24 cases(25 eyes)of traumatic cataract with various complications were performed combined operations such as vitrectomy and extracapsular lensectomy from behind to leave the anterior capsule followed by imp- lantation of IOL,vitrectomy and removal of intraocular foreign body followed by secon- dary extracapsular extraction of the cataract and IOL implantation when the lens became opaque,and removal of intraocular foreign body with extracapsular extraction of the lens and IOL implantation.The position of incision,the method of anterior capsulotomy and nucleus delivery,the irrigation and aspiration of lens cortex and the timing of the operation were discussed.

Objective　To analyze the surgical results of uveitis-complicated cataract.Methods　Cataract phacoemulsification surgery was performed on 31 eyes (29 patients) due to uveitis (iridocyclitis 14 eyes, Fuchs heterochromic cyclitis 7 eyes, intermediate uveitis 7 eyes, Vogt-koyanagi-harada syndrome 2 eyes, and sympathetic ophthalmia 1 eye). Follow-up period was 5～28 months, averaging 15 months. Retrospective analysis was made.Results　Postoperative visual acuity≥0.5 was 80%. One eye (Vogt-koyanagi-harada syndrome) showed severe anterior uveitic reaction; One eye (iridocyclitis) had fibrinous membranes on IOL, and white debris on IOL were found in 2 eyes (intermediate uveitis).Conclusion　By using less traumatic phacoemulsification technique to ocular tissue, taking meticulous care to avoid stimulating iris, cleaning up cortex thoroughly during surgery and implanting the IOL in the bag, less inflammatory reaction, less complication and better vision acuity postoperatively at relative quiescence period of uveitis can be achieved.

Objective:To improve the safety,rationality and efficacy of medication for ovarian cancer patients complicated with cirrhosis by the participation of clinical pharmacists in the therapy. Methods:Clinical pharmacists participated in the therapy for an ovarian cancer patient with cirrhosis,and provided a rational and individualized therapeutic regimen through the drug experience of clinical pharmacists as well as the relevant medical guides and literatures. Results:The therapeutic efficacy was increased by the participation of clinical pharmacists in the therapy,the potential risk of the chemotherapy was avoided and the security of medication was assured. Conclusion:The participation of clinical pharmacists in therapeutic practice can improve the normalization of pharmacotherapy for ovarian cancer patients with cirrhosis,which also can provide ideas and methods for treating the similar patients.

p38 signaling pathway is an important branch of mitogen-activated protein kinase（MAPK)-mediated signal transduction pathway. It plays pivotal roles in various physiological and pathological events, such as inflammation, cell stress, apoptosis, cell cycle and growth. Previous research in osteoarthritis, p38 participation was found in the inflammatory factors activate, cartilage cell apoptosis etc. Disc degeneration, also associated with inflammatory response, apoptosis and pathological changes which p38 MAPK signaling pathways role is not clear. Some reports about this area are reviewed in this article.

Objective To investigate the dynamic changes of splenocyte cytokines in mice immunized with the transgenic alfalfa containing Eg95-EgA31 fusion gene of Echinococcus granulosus (Eg). Methods Eighty-eight Balb/c mice were divided into 2 groups randomly according to body weights,and immunized orally or intranasally with 100μl or 10μl extracted leaf protein from the transgenic alfalfa(20 g/L) respectively once per 3 days for 2 months. Four mice randomized from each group were killed to get splenocyte on week 0(control),2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18 and 20 after the last immunization. The splenocyte were cultured in medium for 48 hours with EgAg or concanavalin A (ConA) stimulation to induce the interleukin (IL)-12,interferon γ(IFN-γ) and IL-10,and cultured for 72 hours with EgAg or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulus to induce the tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). Then the supernatant was collected to measure the level of IL-12,IFN-γ,TNF-α and IL-10 by ELISA. Results In the oral immunization group,the level of IL-12,IFN-γ,TNF-α and IL-10 increased significantly from week 4 to week 6,week 2 to week 8,week 2 to week 6 and week 4 to week 12,respectively,reaching the highest level(25.0±5.8)ng/L on week 4,(575.0±28.9)ng/L on week 2,(50.0±11.5)ng/L on week 2 and (42.5±2.9)ng/L on week 8,respectively,as compared with the values on week 0[(11.3±2.5),(125.0±28.9),(11.3±2.5),(12.5±2.9)ng/L,all P < 0.01]; in the intranasal immunization group,it was similar about the values of IL-12,IFN-γ,TNF-α and IL-10 could be seen from week 4 to week 6,week 2 to week 10,week 4 to week 10 and week 6 to week 16,respectively,reaching the highest level(25.0±5.8)ng/L on week 6,(725.0±28.9)ng/L on week 4,(27.5±2.9)ng/L on week 6 and (60.0±11.5)ng/L on week 6,respectively,as compared with the values on week 0[(11.3±2.5),(125.0±28.9),(11.3±2.5),(12.5±2.9)ng/L,all P < 0.01]. The cytokine levels in the groups with EgAg,ConA or LPS stimulus were significantly higher than those in the corresponding splenocyte suspension groups(P < 0.05 or < 0.01),and the cytokine levels in the groups with ConA or LPS stimulus were obviously higher than those in the corresponding groups with EgAg stimulation (P < 0.05 or < 0.01). Conclusion The mixed responses of Th1 and Th2 types can be induced in mice immunized with the transgenic alfalfa in the early period post immunization(2-10 weeks).

Objective To investigate the change of splenocyte subsets in Balb/c mice immunized with transgenic alfalfa(Medicago sativa)containing Eg95-EgA31 fusion gene of Echinococcus granulosus(Eg) and challenged with Eg protoscoleces.Methods Leaf protein was extracted from transgenic alfalfa containing Eg95-EgA31 fusion gene by heat-coagulation method,and concentration of 20 g/L was used in the study.Meanwhile,leaf protein extracted from the transgenic alfalfa containing blank vector(pBI121)and the normal alfalfa was served as control.Thirty-two female Balb/c mice were randomly divided into 4 groups,8 mice in each group.Oral group was immunized with the leaf protein containing Eg95-EgA31 fusion antigen intragastrically(100μl per mouse);intranasal group was immunized with the leaf protein containing Eg95-EgA31 fusion antigen intranasally(10 μl per mouse);blank vector group was vaccinated intranasally with 10μl leaf protein with blank vector(pBI121);and normal control group was given 100μl normal leaf protein intragastrically.All mice in the above mentioned groups were immunized every 3 days for 2 months.Then,the mice were challenged intraperitoneally with Eg protoscoleces(50 protoscoleces per mouse)8 weeks after last vaccination and sacrified 24 weeks pest infection to separate the splenocytes.Flow cytometry was used to measure the percentages of CD4+ and CD8+ T ceils subsets.Resuits Compared with the normal control group(0.166±0.018,0.083±0.006,2.019 ±0.369),the percentages of CD4+(0.286±0.009)and CD8+(0.102±0.004)T cell subsets and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+(2.814±0.014)in oral group increased significantly (P<0.01 or<0.05).The percentage of CD4+ subset(0.269±0.016)and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+(2.955±0.986) in intranasal group was significantly higher than that ofthe normal control group(all P<0.01).The percentage of CD4+ subset in oral group was significantly higher than that of the intranasal group(P<0.05).No significant difference was found in the percentages of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ between the blank vector group(0.169±0.018,0.093±0.019,1.852±0.188)and the normal control group(all P>0.05).Conclusions CD4+ T cell may play an important role in the protection induced by transgenic alfalfa vaccine against the challenge of Eg protoscoleces.Intragastrical immunization may be a good route.

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for determination of thyroid-stimulating antibody in the sera of patients with Graves' disease was established using ganglioside (GLS) purified from bovine brain as binder. It was applied in clinical practice. The results showed that LATS could react with ganglioside under suitable conditions. Very significant difference was observed between normal subjects and untreated GD (P

Objective To analyze and discuss the clinical effect of sequential radiotherapy and chemotherapy in 40 patients with advanced gastric cancer after operation.Methods 80 postoperative gastric cancer patients who received sequential radiotherapy and chemotherapy in our hospital were prospectively analyzed.According to the order of admission,80 patients were divided into two groups,40 cases of the control group(chemotherapy)and 40 cases of the observation group(sequential chemotherapy).The clinical effects of the two groups were compared.Results In the observation group,1 year survival rate and 2-year survival rate(77.50%,47.50%)were higher than those in the control group(50.00%,25.00%),there were statistically significant differences between the two groups(x2=19.20,32.65,all P<0.05).The incidence rate of adverse reactions of the control group was 12.50%,which was lower than 30.00% of the observation group,there was statistically significant difference between the two groups(x2=9.15,P<0.05).The mortality rate of the observation group was 32.50%,which was lower than 45.00% of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(x2=5.29,P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with the simple chemotherapy after the operation of gastric cancer,sequential radiotherapy and chemotherapy can effectively improve the clinical efficacy,significantly reduce the rate of postoperative metastasis and recurrence of gastric cancer,and it is worthy of promoting.

Objective To study the effect of gemcitabine combined with cisplatin in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer.Methods 100 cases of non-small cell lung cancer patients who were treated in our hospital from March 2015 to August 2016 were selected as the subjects in this study.They were randomly divided into the control group and the experimental group, with 50 cases in each group.The control group were treated with gemcitabine combined with cisplatin, and routine nursing care was used.The experimental group were given psychological intervention on the basis of gemcitabine combined with cisplatin treatment, pay attention to the psychological status of patients, medical staff should strengthen communication, inform the relevant knowledge of disease, eliminate the negative emotions, improve the treatment compliance.Anxiety scores and satisfaction between the experimental group and the control group were compared.Results After the corresponding nursing, the treatment satisfaction of the control group was 72.0%, which was lower than that of the experimental group, and the satisfaction rate was 92.0%, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).After the intervention, the anxiety score of the experimental group(36.83±4.23)was significantly lower than that of the control group(42.12±3.41), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).There was no significant difference in survival rate between the two groups after a follow-up of 1 years.Conclusion Gemcitabine Combined with cisplatin in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, the application of psychological intervention nursing can help patients to eliminate anxiety in a large extent, improve patient satisfaction, with further clinical promotion and application significance.

Objective To investigate the expression of snrvivin,an anti-apoptosis gene,in breast cancer tissues and its relationship with clinical parameters of breast cancer patients.To investigate the role of survivin in oncogenesis of breast cancer and its relation with prognosis of breast cancer.Methods Western blot was conducted to detect survivin expression in cancerous tissues and adjacent tissues of 50 breast cancer patients.20 normal breast tissue samples were used as control.Results Survivin was expressed in 38 of the 50 breast cancer tissues (76.0%)and in 11 of 50 breast adjacent normal tissues(22.0%)while no expression was found in normal tissues.The positive protein expression of survivin was related to axillary lymph node metastasis of breast cancer while it was not related to expression of PR,ER,Her-2 or ages of patients.Conclusion Survivin may play a role in breast tumorigenesis and is an important predictive parameter in breast cancer patients.