absolute glaucoma after trabeculectomy is a safe and effective surgical option.

Objective To determine the role of nuclear factor-?B(NF-?B) in ischemic acute renal failure (ARF) rats. Methods Gel mobility shift assay was used to detect the DNA binding activity of NF-KB in ischemic ARF rats and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was used to study the expression of renal inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) . The relationship between DNA binding activity of NF-?B and expression of iNOS was also analyzed. Results The DNA binding activity of NF-?B in renal cortex increased from 1.00 ?0.17 of controls to 3. 67 ? 1. 94 of 6 hours after ischemia-reperfusion ( P

OBJECTIVE: To establish an artificial neural network (ANN) for predicting mycophenolic acid (MPA) pharmacokinetics in renal transplantation recipients by limited sampling strategy. METHODS: Sixty-four Chinese renal transplantation recipients receiving mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) were investigated. Eleven serum samples were drawn on different days after transplantation. MPA plasma concentration was determined by HPLC and ANN was established after the network parameters were optimized by using momentum method combined with genetic algorithm. RESULTS: When using MPA plasma concentrations at 0, 0.5 and 2 h after MMF administration to predict MPA concentration, the mean prediction error and mean absolute prediction error were (0.39±1.24) and (0.90±0.94) μg·mL-1, respectively. There was no significant difference between the pharmacokinetic parameters obtained from the predicted MPA concentrations vs those obtained from the measured MPA concentrations. CONCLUSON: ANN can be used to predict MPA pharmacokinetics by limited sampling strategy.

Objective:To provide a retrospective analysis of the levels of occupational external exposure of radiation workers in Hubei province from 2009 to 2018 in a way to prevent and control its risks.Methods:The external individual doses were surveyed for 50 070 radiation workers between 2009 and 2018 by the effort of the Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Under the relevant national standards, the external radiation doses to radiation workers were conducted by using TLDs.Results:The average annual collective effective dose to radiation workers in a 10 years period was 1.93 man·Sv, the median of average annual effective dose of 0.14 mSv ( P25- P75: 0.06-0.30 mSv), and the average annual effective dose of 0.40 mSv. The annual effective doses received by 46 562 workers were less than 1 mSv, accounting for 92.99% of the total monitored workers. The annual effective dose varied dependent on occupational categories, showing a year-by-year decline trend and staying at a low level after 2012. The relative high radiation doses were seen in nuclear medicine and interventional radiology in medical applications, non-destructive testing and well logging in industrial applications, and other types of radiation applications. Conclusions:The average annual effective dose decreased year in a by year manner and kept at a low level. This indicated that the radiological protection measures taken during the 10 years ensure the health of workers. The continuous monitoring result suggest that much more attention should be paid to such categories workers as nuclear medicine, interventional radiology, non-destructive testing, well logging and others through improving radiation protection measures.

A 28-year-old male patient presented with a 4-year history of a solitary brown mass, and a 1-year history of multiple small papules on the left chest. Skin examination showed a quasi-round brown firm mass measuring about 1.2 cm × 1.1 cm × 1.0 cm in size on the left chest, and several brown papules with diameters ranging from 3 to 5 mm on the right side of the mass; no enlarged lymph nodes were detected in the left axilla on palpation. The mass and papules were completely resected, and histopathological examination showed clustered nevus cells in the superficial dermis of the mass and small papules, and the diagnosis of intradermal nevus was considered. There was a desmoplastic nodule in the mass, nevus cells were scattered among the fibers in the nodule, and giant nevus cells were also observed; the nevus cells in the nodule were relatively larger, epithelioid or spindle-shaped with round or spindle-shaped nuclei, obvious nucleoli, and rare mitotic figures. Immunohistochemical study showed that the nevus cells in both the intradermal nevus and proliferative nodule were positive for S100; the nevus cells in the superficial dermis of the intradermal nevus were positive for Melan-A and HMB45, while the nevus cells in the proliferative nodule were negative for Melan-A and HMB45; both the intradermal nevus and proliferative nodule tissues showed a Ki-67 index of 1%, positive staining for CD34, but negative staining for P16 and P63. Finally, the patient was diagnosed with intradermal nevus associated with desmoplastic nodule.