The importance of rational use of drugs was discussed in this paper. The evaluation indexes include safe, effective, immediate, convenient and economic use of drugs. There are 5 aspects in the practice measures. The aim of present paper is to unify understanding, to improve the existing problems one by one and thus to carry out rational use of drugs.

Objective To observe the speech therapy for hyperkinetic dysarthria in children with athetoid cerebral palsy (CP). Methods A girl was reviewed with Evaluation of Dysarthia and Speech Intelligibility. Results The articulation and intelligibility of the speech improved after treatment. Conclusion Speech therapy is effective on hyperkinetic dysarthria in children with athetoid

The micronuclear cell rate of nucleated erythrocyte of bone marrow in 30 cases of radiologists and 20 cases of normal controls have been compared. The result showed that the mioronuclear cell rate in bone marrow of radiologists is higher than that of normal contrls and the difference is significant(P0.06).

ObjectiveTo analyze the effect of speech therapy on severe hyperkinetic dysarthria. Methods30 patients with severe hyperkinetic dysarthria who received breath training, relaxation training of head and neck, ice stimulation, training of lip, tongue and mandible, phonation training were reviewed. They were assessed with CRRC dysarthria test. Results90% of them improved. ConclusionSpeech therapy can improve the symptom of severe hyperkinetic dysarthria.

Objective To observe the speech outcome of global aphasia after treatment.Methods 2 cases with global aphasia were trained using the Schuell aphasic stimulation approach,promoting aphasics communication effectiveness(PACE) and functional communication therapy(FCT),and assessed with the Standard Aphasia Examination of Chinese.Results Both patients showed obvious improvement.Conclusion The features of global aphasia can become as something of motor aphasia after speech training for several months or years.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the material foundation of kidney-yang-deficiency syndrome. METHODS: Two kinds of rat models of deficiency of kidney-yang were induced by adenine intragastric administration (model I) and hydrocortisone intramuscular injection (model II). One hundred rats were randomly divided into normal control group, model I group, low-dose model II group, medium-dose model II group and high-dose model II group. After model establishment, contents of serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and urine creatinine (UCr) were detected by automatic biochemistry analyzer; freezing point method was used for 24-hour urinary osmotic pressure (Uosm) testing and kaolinite method was used to detect the content of urinary 17-hydroxycorticosteroid (17-OHCS). Expression of aquaporin-1 in renal tissue was observed by using real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: The rats of model groups had the characteristics of kidney-yang deficiency syndrome. The contents of SCr and BUN were significantly higher in model I group than in normal control group and three model II groups (P<0.05), and UCr and Uosm were significantly lower (P<0.05). The level of urinary 17-OHCS and expression of aquaporin-1 in renal tissue were decreased in the model I group (P<0.05) as compared with the normal control group. Compared with the normal control group, the content of SCr was increased and urinary 17-OHCS was decreased in the medium-dose model II group, but the expression of aquaporin-1 was increased in three model II groups with a dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: Aquaporin-1 may be one of the material foundations of kidney-yang-deficiency syndrome.

Effective leadership is crucial for health organizations' performance and numerous western universities thus offer leadership courses or modules to their students.However,such education practice has not started in China.In order to optimize knowledge and skills of health service management practitioners,to content with requirements of health service organizations,to cope with dynamic organization environment,to implement health reform successfully and to realized sustainable development of health organizations,it is necessary to provide leadership course for students of health service management at Chinese universities.

Objective:To study the clinical efficacy of loratadine combined with pidotimod in the treatment of children with repeat-ed respiratory tract infection and the effect of the combination on immune function. Methods:Totally 78 cases of patients with repeated respiratory tract infection were randomly divided into the observation group ( n=39 ) and the control group ( n =39 ) . Both of the groups were treated with the routine correct treatment, and the control group was treated with pidotimod and the observation group was treated with loratadine combined with pidotimod with the treatment course of 8 weeks. The clinical efficacy, clinical symptoms, signs improvements, changes of immune function markers level and incidence of adverse drug reactions between the two groups were observed and compared. Results:The total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group ( P<0. 05);the disappearance time of pulmonary rales and cough, fading time of tonsil swelling and fever clearing time of the observation group were significantly shorter than those of the control group(P<0. 05). After the treatment, the levels of IgG, IgM and IgA in both groups were significantly lower than those before the treatment (P <0.05); the levels of CD3 +, CD4 + and CD4 + /CD8 + in both groups were significantly higher than those before the treatment (P<0. 05);the levels of immune indices in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group(P<0. 05). Comparing with the incidence of adverse drug reactions in the control group, no significant difference was shown in the observation group (P>0. 05). Conclusion:The clinical efficacy of loratadine com-bined with pidotimod in the treatment of children with repeated respiratory tract infection is effective, which can improve the clinical symptom and signs and enhance the immune function of children significantly.

This paper introduced the fair benchmarks of evaluation framework for health system constructed by Daniels, et al, and its developmental application in evaluation of health resource allocation fairness .After introdu-cing the resources rational allocation of public health fair benchmarking fixed framework , this paper assessed the al-location of health resources according to the fixed framework .China has achieved good results in public health serv-ice interventions .But public sector governance , macro economic and social policy environment , factors such as ac-countability may restrict the improvement of the health care system .China's health expenditure allocations have un-fairness between provinces , urban and rural areas and different classes .China can use the new benchmark in the field of public health to promote the reform of health resource allocation fairness , make effective social health strate-gies.