Objective To optimize the extraction conditions for total flavonoids from Cibotium barometz by response surface meth-od(RSM). Methods According to the center combination of Box-Benhnken,using the RSM,the effects of ethanol concentration,the ratio of solid to liquid,the extraction time,and the extraction frequency were studied by central composite design. Results The opti-mal conditions of extraction were as follows:60％ethanol,the ratio of solid to liquid 1:40,refluxing and extracting twice,and 1.5 h for each time. Conclusion The actual extraction yield was 1.44％. The method of extraction has higher extraction efficiency than other methods and can provide a basis for the industrial production of the total flavonoids from S. barometz.

Objective:To investigate the effects of sodium selenite on the cell apoptosis of K562 cells and to elucidate its molecular mechanisms.Methods:K562 cells were treated with various concentrations of sodium selenite at different time points,and then MTT assay was employed to evaluate the effects of sodium selenite on the proliferative inhibition of K562 cells.MTT assay was employed to evaluate the effects of sodium selenite on the proliferative inhibition of K562 cells.Electronmicroscopy,and TUNEL were performed to confirm the apoptosis of K562 cells,RT-PCR was employed to analyze the mRNA expression levels of Bcl-2 and Bax.Colorimetric method were used to measure the activities of caspase-3 of K562.Results:Sodium selenite could inhibit proliferation of K562 cells and induce them to undergo apoptosis.RT-PCR results showed that sodium selenite could decrease the mRNA expression level of Bcl-2 and increase the level of Bax of K562 cells which had been treated with sodium selenite for 48h significantly,and the activity of caspase-3 elevated remarkably too.Compared with the control group,the expression levels of Bcl-2,Bax and acivity of caspase-3 in 20?mol/L sodium selenite treatment group were markedly changed(P

Retrospective studies of duodenal polyps have shown a prevalence of 0.3-4.6% in patients referred to upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, and histologic classification have been inconsistent. A prospective consecutive study was carried out in 3,871 patients referred to diagnostic endoscopy, Sixteen patients had polyps in the first part of duodenum, for a prevalence 0.41%(0.28-0.53%, 95% confidence interval). Fourteen polyps were either inflammatory(thirteen polyps) or ectopic gastric mucosa(one polyp). Two hyperplasitc polyps were founded. All polyps were benign and sessile, and most of polyps(75%) were solitary.
Classification ; Duodenum ; Endoscopy* ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal ; Humans ; Polyps* ; Prevalence* ; Prospective Studies

No abstract available.
Restraint, Physical*

We studied arterial oxygen desaturation, using a pulse oximeter, in 132 patients undergoing diagnostic upper gastrointestinal endoscopy to obtain predictive factors of the change. The baseline arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) level was 98.8+/- 1.2%. During the procedure, oxygen desaturation (SaO2>95%) was found in 90.2% of the patients, Mild oxygen desaturation (95>SaO2>90%) was found in 9.8% of the patients, and there was no severe oxygen desaturation(SaO2<90%). Age(P=0.52), gender(P =0.48), smoking(P =0.71), body mass index(P =0.32), and endoscopy time(P = 0.68) was not related to the degree of oxygen desaturation. These results suggest that oxygen desaturation, which may rarely induce serious cardiopulmonary events, is not frequently observed during non-sedated diagnostic upper endoscopy.
Endoscopy ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal* ; Humans ; Oxygen*

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of Metformin on the proliferation and collagen synthesis of the human keloids fibroblasts as well as the effect on phosphorylation of Akt/FoxO1 signal transduction pathway.

METHODSFibroblasts of keloid were divided into control group treated with medium solution and experimental groups treated with different concentrations of Metformin. 48 h later CCK-8 assay was adopted to evaluate cell survival; Western blot was performed to detect the Akt and FoxO1 phosphorylation; and Hydroxyproline reagent kit was used to detect the collagen synthesis.

RESULTSWith different concentrations (30, 60, 90, 120 mmol/L) of Metformin, the absorbance of cultured keloid fibroblasts detected by CCK8 assay decreased by (13.30 ± 2.04)%, (22.64 ± 4.70)%, (54.00 ± 5.34)% and (63.12 ± 3.48)%. The growth of fibroblasts was suppressed by Metformin in a dose-dependent manner. It showed that the level of phoshpo-akt and phoshpo-foxOl in keloids fibroblasts in experimental groups was lower than that in the control group and the collagen synthesis were also decreased in experimental groups, all in a dose-dependent manner (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSMetformin can effectively inhibit the proliferation and collagen synthesis of the human keloids fibroblasts in vitro, which may be associated with the suppression of phosphorylation of Akt/FoxO1 signaling pathway

Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Collagen ; biosynthesis ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Forkhead Box Protein O1 ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; metabolism ; Humans ; Keloid ; pathology ; Metformin ; pharmacology ; Phosphorylation ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of nadroparin in the migration of breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 and its action mechanism.

METHODThe MTT test was adopted to observe the effect of different concentrations of naringenin on the growth capacity of breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231. Wound healing and transwell experiment analysis were conducted to detect the effect of naringenin on the migration of breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231. Western blotting was adopted to investigate the effect of naringenin on protein expressions of MDA-MB-231 cell Integrin β3, β1 and matrix metalloproteinase MMP-2 and MMP-9. The computer virtual docking technique was used to evaluate the combining capacity of naringenin and Integrin β3 in vitro.

RESULTNaringenin inhibited the migration of MDA-MB-231 cells in a dose-dependent manner. In wound healing and transwell experiments, with the increase in the concentration of naringenin, the number of migrant MDA-MB-231 cells and the invasion capacity of breast cancer cells decreased. Naringenin could inhibit the protein expression of Integrin β3 in a dose-dependent manner, but with unobvious effect on expression of Integrin β1. Besides, naringenin could significantly inhibit the protein expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9. The results of the computer virtual docking showed a negative value in the combining capacity between naringenin and Integrin β3, indicating the high affinity between them.

CONCLUSIONNaringenin can inhibit the growth capacity of breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231 and block the migration and invasion of breast cancer cells MDA-MB-231. Its mechanism is to down-regulate MMP-2 and MMP-9 expressions after combining with Integrin β3.

Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement ; drug effects ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Flavanones ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; Humans ; Integrins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Neoplasm Invasiveness

Objective To design an evaluation index system of scientific research performance in military medical universities and determine the weights of these indexs.Methods Through literature study,the Balanced Scorecard Card (BSC) is used to preliminarily design the evaluation index system of scientific research performance in military medical universities.And then the Delphi Method is used to finalize the valuation indexs.The weights of valuation indexes at all levels are determined based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP).The comprehensive weight is determined by math-statistical method.Finally,we quantify the qualitative indicators of third-level indicators,collect the data on scientific research performance of two departments in recent two years and evaluate the applicability of the system.Results A systematic and comprehensive evaluation system which can reflect the scientific research performance in military medical universities,comprise 8 first-level indicators,22 secondlevel indicators and 50 third-level indicators.The weights of valuation indexes at all levels have been determined.The empirical study shows that in the comprehensive level of B department is higher than that of A.But each department has its strengths in the aspects of four dimensions.For example,compared to the score of B department,the score of A department is significantly lower in the aspect of traditional scientific input and output,comparable in the two aspects of customers and internal processes,slightly lower in 2013 but higher in 2014 in the aspect of learning and growth.Conclusions The evaluation index system of scientific research performance based on the BSC and AHP comprise long term and short-term indicators,financial and non-financial indicators,explicit and implicit indicators,qualitative and quantitative indicators.Through using the scientific consultation,analysis and calculation methods,the evaluation index system is proved to be valid and reliable.Compared to the traditional evaluation system of scientific research performance,the evaluation system based on the BSA can better and more comprehensively reflect the level of scientific research,innovation ability and sustainable development trend of a department in the aspcet of applicability.

Mucosal melanoma of the head and neck (MMHN) is a rare malignancy.The sinonasal cavity and oral cavity are the most common primary sites.MMHN is a very aggressive malignant tumor,with the 5-year overall survival (OS) rate less than 30％.Currently,the optimal treatment modality remains unclear.In the najority of available retrospective studies,postoperative radiotherapy improves the local control of MMHN,but without significant effect on OS.This article aims to improve our understanding of the clinical features,diagnosis,staging,treatment modalities,and outcomes of this malignancy.

Objective To study the pathological characteristics of delayed xenograft rejection and the expression of donor ICAM-1 in mouse-to-rat cardiac xenografts. Methods BALB/c mice and Lewis rats served as donors and recipients respectively. The model of mouse-to-rat heterotopic heart xenotransplantation was established. The cardiac xenografts were harvested at 12 h, 24 h, 36 h, 48 h after transplantation and at the time when no pulsations could be detected in the transplanted heart respectively. The normal BALB/c mouse hearts were harvested as control group. The grafts were col lected to receive pathological and immunohistochemical examinations as well as to detect the level of ICAM-1 mRNA in the xenografts. Quantitive measurement of ICAM-1 expression in the grafts was done by using multimedia pathology imaging analysis system. RT-PCR products of xenografts were separated by agrose gels and the densities of the bands were determined by density scanning. Results The pathologic examination of xenografts showed hyperemia, hemorrhage with inflammatory cells infiltrated at 12 h after transplantation and they became more and more serious as time went on. The pathologic examination of rejected xenografts showed widespread intravascular thrombosis, hyperemi-a, hemorrhage, coagulative necrosis with a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrated. The stained color of vascular endothelial cells and cardiac myocytes was significantly more intensive in the xeno-grafts than that of normal BALB/c mouse hearts in the control group. The relative density values (ICAM-1/?-actin) were also significantly higher in the xenografts than that of the control group. Conclusion ICAM-1 expression in the xenografts was up-regulated, which was related with the development of the delayed xenograft rejection.