The duck hepatitis B surface antigen(DHBsAg)particles were purified from the s-era of ducks by sucrose rate zonal and KBr isopycnic centrifugation.Analysis of DH-BsAg by SDS-PAGE revealed the major polypeptide to be 18Kd.The anti-DHBsAg-serum was made by immunizing cavy or rabbit and the anti-DHBsA-IgG was purifiedby DEAE-Sephadex A50.A simple,specific and sensitive Reverse Passive Hemgglutin-ation Assay for DHBsAg have been established with the method of Glutaraldehyde T-wo-step Procedure.The sera of ducks from three districts determined by RPHA andelectromicroscopy showed that the geographic distribution of DHBV is uneven and thearea of higher incidence of hepatitis B is also that of duck DHBV infection.So.therewould be other environmental facts influencing the uneven distribution of DHBV,andprobably that of HBV.

Objective To study the half quantitative diagnostic method of the high-risk gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) with analyzing the characteristic of high-risk and lower risk GISTs with multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT). Methods CT findings of 46 patients with 51 GIST lesions were retrospectively analyzed. The location, size, shape, boundary, growth pattern and other specialties of the tumors in high-risk and lower risk GISTs were studied, moreover statistical analysis was conducted, logistic regression equation was obtained. Results Significant difference was found in tumors' location, size, shape, boundary and distant metastasis between the two types of GISTs. There were obvious correlation between the risk level and tumors' size and boundary which could be used to build the diagnostic equation of high-risk GISTs. Conclusion The equation ln [P/(1-P)]=-2.612X_3+0.371X_5 (X_3:tumors' boundary, X_5:tumors' size) is valuable in the diagnosis of high-risk GISTs.

Objective To investigate the compassion fatigue and stress status and the relationship between them of nurses working in secondary hospitals of integrated areas of urban and rural places, and explore the social factors that influence the compassion fatigue and stress status. Methods 378 nurses from secondary hospitals in urban-rural integrated area were selected as samples in Nanjing. Paramedic′s Compassion Fatigue Scale and Chinese Nurse Stressor Questionnaire were adopted to develop the survey. Results The nurse compassion fatigue score was (15.9 ± 1.83) points; Stress status score was (86.18 ± 19.96) points. Urban-rural fringe secondary hospital nurse compassion fatigue status was positively associated with the pressure (r=0.218, P<0.01), and loss of enthusiasm, nervousness, loss of ability to doubt, and morale were on the medical staff work pressure had significant influence (P<0.05). Conclusions The nurse compassion fatigue and stress level were in the medium level; Nursing managers should pay more attention to the psychological health level of the nurses, increase nurses' enthusiasm, alleviate the occupational stress of nurses caused by compassion fatigue.

Treatment of hormonal refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) is nowadays a challenge in the clinic. Although different types of treatment such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, biotherapy, and radioisotope treatment have been used, their effects on patients' survival is uncertain. Docetaxel plus prednisone has been confirmed to be the first line regimen, which can effectively increase patients' survival. Zoladronic acid has been demonstrated to be efficacious in reducing bone related events, and has been widely applied in bone metastasis of prostate cancer. Targeted therapy is currently under intensive investigation for HRPC treatment, and many early clinical studies have shown their effective results, and further studies with larger samples may prove their efficacy. This review will cover different topics in terms of the treatment of hormonal refractory prostate cancer and update the progresses in recent clinical trials.

Spinal cord plasticity includes spontaneous neuronal plasticity and task-dependent plasticity which was respectively driven by spinal cord injury and special treatment.Spontaneous plasticity occurred at neuronal and synaptic sites,displaying various forms of axonal sprouting,unmasking of relatively ineffective functional connections and modification of synaptic efficacy.Task-dependent plasticity demonstrated reactivation of central generator pattern and functional reorganization of extensive spinal circuits.Exploration,induction and guidance of spinal cord plasticity will help determine the most optimal treatments and expand therapy methods to further promote function recovery of patients with spinal cord injury.

Objective To observe the effects ofXiaotan Sanjie Decoction on ultramicrostructure in MKN-45 human gastric cancer orthotopic xenograft;To discuss its mechanism for gastric cancer. Methods MKN-45 human gastric cancer cell line was used to establish subcutaneous tumor model in nude mice as an experimental model which passed three generations of tumor source. Then OB glue was used to establish human gastric cancer orthotopic xenograft model. 40 model nude mice were divided into control group, model group (received gavage with saline),Xiaotan Sanjie Decoction group (received garage withXiaotan Sanjie Decoction) and Tegafur group (received gavage with Tegafur), 10 mice in each group. Mice in the control group were under normal diet, without medicine intervention. After 6 weeks of treatment intervention, tumor weight was detected, inhibitory rate was calculated, the ultrastructural changes of gastric cancer cells were detected through transmission electron microscopy.Results The tumor weight inXiaotan Sanjie Decoction group was significantly lower than that in control group and model group (P<0.05,P<0.01). The tumor inhibition rate was 46.2%. Under the electron microscope, MKN-45 gastric cancer cells strain changed to typical apoptosis.ConclusionXiaotan Sanjie Decoction can lead to apoptosis effects on MKN-45 human gastric cancer orthotopic xenografts. All evidences indicate that inducing apoptosis may be one of the most important mechanisms ofXiaotan Sanjie Decoction in treating gastric cancer.

Food Contamination ; Humans ; Infant ; Triazines ; toxicity ; Urinary Calculi ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy

Adult ; Carcinosarcoma ; pathology ; Female ; Heart Neoplasms ; pathology ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; pathology ; Myocardium ; pathology

Objective To explore the mechanism of Xiaotansanjie recipe on MKN-45 human gastric cancer orthotopic transplantation tumor with microsatellite instability. Methods MKN-45 human gastric cancer cell line was used to establish subcutaneous tumor model in nude mice as an experimental model which passed three generations of tumor source. Then OB glue was used to establish human gastric cancer orthotopic xenograft model. Twenty model nude were divided into model group and Xiaotansanjie recipe group (treated with Xiaotansanjie recipe). After 6 weeks of treatment intervention, tumor weight was measured, inhibitory rate was calculated and microsatellite instability (D17S250, D2S123, D5S346, Bat-25 and Bat-26) was detected. Results The tumor weight in Xiaotansanjie recipe group was significantly lower than that in model group (P<0.01). The tumor-inhibition rate was 40.84%. Five microsatellite markers (D17S250, D2S123, D5S346, Bat-25 and Bat-26) were amplified in the tumor tissue of model group, and microsatellite markers D2S123, D5S346 appeared some prolong and reduction. Microsatellite markers (D2S123, D5S346) mutation was stabilized after 6 weeks treatment of Xiaotansanjie recipe. Conclusion Xiaotansanjie recipe can inhibit the MKN-45 human gastric cancer orthotopic transplantation tumor by down-regulating the microsatellite instability.

Objective To apply failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) to reduce nursing risk of peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC).Methods 100 patients with PICC in central hospital of Minxing District of Shanghai were named as the experimental group,failure mode and effect analysis were performed in this group to obtain the value of risk priority number (PRN) and array them according to the RPN value to work out improved plan systematically and put it into practice to guide the clinical operation and nursing care.98 PICC patients in Xinzhuang health service center and Tumor Hospital of Minhang district were set as the control group,which were subjected to traditional nursing.All statistical analysis were done by SPSS 11.0 software package,the differences of the incidence of PICC-related nursing risk between the two groups due to the implementation of FMEA was analyzed by X2 test.Results Application of FMEA could reduce the nursing risk of PICC,After the application of FMEA,the incidence of PICC-related complications such as focal or systemic infection,puncture site oozing and bleeding,skin allergies,mechanical phlebitis,too deeply placed catheter,catheterization into cervical veins and reflexed into axillary vein,catheter occlusion,catheter migration,difficult removal of catheter,puncture failure in the experimental group decreased obviously,the differences had statistical meaning.Conclusions The application of failure mode and effects analysis can reduce the nursing risk of PICC,decrease medical disputes,alleviate the suffering of patients,reduce medical costs caused by PICC-related complications,and improve the satisfaction degree of patients and the quality of nursing care.