Actually in China there has already been much clinical transplantation which takes foetus as the donor,however,there is no regulation or law to restrict it,which is not good for the overall development of national transplantation career.The text discusses the qualification of the transplantation by taking foetus as the donor and the conflicts in different relationships during the process of the transplantation,quotes the correlation of the American legislation and provides the necessity and principles of similar legislation in combination with national circumstances,expecting to give some references for national legislation on fetal tissue transplantation.

The paper discusses the necessity of English teaching courses in medical and law area,the setup of the course and the details which should be emphasized.Combined with the experience of American health and law teaching,the author expects to give some information for the benefit of our national health and law major courses construction.

The paper starts with a study of problems existing in current fundamental computer course assessment in Traditional Chi-nese Medicine ( TCM) colleges and universities and analyzes the competence-based procedural assessment of fundamental computer courses, points out that such an assessment, as the key factor in discipline construction and course construction, effectively guarantees the cultivation of versatile informatization professionals in the TCM field and is able to better promote the modernization of TCM.

As an element of tort liability,negligence is the main form of fault in medical tort.The essence of negligence is disobeying "the duty of care".So,understanding "the duty of care" correctly is very important in the judgement of medical tort.

Congenital Abnormalities ; diagnosis ; genetics ; prevention & control ; Deafness ; diagnosis ; genetics ; prevention & control ; Genetic Testing ; Humans

Adenovirus Infections, Human ; pathology ; virology ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranous ; pathology ; virology ; HIV Infections ; pathology ; virology ; Hepatitis B ; pathology ; virology ; Hepatitis C ; pathology ; virology ; Herpes Zoster ; pathology ; virology ; Herpesvirus 3, Human ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Kidney ; pathology ; virology ; Kidney Diseases ; pathology ; virology ; Nephritis, Interstitial ; pathology ; virology ; Parvoviridae Infections ; pathology ; virology ; Parvovirus B19, Human ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of alcohol extract of Toddalia asiatica on the inflammation-associated cytokines of model rats with adjuvant arthritis(AA). METHODS:70 SD rats were randomly divided into a normal control group,a model con-trol group,a positive control chemical medicine group(Leflunomide tablets,0.012 g/kg),a positive control TCM group(Tripter-ygium glycosides tablets,0.012 g/kg)and the groups of low,medium and high-dose [1,4,6 g(crude drug)/kg] alcohol extract of T. asiatica,with 10 rats in each group. The rats in all groups except for the normal control group were given complete Freund’s complete adjuvant id for the establishment of AA models. At the same time,the rats in the drug administration groups were given corresponding drugs ig,while those in the normal control group and the model control group were given isometric normal saline ig,twice a day,for 28 consecutive days. The degree of toe swelling,arthritis index and the levels of interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6, IL-10,tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α)and prostaglandin E2(PGE2)in serum and synovial membranes of all groups of rats were determined. RESULTS:Compared to the normal control group,the model control group demonstrated higher degree of primary and secondary toe swelling,arthritis index and levels of IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-αand PGE2 in serum and joint synovial membrane,and low-er level of IL-10 therein(P<0.01). Compared to the model control group,all the above-mentioned indexes of the rats in drug ad-ministration groups significantly improved(P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:The alcohol extract of T. asiatica. has a preven-tive and therapeutic effect on the model rats with AA by regulating the expression of anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory cyto-kines in serum and synovial membrane.

Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway participates in cancer cell proliferation,invasion and metastasis and effectively induces drug resistance.It is also the key signal to mediate cancer carcinogenesis.Recent studies in vitro indicate that disturbance of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway can increase the sensitivity of the cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs.In-depth researches and analysis of tumor drug resistance induced by Wnt/β-catenin will provide potential targets and possible therapeutic means for the treatment of tumors.

The introduction of MOOC to medical education in China can greatly promote the development of modern medical education.Using the content analysis method,the paper systemizes the research literatures on MOOC published in 2013-2015 in China.According to the analysis,currently,the research on MOOC in China is still in the initial stage.Therefore,it proposes the focus of domestic research on MOOC and the research development direction in medical education in the future.

Acetates ; poisoning ; Acute Disease ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Diseases ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects