Objective To clarify the involvement of the free fatty acids(FFA)and lipid peroxida-tion in rat pancreatic tissue during the development of pancreatic injuries inducecd by long-term high-fat diet.Mehtods The male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=72) were randomized into 6 groups (n=12).One group (group control) received standard chow for 18 weeks, the other five groups (group HFD) were fed with a high-fat diet respectively for 2, 4, 6, 10 and 18 weeks.Serum TG and TCH, the his-topathological changes, pancreatic malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) ac-tivity and the concentration of free fatty acids in pancreatic tissues were examined.Pancreatic fibrosis was assessed using Sirius Red staining.The expression of desmin, a smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), platelet-derived growth factor receptor type β (PDGFRβ) and transforming growth factor131 (TGFβ1) was determined with immunohistochemistry.Results Pancreatic MDA content, the number of desmin and α-SMA positive cells were significantly increased in all the HFD groups.The FFA content, PDGFRβ, and TGFβ1 in pancreatic tissues increased in rats of 2, 4 and 6 week HFD groups accompa-nied with typical histological alternations including edema, capillary vessels hyperplasia, and focal aci-nar degeneration, vaculation of acinar and islet cells.In 6, 10 and 18 weeks HFD groups, the lesions had progressed and acinar cell atrophy, fatty replacement, deposition of hemosiderin, and interstitial collagen deposition were observed.Conclusions The increased amounts of FFA and lipid peroxidant in pancreatic tissues are associated with pancreatic cell injuryies and synthesis of collagen by activated PSCs during the chronic high-fat diet intake.

Objective To explore the clinical application of pereutaneous transluminal angioplasty(PTA) and endovascular bracket to treat lower extremity arteriosclorotic occlusion.Methods The clinical data of 36 patients(41 affected limbs)with lower extremity atherosclerotic occlusion who were treated with PTA and bracket implantation from Jan 2008 to Dee 2008 were summarized.Results The initial successful rate of PTA wag 95.1% (39/41).The clinical symptoms were considerably improved in 37 affected limbs,representing of pain disappearing,skin temperature increasing and the healing of refractory ulcer.The index of ankle to brachial significantly increased from 0.54±0.11 to 0.79±0.15(before v.s.after therapy).However,no improvement was observed in 3 affected limbs,and one affected limb Wag re-operated by the amputation.In the following 3 to 15 months.three superficial femorsI arteries were re-obstructed at the 5th,6th,12th month,respectively.One arteria tibialis pesterior was re-obstructed at the 8th month.The cumulative cure rate was 89.7%(35/39).Conclusions PTA is effective in treating atherosclerotic occlusive diseases.The endovascular bracket can increase the cumulative cure rate.PTA and endovascular bracket are safe and effective in treating lower extremity arteriosclerotie occlusion.

Objective To explore the association between complement C3 and the prevalence of simple fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Methods A total of 2 799 health check-up participants were recruited from Tianjin Medical University General Hospital-Health Management Centre. Serum C3 levels were measured using immunoturbidimetry method and simple fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis were diagnosed by liver ultrasonography and serum alanine aminotransferase concentration. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between quartiles of serum C3 levels and the prevalence of simple fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Results After adjusting for covariates, the odds ratios (95% confidence interval) of simple fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis for increasing quartiles of C3 were: 1.00 (reference), 2.15 (1.55, 3.01), 3.28 (2.35, 4.6) and 4.31 (3.11, 6.02); and 1.00 (reference), 4.54 (1.68, 15.91), 7.81 (3.02, 26.67) and 14.91 (5.94, 50.14) (both P for trend<0.000 1), respectively. Conclusions The study found that the elevated C3 levels were significantly associated with the prevalence of simple fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Further study is needed to clarify whether C3 has a predictive value for the occurrence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Objective To have a research on the improvement of visual field of advanced primary glaucoma with tubular visual field after the surgery.Methods Twenty-six patients in the hospital during Nov.2010-Dec.2011 were treated with the compound trabeculectomy.Have a comparison between the preoperative period and postoperative period about the visual field index,visual acuity,intra-ocular tension,bleb After 6-18 mouths following-up,have a summary on the complication rate.Results The visual field index,visual acuity,intra-ocular tension,bleb in the postoperative period were much better than that in the preoperative period.There were no serious complications after the surgery.Conclusion To use the compound trabeculectomy to treat the advanced primary glaucoma with tubular visual field patients is worthy to be promoted and applicated in clinical practice.This method is full of safety and availability.

Objective To study the short-and long-term results for Cockett syndrome caused acute deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the lower extremity by surgical thrombectomy or catheter-directed thrombolysis.Methods One hundred and two Cockett syndrome caused acute DVT cases were treated by surgical thrombectomy or catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) from Jan 2006 to Dec 2011.There were 52 patients treated by CDT (group A),and 50 cases by surgical thrombectomy (group B).All patients received warfarin treatment after operation.Results There were no significant differences in general clinical characteristics between the two groups.The limb edema reduction rates between the two groups were of no significant difference(83％ ± 6％ vs.82％ ± 8％ P ＞ 0.05).The venous patency were basically the same (64.6％ ± 6.7％ vs.65.3％ ± 7.2％,P ＞ 0.05).The mean time required was shorter in group A than in group B[(30.5 ±6.7) min vs.(97.5 ±23.6) min,P ＜0.01].The average hospital stay was shorter [(9.8±5.4) d vs.(17.7 ±8.2) d,P＜0.01],and morbidity was less[13.4％ vs.42％,P＜0.01].Eighty six patients were followed up.The circunference difference of thigh,the score of vein patency between the two groups were of no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Compared with surgical group,patients in CDT group have shorter hospital stay,less complication and similar long and shortterm results.

Objective To study the changes and significance of plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP),endothehn-1 (ET-1),von Willebrand factor (vWF) levels in newborns with persistent pulmonary hypertension (PPHN) after the treatment of sildenafil.Methods Sixty-six cases with PPHN group and 40 cases with non-PPHN (control group) were enrolled.PPHN group was in the treatment of sildenafil.Collected the blood when before the treatment of sildenafil and 3,7 d after treatment,respectively.Arterial blood gas were done and pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP) was measured before treatment and 3,7 d after treatment,and by the same time recording pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2).Plasma ANP,ET-1,vWF levels were measured by ELISA method.Results The levels of PASP,SpO2 arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2),arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and plasma ANP,ET-1,vWF in PPHN group before treatment [(66.5 ± 13.4)mm Hg (1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa),0.726 ±0.531,(46.3 ±7.2)mm Hg,(59.2 ± 7.4) mm Hg,(272.6 ± 20.3)ng/L,(221.3 ± 24.3) ng/L,(142.5 ± 20.3)％] compared with controlgroup [(25.0±6.2) mm Hg,0.896 ± 0.767,(88.3 ±7.6) mm Hg,(41.1 ±6.1) mm Hg,(68.4 ± 7.9) ng/L,(39.8 ± 6.5) ng/L,(95.3 ± 18.5)％] were statistically significant(P ＜ 0.05).Their levels in PPHN group 3 dafter treatment[(48.3 ± 3.2) mm Hg,0.841 ± 0.416,(73.6 ± 9.3)mm Hg,(50.5 ± 7.2) mm Hg,(102.6 ±20.3) ng/L,(79.6 ± 15.2) ng/L,(103.6 ± 14.1)％] were significantly improved,there was significantdifference compared with before treatment and control group(P ＜ 0.05).Their levels in PPHN group 7 d aftertreatment [(25.2 ± 3.6) mm Hg,0.882 ± 0.724,(85.4 ± 7.4) mm Hg,(40.2 ± 6.4) mm Hg,(64.4 ± 3.6)ng/L,(37.3 ± 5.4)ng/L,(92.9 ± 11.7)％] were significantly improved,there was significant difference compared with 3 d after treatment (P ＜ 0.05),the difference was no statistically significant compared with control group (P＞ 0.05).Linear correlation analysis showed that ANP,ET-1,vWF and PASP,PaCO2 were significantly positively correlated (P ＜ 0.01),ANP,ET-1,vWF and SpO2,PaO2 were significantly negatively correlated (P＜ 0.01).On the basis of cardiac ultrasound monitoring PASP,ANP evaluation of the efficacy of sildenafil sensitivity was 82.2％,specificity was 83.4％ ;ET-1 was 86.4％ and 87.6％; vWF was 85.1％ and 84.7％.Conclusion ANP,ET-1,vWF may play an important role in the mechanism of the treatment of PPHN by sildenafil,and could be used as an objective index to evaluate the effect of sildenafil on PPHN.

Objective To investigate the effect of proliferation,apoptosis and cell cycle of 3-MA on rat endothelial progenitor cells. Methods Bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells were isolated from rat bone marrow by ficoll. There were five groups. The control group and four 3-MA concentration groups: 1. 25 mmol/L,2. 5 mmol/L,5 mmol/L, 10 mmol/L. MTT was used to measure the proliferation of endothelial progenitor cells. Flow cytometry ( FCM) was used to detect cell apoptosis and cell cycle. Results (1)5 mmol/L 3-MA promotes proliferation of endothelial progenitor cells, while 10 mmol/L 3-MA inhibits the proliferation of endothelial progenitor cells (P ＜ 0. 05). (2) 10 mmol/L 3-MA promotes apoptosis of endothelial progenitor cells, compared with the control, the difference was significant ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). (3) 3-MA at the concentration of 5 mmol/L reduces cells at G0/G1 phase and increases S and G2/M phase cells; 10 mmol/L 3-MA induces endothelial progenitor cells blockade at S phase, G2/M phase cells decreased, compared with the control, the difference was significant (P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusions 5 mmol/L 3-MA promotes the proliferation of endothelial progenitor cells. 10 mmol/L 3-MA inhibits the proliferation and promotes apoptosis of endothelial progenitor cells.

Objective To explore the method of demonstrating main operative section of facial recess approach with multi-slice CT by using double oblique muttiplanar reconstruction.MethodsSimilarly as surgical procedure of facial recess approach,30 (60 eras) normal temporal bones in cadavers were reconstructed to observe main operative sections and anatomical marks.Main images of operative section of facial recess approach were reconstructed using double oblique multiplanar reconstruction on multislice CT.With the reference of operative anatomical marks,the ratios of visibility of anatomical marks on the transverse plane,coronal plane,sagittal plane and double oblique were calculated and compared.The degree,of which major anatomical landmarks were displayed on the same plane ( axial,coronal,sagittal,or doubleoblique sagittal plane),was classified using the following criteria: level 4: 100％ of anatomical landmarks were presented in the same plane; level 3: 90％ to 99％ of anatomical landmarks were presented in the same plane; level 2: 80％ to 89％ of anatomical landmarks were presented in the same plane; level 1: 70％ to 79％ of anatomical landmarks were presented in the same plane ; level 0: ＜ 70％ of anatomical landmarks were presented in the same plane.Classification data were tested by chi-square test.Results Four key operative section were involved in facial recess approach,which were of oblique sagittal orientation.The central mark of the first key operative section was semicircular canal by using double oblique multi-planar reformation.On reconstructed images of the first key operative section,horizontal reference line was short process of incus,and the angle adjusting the reference line on the transverse plane was 22.15° ±5.22°.On the reconstructed images of the first key operative section,coronal reference line was tympanic segment of facial canal,and the angle adjusting the reference line on the coronal plane was 14.35° ± 4.02°.On the reconstructed images of the second key operative section,the central mark was fossa incudis,the horizontal reference line was short process of incus and the angle was 20.15° ± 5.52°,while the coronal reference line was tympanic segment of facial cana,and the angle was 13.15° ± 3.33°.On the reconstructed operative images of the third key section,the central mark was pyramidal eminence,the horizontal reference line was the horizontal portion of the facial nerve and the angle was 32.53° ±5.22°,while the coronal reference line was the tympanic segment of facial nerve,and the angle was 15.05° ± 4.43°.On the fourth reconstructed images of the key operative section,the central mark was the posterior border of round window,the horizontal reference line was the superior border of oval window,and the angle was 50.15° ± 8.02°,while the coronal reference line was the tympanic segment of facial nerve,and the angle was 15.25° ± 4.12°.For the four planes (double-oblique sagittal,axial,coronal,or sagittal plane),the results of the degree to which they could include the major anatomical landmarks in the same layer of the first section were: level 4 in 60 sides,level 2 in 12 sides and level 3 in 48 sides,level 2 in 15 sides and level 3 in 45 sides,level 3 in 10 sides and level 4 in 50 sides,respectively.The results of the second section were: level 4 in 60 sides,level 2 in 11 sides and level 3 in 49 sides,level 2 in 13 sides and level 3 in 47 sides,level 3 in 11 sides and level 4 in 49 sides,respectively.The results of the third section were: level 4 in 60 sides,level 2 in 10 sides and level 3 in 50 sides,level 2 in 11 sides and level 3 in 49 sides,level 3 in 9 sides and level 4 in 51 sides,respectively.The results of the fourth section were: level 4 in 60 sides,level 2 in 9 sides and level 3 in 51 sides,level 2 in 8 sides and level 3 in 52 sides,level 3 in 5 sides and level 4 in 55 sides,respectively.The four planes differed significantly in the degree to which they could include the major anatomical landmarks in the same layer ( x2 =123.3200,121.4231,122.4011,125.4213,all,P ＜ 0.05 ).The visibility ratio of every section is 100％ (60/60).Conclusion Double oblique multi-planar reformation is a new method to demonstrate landmarks of operative section of facial recess approach in one slice.The reconstructive images of operative section with double oblique multi-planer reconstruction may provide valuable information for operation.

ObjectiveTo investigate the morphological and ultrastructural characteristics of pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) in a chronic pancreatitis murine model.MethodsSprague-Dawley rats were divided into experimental group (n=12) and control group (n=12).The experimental group was fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks whereas the control group received regular rat feed.Pathologic changes in the pancreas were observed by several morphological studies including a Sirius Red staining method,as well as immunostaining for desmin and a smooth muscle actin (a-SMA).TEM and immunoelectron microscopy were performed to study the ultrastructure of the PSCs.Results The number of desmin and α-SMA positive cells significantly increased in the HFD groups compared to the control group.The quiescent and activated PSC cells both coexisted in the pancreas in the HFD group.ConclusionsThe morphology and ultrastructural study of pancreatic stellate cells may be helpful for further functional studies on chronic pancreatic fibrosis.