Congenital long QT syndrome ( LQTS) is a cardiac ion channel dysfunction, leading to prolonged myocardial repolarization time. It is characterized by the typical ECG QT interval prolongation and torsades de pointes. It shows clinical recurrence of cardiogenic syncope and even lead to sudden death. Molecular genetic studies have revealed a total of 12 forms of congenital LQTS caused by mutations in genes of the potassium, sodium and calcium channels or membrane adapter located on chromosomes 3, 4, 7, 11, 12, 17, 20 and 21. This review summarized the studies of the pathogenesis of LQTS and gene-related treatments.

The widespread use of antibiotics has been effectively controlled serious life-threatening infections.The trituration,exploitation and use of antibiotics has been rapidly developed and applied to many fields.Due to the extensive use of various antibiotics,the emergences of drug-resistant bacteria and the rates of bacterial resistance have increased unceasingly which has been a common focus in the world.Resistant pathogen can reduce the effectiveness of antibiotics,and which is a serious threat to human health.De-escalation therapy of antibiotics can quickly and effectively control serious infections,and avoid bacterial resistance,and induce fungal infections.The rational use of antibiotics in pediatrics is very imperative,which includes strengthening management of antibiotics,and improving awareness and vigilance of the adverse reactions of antibiotics,and consummating specification of medication.Then,realize the correct,safe,rational medication of antibiotics.

Bronchiolitis obliterans(BO) is chronic airflow obstruction syndrome characterized by small airway obstruction and airflow limitation.In children, BO is secondary to severe infection of respiratory tract, and its development is related with inflammation and immune response.At present, the diagnosis of BO mainly is depended on the clinical manifestation, lung function and examination results of high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) because of difficulty of lung biopsy.Pulmonary HRCT is a non-invasive examination, and worthy of generalization.Currently, BO has no accepted effective treatment,early diagnosis and treatment can block the progression of BO.Due to lack of realization of BO, doctors and parents fail to give enough attention, BO has a prolonged course and very poor prognosis.

Wistar rats randomly divided into groups A,B and C were killed at 2、3 and 12 days after transplantation,respectively.The pathological changes of the donor livers were observed by light microscope and electron microscope.The findings demonstrated that:(1)in the group A there was hepatocellular regeneration including hypertrophy of nuclei and nucleoli,and hyperplasia of mitochondrions and endoplasmic reticula;(2)in the group B the morphologic changes of the allografts involved in distinet fatty degencration and mitochondrial swelling of hepatic cells and peripheral vesscl wall infiltration by monocytes and lymphocytes;(3)in the group C hepatocellular loss with the massive tissue necrosis and fibroplasia occurred in the gratfs.From the above it was concluded that hepatocellular necrosis or loss related to the rejection 12 days after the transplantation might lead to the liver failure in the rats.

Adult ; Humans ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; blood ; Submarine Medicine ; Superoxide Dismutase ; blood ; Young Adult

Objective The study was to investigate the value of deduction and application of anterior compression index in evaluation of atlantoaxial dislocation and restoration. Method Twenty-eight cases of the control group and 28 cases of atlantoaxial dislocation treated with posterior restoration and screw-rod internal fixation technique before and af?ter surgery were recruited in this study and their data was retrospectively analyzed. All of the people underwent sagittal computerized tomography scan films. The anterior compression index was measured in all cases. Results The mean value of anterior compression index of the control group was 87.86±24.98. The mean value of anterior compression index of the preoperative patients was 230.44 ± 97.60 and the mean value of the postoperative patients was 106.27 ± 73.53. There was significant difference in those two parameters between the preoperative patients and the controls(t=-7.50,P<0.0001). There was no significant difference between the postoperative patients and the control group (t=-1.26, P=0.2171). Anteri?or compression index were significantly lower after surgical operation (t=10.35, compared with before, P<0.0001). Con?clusion Anterior compression index can be an excellent measurement tool for the assessment of relationship of atlas and axis in atlantoaxial dislocation patients before and after posterior restoration operation.

Objective:To determine the di-allelic polymorphisms of TNF gene and their association with Helicobacter Pylori(H.pylori) infection and gastroduodenal diseases in Chinese population with Han nationality.Methods:Two hundreds and ten patients with gastroduodenal diseases(73 chronic gastritis,78 duodenal ulcer and 59 noncardia gastric cancer) and 264 healthy controls were genotyped by the PCR-RFLP method for TNF-? 308,lymphotoxin-?(LT-?) Nco Ⅰ and AspH Ⅰ gene polymorphisms.H.pylori infection status was determined by a validated serological test.Results:H.pylori infection was detected in 90.5% of 210 patients and 62.1% of 264 healthy controls(P

Objective To discuss the relevance between the serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) level and the prostatic cancer biopsy detection rate after tamsulosin treatment for patients with lower urinary tract symptoms and elevated PSA level.Methods 168 patients with lower urinary tract symptoms and elevated PSA level were divided into two groups according to the serum PSA level change after tamsulosin treatment:in the first group,serum PSA level decreased slightly (PSA≥4.0 ng/ml and PSA decrease＜20％);in the second group,serum PSA level decreased obviously (PSA＜4.0 ng/ml or PSA decrease≥20％).Tamsulosin treatment was given in 0.2 mg/d for two months.Prostate gland aspiration biopsy was performed at the end of tamsulosin treatment.Result For the 68 patients of the first group,after tamsulosin treatment,the tPSA level increased from (8.11 ±2.09)ng/ml to (9.05±3.13)ng/ml,in which 38 patients (55.88％,38/68) were confirmed as the prostatic cancer by pathology.For the 100 patients of the second group,after tamsulosin treatment,the tPSA level decreased from(7.80±3.79)ng/ml to (5.19±2.32)ng/ml,in which 6 patients (6％,6/100) was confirmed as the prostatic cancer by pathology.There was significant statistical differences of prostate aspiration biopsy detection rate between the two groups(x2=23.53,P＜0.05).For patients with lower urinary tract symptoms who received tamsulosin treatment,the sensibility of PSA increased to 86.4％,specificity increased to 75.8％,the rate of avoiding aspiration was 55.9％,and the rate of correct diagnosis was 78.5％.Conclusion Tamsulosin treatment can increase the prostatic cancer diagnostic positive rate and decrease the aspiration rate in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms and elevated serum PSA level in a certain extent.

Objective To analyze the survival rate and hospitalization information for 81 2 cases of very low birth weight (VLBW)and extremely low birth weight (ELBW)infants.Methods The retrospective study was con-ducted in a single center,Department of Neonatology,Hubei Women and Children Hospital,from January 2009 to De-cember 201 4,where the data of 81 2 infants with birth weight(BW)less than 1 500 g was analyzed in regard to perinatal condition,treatment and complications of these in relation to prognosis.Results (1 )A total of 621 cases(76.5%) had favorable prognosis.(2)There was a significant difference in the favorable prognosis rate between different BW groups (χ2 =28.87,P <0.05)and different gestational age(GA)groups (χ2 =1 4.77,P <0.05).The favorable prog-nosis rate for the male infants(χ2 =4.69,P <0.05),puerpera age between 1 7 -25 and 36 -46 years old (χ2 =1 1 .1 9, P <0.05),usage of prenatal hormones(χ2 =8.02,P <0.05),the infants without intrauterine infection (χ2 =8.61 ,P <0.05),the mother without gestational hypertension (χ2 =7.20,P <0.05)and gestational diabetes mellitus(χ2 =1 9.2, P <0.05)were different compared to the control groups.(3)Infants with peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) (χ2 =33.31 ,P <0.05)and recovery birth weight within 1 0 days(χ2 =29.65,P <0.05)had higher favorable prognosis rate compared to the control groups,which had significant differences.(4)Infants with intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH)(χ2 =1 3.1 6,P <0.05),respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)(χ2 =7.59,P <0.05),necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)(χ2 =1 3.02,P <0.05)and serious asphyxia (χ2 =6.05,P <0.05)had lower favorable prognosis rates than those did not,with significant differences.(5)Logistic analysis:the lower BW,smaller GA,earlier birth,unused PICC, serious asphyxia,IVH,RDS were risk factors for poor prognosis(all P <0.05).Conclusions The favorable prognosis rate of VLBW and ELBW infants has improved gradually,and is closely related to GA,BW,maternal age,perinatal care,prevention complication,treatment of disease and social factors etc.

Objective To investigate the effects of forced-air prewarming combined with fluid warming on body temperature and thermal comfort in patients undergoing lobectomy.Methods Forty six patients scheduled for video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) of lobectomy were randomized into two groups (n=23 each):warming group (group T) and the control group (group C).Forced-air prewarming combined with infusion heating was applied in the warming group,while only conventional passive warming was used in control group.The tympanic membrane temperatures were recorded before prewarming,after prewarming, during the anesthesia, the end of operation, the moment in and out of the postanesthesia care unit (PACU).Incidence of postoperative shivering, thermal comfort and the time in the PACU were recorded.Results The warming group had a slower temperature decrease at 1,2, 3 hours after operation and end of operation(P< 0.01), warming group had significantly lower incidence of hypothermia and shivering than control group(8.7% vs 56.5%, 4.3% vs 34.8%,P<0.05),and the thermalcomfort score was higher in warming group than in control group(8.52±0.94 vs 7.65±0.83,P<0.05).Conclusions Forced-air prewarming combined with fluid warming has significant clinical effects to stabilize patients` body temperature during operations,to reduce the incidence of hypothermia and shivering and to improve the thermal comfort, which provides a simple and effective temperature protection strategy for patients undergoing lobectomy.