Objective:To investigate the effects of Mycobacterium Phlei on functional states of Th_1/Th_2 in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD),and clinical effects on the prevention of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases(AECOPD).Method:60 patients with COPD of gradeⅡwere randomly divided into a treatment group and controlled group.The controlled group were given a routine therapy,while the treatment group were given utilins in addition to the routine treatment.The contents of?-interferon(IFN-?) and interleukin-4(IL-4) in their peripheral blood and their clinical efficacy were observed before and after the treatment.Result:Before and after the treatment, IFN-?/IL-4 ratio in the treatment group was 1.39?0.20 and 1.94?0.31 respectively(P

Objective To discuss causes and treatment outcomes of radial nerve injury related to hinged external fixators applied to the elbow,enhance understanding of the injury and thereby reduce its clinical incidence.Methods The study involved five cases who experienced radial nerve injury in the wake of application of unilateral hinged external fixators to the elbow.Exploration and neurolysis was perfomed at 3-12 weeks after injury since no signs of nerve recovery.Afterwards,follow-up was made for all cases.Results Causes of radial nerve injury were as follows:proximal humerus Schanz screws stretched and compressed radial nerve by tethering soft tissues into cicatricial bands in two cases; distal humerus Schanz screws compressed radial nerve by tethering soft tissues adjacent to radial nerve to cicatricial bands in one case; distal humerus Schanz screws compressed radial nerve in motion of the elbow by tethering thickened intermuscular septa and further forcing the enlargement of muscle force in two cases.Forces of muscles supplied by radius nerve reached fourth or fifth rank at postoperative one-year follow-up.Conclusions Radial nerve is vulnerable in the application of unilateral hinged external fixators to the elbow due to its special path and relative stability.Accordingly,injury to radial nerve can be reduced and even avoided by knowing its anatomy features and standardizing the operation in use of external fixators.Exploration and treatment immediately after the confirmation of radial nerve injury can achieve good prognosis.

Tendon/ligament injury is one of the most common impairments in sports medicine. The traditional treatments of damaged tissue repair are unsatisfactory, especially for athletes, due to lack of donor and immune rejection. The strategy of tissue engineering may break through these limitations, and bring new hopes to tendon/ligament repair, even regeneration. Silk is a kind of natural biomaterials, which has good biocompatibility, wide range of mechanical properties and tunable physical structures; so it could be applied as tendon/ligament tissue engineering scaffolds. The silk-based scaffold has robust mechanical properties; combined with other biological ingredients, it could increase the surface area, promote more cell adhesion and improve the biocompatibility. The potential clinical application of silk-based scaffold has been confirmed by in vivo studies on tendon/ligament repairing, such as anterior cruciate ligament, medial collateral ligament, achilles tendon and rotator cuff. To develop novel biomechanically stable and host integrated tissue engineered tendon/ligament needs more further micro and macro studies, combined with product development and clinical application, which will give new hope to patients with tendon/ligament injury.
Biocompatible Materials ; Humans ; Ligaments ; growth & development ; Regeneration ; Silk ; chemistry ; Tendons ; growth & development ; Tissue Engineering ; Tissue Scaffolds ; chemistry