Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of bortezomib combined with dexamethasone and thalidomide in the treatment of autologous stem cell transplantation ( ASCT) in multiple myeloma ( MM) . Methods The randomized con-trolled trials ( RCTs) on combined therapy with bortezomib,dexamethasone and thalidomide for ASCT in MM were retrieved from Pubmed,Medline,the Cochrane Library,CNKI,VIP and Wanfang databases (published until December 2014).The method of the Cochrane systematic review was used to evaluate the quality of the included RCTs and the Review Manager 5.3.5 software was em-ployed for Meta-analysis. Results Five RCTs involving 1 271 patients were included.The meta analysis results showed that the complete remission ( CR) rate,near-CR rate and total effective rate were significantly higher after combined treatment with borte-zomib,dexamethasone and thalidomide when compared with those in other combination therapies [CR+nCR, RR=1.50,95%CI (1.16,1.94),P=0.002;the total effective rate,RR=1.13,95%CI (1.03,1.24),P=0.009].In terms of safety,the grade 3/4 ad-verse events were significantly increased in the group of combined therapy with bortezomib,dexamethasone and thalidomide [ RR=1.29,95%CI (1.05,1.59),P=0.02]. Conclusion Bortezomib combined with thalidomide and dexamethasone for the treat-ment of ASCT in MM can significantly improve the CR+nCR and the total effective rate,but it also increases the incidence of the overall adverse events at the same time.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the ultraviolet visible spectrophotometry(UV-VIS)for the determination of Fe content in iron dextran preparations.METHODS:Under the acidic condition,Fe~(3+)was dissociated from iron dextran solution by heating,then Fe~(3+)was deoxidized into Fe~(2+)by hydroxylamine hydrochloride,and red Fe~(2+)-orthophenanthroline complex was formed through combination with o-phenanthroline.The content of the Fe~(2+)-orthophenanthroline complex was determined by UV-VIS at a wavelength of 510 nm.RESULTS:The linear range of Fe~(2+)was 0.5～4.0?g?mL~(-1)(r=0.999 9). The average recoveries of two preparations(tablets and injection)of iron dextran were 99.8%(RSD=0.52%)and 99.7% (RSD=0.44%),respectively.CONCLUSION:The UV-VIS method is simple,accurate in results and applicable for the determination of iron dextran preparations.

Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of Chinese version of the Carlson's Prior Conditions Instruments(CPCI)for post-operative pain management practices of nurses.Methods With convenience sampling,a total of 200 surgical nurses were investigated with Chinese version Dimensions of Carlson's Prior Conditions Instruments (CPCI),and the reliability and validity were tested.Results Six factors were extracted by factor analysis and could explain 61.089％ of the total variance with the Chinese version of CPCI.The correlation between each sub-scale and total scale were ranged from 0.583～0.825.The Cronbach's α、split-half coefficient and test-retest reliability of PICI were 0.865、0.661、0.904 respectively.The Cronbach's α、split-half coefficient and test-retest reliability of each sub-scale were ranged from 0.772～0.860、0.678～0.830、0.822～0.946 respectively.Conclusions The revised Chinese CPCI is reliable and valid,and can be used in the research of prior conditions which may influence surgical nurses to take evidence-based pain management practices.

Abscess ; therapy ; Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Neck ; Retrospective Studies

ObjectiveTo evaluate the reliability and validity of Chinese version of Postoperative Pain Assessment Nursing Practice Questionnaire (PPA-NPQ).MethodsA forward-backward translation procedure was followed to develop the Chinese version of PPA-NPQ.A total of 258 surgical nurses were investigated by the revised Chinese version dimensions of PPA-NPQ,then the results were tested on reliability and validity by SPSS17.0.ResultsThe cronbach's α of the Chinese version of PPA-NPQ was 0.889.The split- half coefficient and testretest reliability of PPA-NPQ were 0.729,0.875 respectively ; the Cronbach's a,split- half coefficient and test-retest reliability of each sub-scale were ranged from 0.820-0.857,0.797-0.862,0.846-0.902 respectively.The correlation between each sub-scale and total scale were ranged from 0.704-0.818 (P ＜ 0.01 ).ConclusionThe revised Chinese PPA-NPQ is reliable and valid,and can be used to test the level of postoperative pain assessment practice by surgical nurse.

The severity of ischemic brain injury was closely associated with the mortality and disability of stroke. How to limit ischemic brain injm-y to the greatest extent and promote the recovery of neurological function is one of the most concerned hotspots at present in the field of neuroscience. A large number of studies have shown that a variety of factors involve in the pathological process of ischemic brain injury, in which, the role of T lymphocyte-mediated immune inflammatory response in ischemic brain injury has received increasing attention. This article mainly reviews the role of T cells in ischemic brain injury.

Stroke is a cerebrovascular disease type with high morbidity and mortality,of which ischemic stroke accounts for about 80％.Now,it is believed that the inflammatory mechanisms play an important role in the progress of pathological physiology of ischemic stroke.Peripheral T lymphocytes infiltrate to the damaged area within 24 hours after cerebral ischemia and are involved in the advance of inflammatory process of brain tissue.As a subtype of T lymphocytes,regulatory T cells are mainly located in the ischemic penumbra; however,at present,its role in ischemic brain injury remains controversial.The research on the mechanisms of regulatory T cells in ischemic stroke may contribute to further understanding of the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke and find new therapeutic targets.

Objective:To explore the Optimize concentrate process of loganin from Cornus officinalis by ultrafiltration-nanofiltration coupling technology. Methods:Based on single factor test, nanofiltration membrane pore size, transmembrane pressure difference and pH were selected as independent variables, and the rejection of loganin was used as dependent variables. Response surface methodology of Box-Behnken Design was applied to optimize the concentrate process of loganin from Cornus officinalis. Results:Ultrafiltration can remove polysaccharides and improve the filtrability of the solution. The optimum nanofiltration concentrate conditions were nanofiltration membrane pore size 400 Da, pH 6.7 and the transmembrane pressure difference was 1.20 MPa. The average cut-off rate of loganin was (91.9 ± 1.7)%, which was close to the theoretical cut-off rate of 93.6%.Conclusion:The loganin from Cornus officinalis has been concentrated efficiently by the combination of ultrafiltration and nanofiltration. The coupling technology is stable and feasible, whinc could avoid the transformation loss of heat-sensitive ingredients.

Objective To evaluate the effects of dexmedetomidine on inflammatory responses in lung tissues during one-lung ventilation (OLV) in patients undergoing esophageal cancer resection.Methods Forty American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 25-65 yr,with body mass index of 18-25 kg/m2,scheduled for elective radical resection of esophageal cancer,were divided into 2 groups (n=20 each) using a random number table:dexmedetomidine group (group D) and control group (group C).Dexmedetomidine was infused intravenously in a loading dose of 0.6 μg/kg over 10 min before induction of anesthesia,followed by an infusion of 0.4 μg · kg-1 · h-1 until 30 min before the end of operation in group D,and the equal volume of normal saline was given instead in group C.After intubation (T1),at 30,60 and 90 min of OLV (T2-4),and at 30 min after restoration of two-lung ventilation (T5),blood samples were taken from the internal jugular vein.Broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF)in ventilated lung was collected at T1-4.The concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α),interleukin-6 (IL) and IL-10 in plasma and BALF were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results Compared with group C,the plasma concentrations of TNF-α at T5 and IL-6 at T4,5 were significantly decreased,the plasma concentration of IL-10 was increased at T4,5,and the concentration of TNF-α in BALF at T4 and concentration of IL-6 in BALF at T3,4 were decreased,and the concentration of IL-10 in BALF was increased at T4 in group D (P＜0.05).Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can significantly ameliorate the inflammatory responses in lung tissues during OLV,thus reducing systemic inflammatory responses in patients undergoing esophageal cancer resection.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of China-made remifentanil in a randomized, controlled and double-blinded multi-center clinical study. Methods Two hundred and one patients were randomly divided into two groups: control group received intravenous fentanyl and study group received intravenous remifentanil. In both groups anesthesia was induced with propofol 1-2 mg ?kg-1 and fentanyl 2.5?g/kg or remifentanil 2 ?g/kg. Intubation was facilitated with succinylcholine 1.0-1.5 mg?kg-1. The patients were mechanically ventilated(VT 8-10 ml?kg-1 , RR 10 bpm) . Anesthesia was maintained with fentanyl at 0.03 ?g?kg-1?min-1 or 0.2?g?kg-1?min-1 supplemented with 66% N2O and intermittent iv boluses of vecuronium. The efficacy variables recorded were the changes in blood pressure(BP) and heart rate(HR) during surgical stimulation and the quality of anesthesia. The safety variables included BP and HR, the doses of ephedrine, atropine, urapidil and naloxone required during surgery, the volume of intraoperative blood loss, changes in EGG, and the pre- and post-operative liver and kidney function, extubation time, emergence time (opening eyes when the patient's name is being called), end-tidal CO2 before extubation, admission to PACU or ICU, and the unexpected events in postoperative period. Results The anesthetic efficacy of remifentanil was similar to that of fentanyl with better analgesic effect . Remifentanil wore off faster in comparable doses. Conclusion China-made remifentanil is a good and safe anesthetic with better analgesic effect.