Abstract?AlM: To study the number of myogenin - positive activated satellite cells in the inferior oblique muscles and the medial muscles of V- pattern exotropia with inferior oblique overaction, to further explore the possible etiological factors of V-pattern exotropia with inferior oblique overaction.? METHODS: The inferior oblique muscles and the medial muscles were cut from V - pattern exotropia patients with inferior oblique overaction during strabismus operation treated as the strabismus group. Cross sections were stained immunohistochemically for the presence of activated satellite cells, as identified by myogenin immunoreactivity. The inferior oblique muscles and the medial muscles were obtained from the corneal transplant donors ( six eyes of six cases) , which treated as the control group.? RESULTS: The frequency of myogenin - positive satellite cells of the inferior oblique muscles was (22. 7± 7.03)% and (4. 2±0. 75)% in the strabismus group and the control group. Significant differences existed in the expression of myogenin in two groups (P<0. 05). Again, the frequency of myogenin-positive satellite cells of the medial muscles was (2. 2±0. 75)% and (4. 5±1. 05)% in the strabismus group and the control group. Significant differences also existed in the expression of myogenin in two groups (P<0. 05).?CONCLUSlON: lt is first report that myogenin-positive satellite cells presents in extraocular muscles of V -pattern exotropia with inferior oblique overaction. The current results suggest that myogenin is one of possible etiological factors of V-pattern exotropia with inferior oblique overaction.

With the worldwide increase in adult-to-adult live donor liver transplantation, more profound basic and clinical medical research has ensued to solve the key problem of graft failure following liver transplantation. The present status of the study of small-for-size liver syndrome was summarized. Its definition, risk factors, pathogenesis,clinical manifestations, prevention and treatment were included.

Dipeptydil-peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are designed as oral anti-hyperglycemic drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes owing to their effects on the incretin system through sparing incretin hormones including glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) from rapid degradation by DPP-4.It has been shown that GLP-1 signaling may exert beneficial effects on cardiovascular system.In addition to GLP-1,DPP-4 physiologically cleaves cytokines,chemokines,and neuropeptides involved in inflammation,immunity,and vascular function.It means that DPP-4 inhibitors hold promise for cardiovascular protection independent of GLP-1.And its modulation of endothelial progenitor cells,infiammatory pathway,ischemic response,and lipid metabolism emerges as the major cardiovascular target of DPP-4 inhibitors.

Objective To observe the short-term clinical effect of compound sophora injection combined with Java brucea fruit oil emulsion injection for palliative treatment of advanced malignant tumors. Methods Totally 120 cases of advanced malignant tumor patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, each contains 60 cases. The control group was treated with Java brucea fruit oil emulsion, and the treatment group took compound sophora injection additionally by intravenous infusion one time daily. The cycle was 24 d. After 3 cycles, the curative effect, pain relief, improvement situation of quality of life and adverse reactions of the two groups were observed. Results Feasible curative effect evaluation of 112 patients showed:The disease control rate in the treatment group was 89.5% (51/57), and the control group was 74.5% (41/55). The total effective rate of cancer pain relief of the treatment group was 91.2%(52/57), and the control group was 70.9% (39/55). The improvement rate of life quality of the treatment group was 70.2% (40/57), and the control group was 49.1% (27/55). The differences between the two groups was significant (P<0.05). There was no difference in hematology toxicity, liver and kidney function, gastrointestinal adverse reactions and itchy skin incidence between the two groups (P>0.05). And the treatment group had a lower incidence of phlebitis than the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Compound sophora injection combined with Java brucea fruit oil emulsion for palliative treatment can improve curative effect, significantly improve patients’ quality of life, it was a safe and effective way in treating advanced malignant tumors.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of combined use of traditional Chinese and Western medicine for chronic pelvic inflammatory diseases.Methods By searching in the major databases of CNKI,ISI Web of Knowledge,VIP Information and Pubmed,we collected data of randomized controlled trials pertaining to combined use of traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammatory diseases.Results Twenty-five randomized controlled trials involving totally 3081 patients were collected according to the inclusion criteria,and meta-analysis of the data indicated that combined use of traditional Chinese and Western medicine can be of great value in the management of chronic pelvic inflammatory diseases in comparison with exclusive use of Western medicine [combined odds ratio(OR)was 3.20 with 95% confidence interval(CI)(2.74,3.73),Z=14.85,P＜0.01].Conclusion The clinical evidence derived from the analysis suggests that the combination of traditional Chinese and Western medicine for chronic pelvic inflammatory diseases can be effective with good security.

Mycophenolate acid is a novel immunosuppressive drug. Its target of action is the isomerⅡof inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase(IMPDH). It inhibits de nove purine synthesis and also decreases expression of adhesive molecule. It inhibits selectively the proliferation of lymphocyte, so that it has strong immunosuppressive effects on various rejections to allograft or xenograft, and on autoimmune diseases, and has the features of higher potency and lower toxicity.

Young talents are the reserve forces of hospital's discipline construction.The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University has made remarkable achievements in the young talent construction by taking some innovative measures.These measures included actively exploring evaluation methods for new staff during probation period,strengthening their scientific,English and clinical skills,selecting excellent young talents and encouraging them to further their study abroad,setting up position of scientific research assistant and cultivating backbone professionals.The hospital has gradually formed a complete step and strategy for implementing talent construction and disciplinary development.

Objective:To establish a method for the determination of specnuezhenide in traditional decoction and granules of Zish-enwufa formula, and compare the content between them. Methods:HPLC was used for the determination. The samples were analyzed on a Waters Symmetry C18 column (150 mm × 3. 9 mm,5 μm) with acetonitrile-water (16 ∶84) as the mobile phase. The flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1 and the detection wavelength was 224nm. Results: A good linearity of specnuezhenide was within the range of 0.179 2-3.316 μg(r=0.999 9),and the average recovery of berberine hydrochloride was 101.65% with RSD of 1.49%(n=6). Conclusion:The determination method is simple, accurate and sensitive with good reproducibility,which can be used for the determi-nation of specnuezhenide in the preparation. The content of specnuezhenide in the traditional decoction and granules of Zishenwufa for-mula is similar.

Objective To study severe or rare complications following radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for liver cancer. Methods Clinical records of severe or rare complications following RFA in 272 cases of liver cancer from January 2002 to December 2004 were retrospectively studied. Results A total of 301 RFA procedures were performed in the 272 cases. The incidence of severe or rare complications was 3.32% (10/301), and the death rate was 0.66% (2/301). Complications included 1 case of intraperitoneal hemorrhage, 2 cases of infection (1 case of peritonitis with sepsis and 1 case of liver Abscess superimposed upon bilioma), 3 cases of upper gastrointestinal bleeding (including 1 case of hemobilia), 1 case of hepatic arteriovenous fistula, 1 case of hemo-pneumothorax, 1 case of esophagopleural fistula and 1 case of needle-tract implantation of tumor. Conclusions In order of frequency,severe complications following RFA are upper gastrointestinal bleeding,infection and intraperitoneal hemorrhage.

Objective To explore the pharmacological function of immune enhancer of gypenosides and discuss the dose-effect relationship.Methods The gypenosides was used as an immune enhancer to cure the immune deficit mouse and observe non-specific immunological function by carbon clear test.All of the mice were administrated with CTX and then were divided into six groups:control group,high dose group,middle dose group,lower dose group.Respectively,the carbon clear test was performed in each group and the variation of non-specific immune function was observed.Results The carbon clear test showed that the index of carbon clear test in control group was markedly decreased while the index of carbon clear testing high and middle group was increased.The effect of gypenosides was dose-dependent on the non-specific immune.Conclusion Gypenosides can markedly increase the non-specific immune function.