1.Sex Determination Using Direct Photography Technique: a Mobile-phone Camera: A Digital Approach for Lip Prints Analysis in Malaysian Malay Population (Klang Valley) (Penentuan Jantina Menggunakan Teknik Fotografi Terus: Kamera telefon bimbit: Pendekatan Digital untuk Analisis Cetakan Bibir dalam Penduduk Melayu Malaysia (Lembah Klang)
Noor Hazfalinda Hamzah ; Yee Ze Goh ; Gina Francesca Gabriel ; Khairul Osman ; Nur Mahiza Md Isa
Malaysian Journal of Health Sciences 2023;21(No.1):105-114
Cheiloscopy may not be as well-known as other techniques of identification, such as fingerprint or DNA analysis, but it
has its own impact in the appropriate circumstances. Cheiloscopy has been recognized as an important tool for human
identification. A manual approach of studying lip prints was utilised by many researchers (magnifying glasses).
Nonetheless, the current study relied solely on a mobile phone camera to visually capture lip prints for sex determination.
377 samples of lip prints were analysed with Adobe Photoshop software and classified into six different types of lip print
patterns, according to Suzuki and Tsuchihashi classifications. Lip prints were divided into six sections including upper
left, upper middle, upper right, lower left, lower middle and lower right. Pearson's Chi-square test revealed significant
differences between male and female lip prints (p < 0.05) among the Malaysian Malay population of the Klang Valley,
with Type V (irregular pattern) lip prints being the most prevalent. In comparison to magnifying glasses, our studies
proved the ability to record and examine lip prints utilising a digital approach.