OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the drug utilization and safe medication in gestational women in a hospital. METHODS: The drug utilization in 505 gestational women in a hospital from July 2007 to Jan. 2008 was investigated,with FDA's drug classification system during gestation as control. RESULTS & CONCLUSION: 35.84% of the patients received drugs during gestation;54.01% used drugs in the first 3 gestational months;56.15% used at least 2 kinds of drugs in combination;traditional Chinese medicine or Chinese patent medicines were the first choice for gestational women. The drug use for gestational women was prudent and basically in line with FDA's drug classification system during gestation;however,some drugs which pose risks for fetus were also used. There is as yet no guiding principle for safe medication of gestational women in China,thus it is imperative to establish safe drug use system for gestational women.

Child ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A ; genetics ; Disease Susceptibility ; enzymology ; Female ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Humans ; Male ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; genetics ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; genetics

Objective: To set a quantified diagnostic standard for large intestinal cancer of spleen qi deficiency syndrome. Methods: The spleen qi deficiency syndrome was identified by experts on the basis of clinical epidemiological investigation of 311 patients suffering from large intestinal cancer. Corresponding points were assigned to the correlative factors (traditional Chinese medicine symptoms) on the basis of symptom differences between spleen qi deficiency syndrome and non-spleen-qi-deficiency syndrome. The best threshold was determined by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) according to syndrome differentiation from expert team, and the quantified diagnostic standard was established. The syndrome identification from the expert team which was regarded as golden standard was tested retrospectively. Results: All the traditional Chinese medicine symptoms possibly related to spleen qi deficiency syndrome were analyzed based on the opinions of experts, and 28 symptoms were confirmed as candidate correlative factors. The occurrence of 11 symptoms between spleen qi deficiency syndrome and non-spleen-qi-deficiency syndrome showed statistical differences by means of crosstabs analysis (P<0.05). The 11 symptoms were filtered by logistic regression analysis, and tiredness, fatigue, loose stool, and poor appetite were finally determined as the symptoms relative to large intestinal cancer. These four symptoms were analyzed with conditional probability conversion and endowed with 16, 11, 4 and 8 points respectively. The diagnostic standard of spleen qi deficiency syndrome of large intestinal cancer was over 13 points. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of retrospective examination were all above 80%, and its positive likelihood ratio was 9.89. Conclusion: The quantified diagnostic standard for spleen qi deficiency syndrome of large intestinal cancer is in accordance with clinical characteristics of large intestine cancer and the characteristics of TCM syndrome diagnosis.

Objective To analyze the efficacy and safety of HAA induction regimen consisted of homoharringtonine (HHT),cytarabine (Ara-C) and aclacinomycin (ACM) in naive and refractory relapsed acute myeloid leukemia.Methods Data from 66 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cases hospitalized and treated with HAA induction regimen was analyzed retrospectively.Results 45 of the 66 cases suffered from naive AML,and 21 were refractory relapsed.HAA efficacy in naive AML was evaluated in 41 cases with 36 in complete remission (CR) and 1 in partial remission (PR).The efficiency of HAA induction regimen was 90.2 ％ (37/41)in naive AML group and 42.9 ％ (9/21) in refractory relapsed group,respectively.There were no differences (P ＞ 0.05) when considering patient' s gender,age,disease subtype and white blood cell count at onset.14 patients in CR with naive AML were followed-up for a median time of 9 months (2-17 months),and 5 cases relapsed (35.7 ％) in a range of 2-8 months.The median myelosuppression period was 14 days (3-23 days).Nausea and vomiting [20 ％ (13/66)] were the major side effects of HAA regimen,and the other side effects were abdominal pain and diarrhea [9 ％ (6/66).After chemotherapy,53 ％ (35/66) of the cases experienced infection/fever due to neutropenia.Other severe non-hematological side effects did not occur.Conclusion HAA regimen may be an ideal choice for the induction chemotherapy of naive and relapsed refractory AML.

Objective To explore the expression of WT1 gene in acute leukemia in children and its clinical significance.Methods The real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction method was used to detect the expression level of WT1 gene in 198 children with acute leukemia.Results The medium of WT1 gene in children with acute leukemia was 932.99,but it was 38.50 in control group,and it in patient′s group was significantly higher than that in control group.The medium of WT1 gene in children with ALL was 195.73,while the medium of WT1 gene in children with acute myeloid leukemia was 6 297.75,and there was significant difference between the 2 groups(P

Objective To explore the feasibility of low-dose chemotherapy (LDCT) combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) (LDCT+TKI regimen) as the first-line induction regimen for Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+-ALL).Methods The efficacies and adverse effects of various induction regimens in 61 newly diagnosed patients with Ph+ ALL were retrospectively analyzed.Results The complete remission (CR) rate of the first induction therapy was 73.8 ％ (45/61) for all 61 cases,and that of the second induction therapy was 86.7 ％ (13/15) for non-remission (NR) patients after the first induction.The total CR rate for two-course induction was 95.1％ (58/61).Treatment related mortality happened in one case (1.6 ％) after the first induction therapy.The response rates between conventional-dose chemotherapy (CDCT)±TKI group and LDCT±TKI group were not statistically different [without TKI,65.5 ％ (19/29) vs 60.0 ％(3/5),P =0.812;with TKI,90.5 ％ (19/21) vs 100.0 ％ (6/6),P =0.432].The response rate of LDCT+TKI group was not statistically different from that of CDCT alone group (P =0.089).The introduction of TKI to LDCT and CDCT could improve the response rate (CDCT+TKI group,P =0.041;LDCT+TKI group,P =0.087).The total response rate of the induction therapy with TKI was significantly higher than that without TKI [92.6 ％ (25/27) vs 64.7 ％ (22/34),P =0.01].The response rate of the TKI-based second induction therapy for non-CR cases after the first induction therapy without TKI was significantly higher than that after the first induction therapy with TKI [100.0 ％ (8/8) vs 33.3 ％ (1/3),P =0.011].There were no significant differences in the efficacies of the first induction therapy between various genetic subgroups (all P ＞ 0.05),and the introduction of TKI to the treatment of various genetic subgroups could improve the efficacies to a certain extent without statistical significance (all P ＞ 0.05).The incidences of treatment related infections and bleeding due to the first induction therapy in all patients were 50.8 ％ (31/61) and 4.9 ％ (3/61),respectively.Compared with LDCT±TKI group,the overall incidences of treatment related infections and bleeding in CDCT±TKI group were higher,but there were no statistical significances [infection,56.0 ％ (28/50) vs 27.3 ％ (3/11),P =0.084;bleeding,6.0 ％ (5/30) vs 0 (0/1 1),P =0.405].The incidence of treatment related infections in LDCT+TKI group was significantly lower than that in CDCT+TKI group [0 (0/6) vs 71.4 ％ (15/21),P =0.002] or that in CDCT alone group [0 (0/6) vs 44.8 ％ (13/29),P =0.039].The incidence of bleeding in LDCT+TKI group was not statistically different from that in CDCT+TKI group or that in CDCT alone group (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion LDCT+TKI regimen as the first-line induction regimen in Ph+-ALL is deserved to be investigated further.

BACKGROUND:Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exist in human tissues.Presently,cell source is single;culture method has great differences;obtained results are not consistent.Thus,it cannot verfy that isolated and cultured cells are identical calls,which is difficult to compare.OBJECTIVE:To compare the biological features of MSCs derived form bone marrow (BM),perpheral blood (PB) and cord blood (CB) under in vitro culture conditions.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:The cytological in vitro controlled study was performed at the Department of Hematology,Navy General Hospital of Chinese PLA from June 2007 to December 2008.MATERIALS:A total of 10 donors of hemopoietic stem cell transplantation at the Department of Hematology,Navy General Hospital of Chinese PLA were selected.MB and PB cells were obtained from the same donor,and cell volumes were respectively 20 mL and 2 mL.CB cells (30 mL) were obtained from healthy primipara at the Department of Obstetrics,Navy General Hospital of Chinese PLA.METHODS:MSCs were obtained from BM,PB and CB by Percoll density gradient + adherence method,and then incubated in DMEM/F12 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum.When 80%-90% confluency,cells were digested in trypsin-EDTA and made into 5×10~8/L cell suspension as P_0.Above-described operation was performed as P_1,and the rest may be deduced by analogy as P_2-P_5.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The following parameters were measured:cell growth morphology;results of Wright-Giemsa staining;results of cytochemistry;cell proliferation amount;cell surface markers using flow cytometry.RESULTS:Time of adherence,time to 50% confluency and time to 80% confluency of BMSCs were earlier comarped with the PBMSCs and UCMSCs.Adherent cells from BM grew in whirpool-like type,while CB and PB did not at 5-7 days.Majority of aderent cells from BM were fibroblast-like cells,and small parts were endothelioid cells.Aderent cells from PB and CB at the fifth generation contained more endothelioid cells and mononuclear and macrophage-like cells besides fibroblast-like cells.PAS stain,Sudan black B stein,alkaline phosphatase (AKP) staining of adherent cells from BM,PB and CB were negative from P_1 to P_5.Compared with P0 cells,number of BMMSCs till P5 was significantly more in PBMSCs and UCMSCs (P ＜ 0.05).Positive rates of CD29,CD44,CD90,CD71,CD105,CD166 and HLA-ABC were 55.9% 92.8% at P0 to P5,but ≤6% following BMMSCs were incubated;19.7%-33.4% at P0 to P5,but ≤10% following PBMSCs were incubated;35.4%-93.2% at P_0 to P_5,but ≤20% following CBMSCs were incubated.Positive rates of CD34,CD45 and HLA-DR were low in BM-,PB-and CB-MSCs.Positive rates of CD14 and CD31 were low in BMMSCs;12.1%-28.3% in PBMSCs,and 8.1%-21.3% in CBMSCs.CONCLUSION:MSCs can be attained from BM,PB and CB.Quantities of MSCs form BM are the highest,with single component,followed by CBMSCs and PBMSCs,with multiple components.

Abstract: Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK), a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase, plays a central role in the activation of B cells and granulocytes, operating downstream of B cell and Fcγ receptors, and is considered an attractive target for treating autoimmune diseases. Preclinical investigations have demonstrated that inhibition of BTK activity holds promise as a potential therapeutic strategy for inflammatory immune responses such as autoimmune diseases and allergies. This review provides an overview of the mechanisms by which BTK contributes to immune-related diseases and summarizes current research on the development of BTK inhibitors for treating these conditions, aiming to offer novel insights into non-oncology applications for BTK inhibitors.

In order to explore the suitable diseases and symptoms treated by bleeding therapy so as to guide the clinical practice. The retrospective study of periodical literature series is used and all clinical literatures about bleeding therapy were searched in the China Journal Full Text Database in CNKI, the VIP Chinese Scientific Journals Full Text Database (CSJD), Wanfang Database, and the Chinese Bio-medical Literature Database, and the frequen cy of the literature and the total cases treated with bleeding therapy were statistically analyzed, and the principles and methods of clinical epidemiology and evidence-based medicine were used to classify and grade the literatures, and the diseases were classified according to the international statistical classification about diseases and related healthy problems (ICD10) issued by World Health Organization. As a result, 1149 effective literatures including 98,526 cases were searched out, which were involved in 18 major systems and 261 kinds of diseases. It is indicated that the bleeding therapy has lots of suitable diseases and symptoms and it is worth to be popularized. Particularly, this therapy has obvious advantages for treatment of herpes zoster, acne, hordeolum, cervical spondylosis, and oral ulcer.
Bibliography of Medicine ; Bibliometrics ; Bloodletting ; methods ; Databases, Bibliographic ; Humans ; Meta-Analysis as Topic ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of volatile oils of Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii (RAT), Semen Myristicae (SM) and Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae (PCR) on percutaneous penetration of bullatine A via hairless mouse skin in vitro.

METHODBy an improved Franz diffusion, the effects of three kinds of volatile oils on the percutaneous penetration of bullatine A were observed and compared with Azone, and the cumulative amount of bullatine A was determined by HPLC.

RESULTThe penetration enhancement ratios of bullatine A with 7% volatile oil RAT and SM, 5% volatile oil of PCR and 3% Azone were 6.52, 6.74, 2.18, 6.03, respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe volatile oil of RAT, SM and PCR enhance permeation of bullatine A, effectively.

Administration, Cutaneous ; Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacokinetics ; pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Oils, Volatile ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Skin ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Skin Absorption ; drug effects