AIM: To detect the expression of ALEX 1 in the breast cancer tissues in order to verify whether ALEX1 has correlation with clinical pathological features in breast cancer .METHODS:Real-time PCR and immmunohis-tochemistry were applied to detect the expression of ALEX 1 at mRNA and protein levels in the breast tissues .The statistical analysis were performed for determining the correlation with the level of ALEX 1 and the clinical pathological features in breast cancer .RESULTS:The protein levels of ALEX1 in the breast cancer tissues were lower than that in the non-breast cancer tissues (P<0.01).The expression of ALEX1 had correlations with pathological grade , clinical stage, molecular type (P<0.05) but had no correlation with the patients ’ age, tumor size and tumor types in breast cancer .Furthermore, the result of real-time PCR showed that mRNA expression of ALEX 1 was also significantly reduced in the breast cancer tis-sues (P<0.01).CONCLUSION:The expression of ALEX1 in the breast cancer tissues is lower than that in non-breast cancer tissues .The pathological grade and clinical stage in breast cancer are negatively correlated with the expression of ALEX1.

Objective:To investigate the physical morphology of the root canal taper in human maxillary and mandibular permanent first molars.Methods: Forty maxillary and 44 mandibular extracted human permanent first molars were investigated.The roots were dissected transversely from their apical foramen vertical to the long axis of the root,and 1-mm-thick serial sections were made.The root apex side of each section was observed with a stereomicroscope at 30? magnification.The maximum and minimum canal diameters were measured at 0,1,2,and 3 mm from the apical foramen.The physical canal taper in the apical section was calculated.Results: 47.5%-60.0% of the narrowest diameter of root canals were present at the foramen,and 25.0%~42.5% located at the level of 1 mm from apical foramen.Almost all physical configurations of root canals in 3 mm apical region showed a bottleneck-like taper.Canal dia-meters increased rapidly at 1-2 mm with the biggest taper,and the taper had a bigger variance(0.07-0.35).The ring of shrunken bottleneck was formed at the level of 1 mm from apical foramen.The taper of canal in maximal diameter was larger than the one in minimal diameter.Conclusion: The physical morphology of bottleneck-like taper in apical canal was helpful to locate the canal apical stop in root canal treatment.

Adolescent ; Depression ; complications ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Tourette Syndrome ; complications ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome

BACKGROUND:It is confirmed that the characteristics of soft and hard tissue development vary largely in different vertical facial types, which reflect the development trend of the patients and the control ing degree on anchorage.
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the influence of different vertical facial types on the aesthetic evaluation of facial profiles in young females, and analyze the perception of facial attractiveness from different people.
METHODS:Three beautiful females, with high, average and low mandibular angle, respectively were selected according to the measurement data of projection and the orthodontist’s aesthetic appreciation. They were yel ow race, bilateral facial appearance was basical y symmetrical, and no other maxil ofacial disease was found. They also received no orthodontic or orthognathic treatment. The profile digital photographs and cephalograms of three females were col ected. The positions of soft tissue lip and soft tissue chin were altered incremental y with Dolphin Imaging and Management software. Twenty-five new pictures were generated by the smal scale (2 mm per unit) modification in the sagittal direction. By using“acceptable facial appearance”as a filter, 15 orthodontists selected 11 from 25 pictures. Fifty parents of orthodontic patients, 50 orthodontic patients, and 50 amateurs were taken as the evaluators for subjective aesthetic ratings and for the assessment of the influence of vertical facial types on the facial profile attractiveness.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:With low and average angle, straight profile, slightly protrude chin was perceived to be beautiful. With high angle, straight profile, slightly protrude profile was perceived to be beautiful, and evaluation results are consistent between men and women. Evaluators are in agreement when it comes to evaluating the perception of facial attractiveness of three different vertical facial types profile in young females. They also have certain difference in aesthetic tendencies, but when it comes to straight profile they share the same preference. Although different vertical facial types profile has an impact on the profile of lip and chin, but it can’t represent the aesthetic preference of al evaluators.

Objective To explore the smoking behavior and its influencing factors of young male smokers with stroke,and set basis for further smoking cessation intervention.Methods 209 male smokers(≤45 years old) with stroke were randomly chosen,the information of demographic factors and smoking behaviors from medical files was got.Results Older people were more likely to be heavy smokers,the biggest percent (45.2％) of heavy smokers came from more than 40 years old people.Smoking consumption per day was affected by age,education and occupation,significant differences were found.Conclusions More than 40 years old patients in young male smokers with stroke should be focused in the intervention of smoking cessation.

2.5ms, then the R-R interphase is normal, meaning that the rhythm is decreasing gradually after the premature ventricular complex; If TS

Objective To establish a method for the determination of bacterial endotoxin in Ilex pubescens compound injection(LPCJ) .Methods According to China Pharmacopoeia (second part,2000),interference test was carried out to detect the endotoxins in LPCJ with limulus lysate agents (?was 0.25 EU/mL).Results Inhibition action was found in bacterial endotoxin test for LPCJ and in the 10-,20-,30-and 40-fold diluted liquid of LPCJ.It was proved that the maximum noninterference concentration was the 50-fold dilution.The inspection results are the same as that of rabbit pyrogen test.Conclusion The 50-fold diluted LPCJ is suitable for the determination of bacterial endotoxin and can be used as the quality control standard for its preparation.

Objective: To explore the burden of spouse caregivers of patients with dementia at home and factors having influence.Methods:Forty-two patients with dementia were collected from psychiatric out-clinic consecutively. Trained investigators did home visit to collect data on severity of the disease (CDR, MMSE), pathological behavior (BEHAVE-AD), activity of daily living (ADCS-ADL) and burdens of their spouse as caregiver (CBI). The caregivers' anxiety, depression (Zung's Anxiety Scale and Depression Scale) and knowledge about dementia were also collected.Results:The caregivers felt big burden (BDI total score: 30.7?15.1). Nearly half of them (42.9%) were in depression and one quarter (23.8%) were anxious. They were lack of knowledge about dementia and unskillful in care-giving. 26.2% caregivers thought dementia is curable or equal to normal aging, 57.1% of them did not believe it is an improving disease. The burden of caregivers was correlated positively with pathological behavior of patients (r=0.40, P

Objective:To explore the clinical application value of multi-slice spiral CT in the diagnosis.Methods: Twenty nine patients with clinically suspected rib fractures and X-ray showed no 64 row helical CT scanning in patients with chest trauma fractures after reconstruction, multiplanar reconstruction and VR imaging.Results: Twenty nine patients with occult fracture of rib on the MPR, VR imaging were rib image good, 28 cases were single, multiple rib fractures in 1 cases, the total of 4 cases with rib fracture, incomplete fracture in 25 cases.Conclusion: The 64 row helical CT for occult rib fracture detection rates, diagnostic accordance rate was superior to X-ray plain film, various post-processing techniques applied to timely, accurate, intuitive display rib fracture location, shape, extent of chest trauma, occult rib fracture first choice inspection method.