Objective To investigate to the role of Angelica sinensis polysaccharides (ASP) against hepatic encephalopathy and explore the probable mechanism. Methods Sprague-Dawley rats were established into carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver cirrhosis,then treated with distilled water (negative control),lactulose (positive control),ASP solution (10,20 and 40 g/L respectively,intragastrically at dose of 10 ml.kg-1.d-1) for 14 days. On 15th day,all the survival rats were intraperitoneally injected with endotoxin (3 mg/kg) once,then in the following 12 h,the rats that fall into coma were counted and the time period of coma was recorded. The blood plasma concentrations of ammonia,serum glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT) and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) were determined. The apoptotic cerebral cells were dyed in situ by TUNEL. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in astrocytes was determined by immunohistochemical method. Then we counted the apoptotic cerebral cells and GFAP positive cells under light microscope. Results The survival rats in distilled water group were highest in the concentrations of ammonia,GPT and GOT,the amount of apoptotic cerebral cells,and coma rate than the rats in other groups. The rats in 40 g/L ASP group had the higher ammonia level,GOT concentration,coma rate than those in lactulose group. The rats in 3 ASP groups all had less apoptotic cerebral cells than those in lactulose group. As to GFAP,distilled water group had the lowest immunological activity,and the GFAP immunological positive cells of 3 ASP groups were all more than those in lactulose group. Conclusion ASP,even more effective than lactulose,can protect rat brain function and delay the occurrence of hepatic encephalopathy,whose effects may be related to the decrease of blood ammonia,the amelioration of liver function as well as the protection of astrocyte function and neuronic activity.

The post-operative adjuvant chemotherapy(PAC) for non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) appeared on the 1970s of the 20th century. Along with the appearance of each kind of new drugs and new combined therapeutic regimen, PAC for NSCLC is also progressed gradually, and more and more evidence showed that PAC can improve the survival and quality of life of patients with NSCLC. The present situation of PAC for NSCLC and the prospects of its future development were introduced.

Recent studies about the GCT are focusing on searching for new standards and indexes to prognose the biological behavior of the GCT because of the traditional standards and indexes have been realized often not agree with to the clinic. we review the lately research about the biological behavior of the GCT, then analyse and sum up the correlative indexes that could be significant in studying the prognosis of the GCT.

Dentists

Burns ; therapy ; Humans ; Treatment Outcome

Animals ; Burns ; surgery ; Dendritic Cells ; immunology ; Humans ; Mice ; Skin Transplantation ; methods

Chitin is one of the most important component in fungal cell wall.Biosynthesis of chitin is a complex processes and needs several chitin synthase isoenzymes.The knowledge of structure,function and regulation of chitin synthases is mainly derived from the study of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.In contrast with the 3 chitin synthases in S.cerevisiae,7 were found in most filamentous fungi.In this review the classification and function of chitin synthases are summerized,and progress in the studies on chitin synthases of filamentous fungi which are of theoretical or medical or agricultural importance,including Aspergillus nidulans,Aspergillus fumigatus and Ustilago maydis are emphasized.Recent ad-vance of research on chitin synthase as antifungal target is also discussed.

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is defined as a clinicopathological entity of different etiologies and pathogeneses. The clinical manifestations include proteinuria, usually of nephritic range, and are associated with lesions of focal segmental glomerular sclerosis and foot process effacement. The Columbia classification of FSGS based on light microscopic assessment includes five subtypes: collapsing variant, tip variant, cellular variant, perihilar variant, and not otherwise specified. Columbia classification emphasizes the association of clinical with pathologic characteristics. However, both the physiopathology of FSGS and morphogenesis underlying the five morphologic variants are not fully described in Columbia classification. Over the past few years, significant progress has been made in the pathogenesis of FSGS and morphogenesis of diverse variants of FSGS. This review recapitulates recent important advances in the pathogenesis of FSGS and morphogenesis basis underlying the pathological variants of FSGS.

Aim To investigate whether osthole can alleviate neuropathic pain induced by HIV gpl20 and its mechanism. Methods The paw withdrawal threshold and the paw withdrawal latency were observed to assess pain behaviors in four groups of the rats, including sham group, sham combined with osthole treatment group, gpl20 treatment group, and gpl20 combined with osthole treatment group. The protein expression levels of the P2X3 receptor, tumor necrosis factor-a receptor (TNF-aR), ERK, p-ERK in the L4-L6 dorsal root ganglia (DRG) were measured by Western blot. The mRNA expression level of P2X3 receptor was assessed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction ( qPCR). The whole path clamp recording was used to measure HEK293 cell current activated by ATP. Results Osthole attenuated the mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in gpl20 treated rats and down-regulated P2X3 receptor mRNA and protein expression in L4-L6 DRGs of gpl20 treated rats. Additionally, osthole simultaneously decreased the expression of TNF-ctR protein in L4-L6 DRGs and inhibited the phosphorylated ERK1/2 protein expression. Moreover, osthole reduced ATP activated current of HEK293 cells transfected with hP2X3R. Conclusion Osthole decreases the mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia induced by gpl20 through inhibiting P2X3R in DRG.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of plum-blossom needle therapy and cupping therapy combined with traction on cervical spondylosis of vertebral artery type.Methods 60 patients with cervical spondylosis of vertebral artery type were randomly divided into the treatment group and control group with 30 cases in each group. The patients of the treatment group were treated with plum-blossom needle therapy and cupping therapy combined with traction, and those of the control group only with traction. The therapeutic effects of two groups were compared.Results The total effective rate of the treatment group was 83.3 %, that of the control group was 60.0%. There was a significant difference between two groups ( P<0.05).Conclusion The effect of plum-blossom needle therapy and cupping therapy combined with traction on cervical spondylosis of vertebral artery type is superior to traction therapy alone.