The adipokines is a class of active substances secreted by adipose tissue,with the function of regulating the body glucose balance and others.Some experiments prove Roux-en-Y gastric bypass postoperative plasma levels of adipokines will change that play an important role in improving islet function in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Here,the author will make a review about the adipokines role in pathways and postoperative level changes,etc,in order to further explore the mechanism of the surgical treatment of diabetes.

Objective To explore the value of FIB-4 and APRI index on evaluating the severity of liver fibrosis among patients with chronic hepatitis B(CHB).Methods A total of 218 CHB were enrolled in the study.Based on the staging of liver fibrosis,the patients were divided into 2 groups as S0-S2 group(n=120) and S3-S4 group(n=98).Differences in clinical data,laboratory indexes,FIB-4 and APRI index were compared between two groups.The correlation between FIB-4 index,APRI index and liver fibrosis were analyzed by Spearman correlation test.Receiver operator curve(ROC) test was used to determine the evaluating value of FIB-4 index and APRI index for the severity of liver fibrosis.Results To evaluate the staging≥S2 of liver fibrosis,the value of FIB-4 index was better than APRI index(Z=1.998,P=0.046).And to evaluate the staging≥S3 and S4 of liver fibrosis,the value of FIB-4 index for evaluating the staging≥S3(Z=1.177,P=0.239) or S4(Z=0.267,P=0.789) was the same as APRI index.Conclusion FIB-4 index and APRI index are both effective on evaluating the severity of liver fibrosis among patients with CHB,but the value of FIB-4 index is better than APRI index for evaluating early liver fibrosis.

Objective To analyze clinical characteristics of acute mesenteric venous thrombosis (AMVT) and its diagnositic methods. Methods Medical records of 16 patients diagnosed as SMVT in Friendship Hospital of Beijing during October 1985 to October 2002 were collected and analyzed, and its clinical characteristics and diagnostic methods were summarized.Results Median age of the 16 patients was 45.9 years, ranged from 19 to 64 years. Their main symptoms at admission were abdominal pain (100%), abdominal distension (100%), acute abdomen (100%), vomiting (75%, 12/16) and fever (75%, 12/16), with an underdiagnosis rate of 75% (12/16) and case-fatality ratio of 44% (7/16).Conclusions AMVT had several specific manifestations. Early clinical diagnosis for AMVT could be established on the basis of abdominal color doppler ultrasonography, diagnostic abdominocentesis, CT and selective superior mesenteric arteriography, and its case-fatality could be lowered with early surgical operation.

Objective To assess the level of environmental hormone (EH) in Lanzhou reach of the Yellow River and to find the pollutant sources and pollution routes. Methods Solid phase extraction (SPE), gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography (GC-FID) were employed to determine EH in the water samples. Results 10 kinds of EH were detected, of which 6 were the priority control pollutants determined by the American EPA and 6 were predominant pollutants in China. 10 EH detected in Lanzhou reach of the Yellow River included naphthalene, phenanthrene, DBP, DEHP and benzothiazole and the detection rates of the five EH were 40%, 60%, 100%, 100% and 20% respectively. Conclusion The predominant environmental hormone pollutants in Lanzhou reach of the Yellow River are PAEs, PAHs, heterocycles, phenols and the main source of these pollutants is the waste water of petroleum chemical industry.

10 years) groups.The form and function of ventricle were measured.And the blood pressure,hemoglobin,plasma albumin,pre-albumin,lipid,C responsive protein,calcium,phosphate and parathyroid hormone before dialysis were determined.Results The cardiac output(CO) of 1～2 years group was the highest.The left ventricular end-systolic and end-diastolic dimension(LVEDd/s)and left ventricular mass index(LVMI)of ≤1 year group were the lowest.With the increase of the dialysis ages,the blood pressure and the proportion of diabetes patients and those with LVH decreased,but the hemoglobin,plasma albumin,pre-albumin,calcium,phosphate and parathyroid hormone increased,while the CRP decreased.Conclusion With the increase of the dialysis ages,the left ventricular function of the uremic hemodialysis patients improves,which is probably associated with the improvement of anemia,malnutrition and inflammation.

Objective To explore the acute effects of nickel in air PM2.5 on the cardiovascular system of rats.Methods The air PM2.5 of nickel-contaminated area and control area were collected and determined for some major metal elements.42 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 10 groups,6 rats in each,the rats were instilled through trachea with saline,PM2.5 suspension of nickel-contaminated area and the control area respectively,at different doses(low,moderate and high dose).24 hours later,all the rats were killed for the determination of sVCAM-1 in the blood and MCP-1 in the myocardial tissue.Results The concentration of nickel in the air PM2.5 of nickel-contaminated area was found to be about 50 times higher than that in the control area.A good dose-response relationship was found in MCP-1 determination of the heart tissue in nickel-contaminated groups,and there were significant differences between nickel-contaminated area group and other groups(P﹤0.05).As for the sVCAM-1 in the serum,it was significant higher in the nickel-contaminated group and control group than the saline control group(P﹤0.05).Among the groups of nickel-contaminated area and control area,significant differences were found between the moderate and high dose groups.Conclusion The air PM2.5 from nickel-contaminated area has an obvious effect on the MCP-1 and sVCAM-1 of rats,the nickel in the air PM2.5 is likely the main contributing factor.

Objective:To explore the clinical features and risk factors of systemic inflammatory responses syndrome (SIRS) after flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy (FURL) with upper urinary tract stones.Methods:A retrospective of 157 patients with upper urinary calculi treated by FURL who were admitted to Suzhou First People′s Hospital from January 2018 to October 2020 were selected to analyze the treatment results and complications of the patients. Patients were divided into SIRS group ( n=31) and non-SIRS group ( n=126) according to whether they were complicated by SIRS. The clinical data between the two groups were analyzed by a single factor, and the factors with statistical significance were included in the LASSO-Logistic regression analysis. Visualize the model through the Nomogram, and verify and evaluate the discrimination and accuracy of the model. Results:The results of univariate analysis showed that gender( P=0.010), average stone size ( P<0.05), preoperative urine white blood cell count ( P<0.05), operation time ( P<0.05) and postoperative stone bacterial culture ( P<0.05) were different between the two groups and the differences were statistically significant. The LASSO-Logistic regression analysis results show that the above factors were all independent risk factors for patients with SIRS. The Nomogram complicated SIRS risk prediction model constructed based on the above risk factors has good discrimination and high consistency with actual observations. Conclusion:Females, large stones, high preoperative white blood cell counts, longer operation time, and positive bacterial culture of postoperative stones are independent risk factors for SIRS after FURL in patients with upper urinary calculi.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) for rectal carcinoid tumors. Methods From January 2006 to January 2009, EMR was performed in 28 patients with rectal carcinoids, who were followed up to evaluate the therapeutic effect and safety. Results Tumor diameters varied from 0.4 cm to 1. 2 cm (mean 0.7± 0. 2 cm). Negative resection margin was a-chieved in 26 cases (92. 9% ), tumor margin within 0. 1 cm of resection margin in 1 (7. 1% ) , and two margins coincided in 1 patient (7. 1% ). Hemostasis was performed with metal clips in 14 patients (50% ) and argon plasma coagulation (APC) in 9 (32. 1% ). Except for rectal bleeding in 1 patient (3. 6% ) , no other complications were observed. There was no recurrence in any patients during a follow-up of 6-36 months. Conclusion EMR is a useful and safe method for treatment of small rectal carcinoid tumor which does not cross submucosal layer.

AIM: To investigate the growth inhibition of Candida albicans mediated by vaginal epithelial cells and determine if estrogen affects the anti-fungal activity. METHODS: C_ 57BL/6J mice vaginae from estrogen treatment group, diestrus group and ovariectomized group were excised, respectively. The vaginae were dissociated into single cell suspension by dispase and collagenaseⅠ. The epithelial nenriched cells were used as effector cells. Blastoconidia of C. albicans were used as target cells. After coincubation of effector with target for 9 h, the target cells growth density was observed, percent growth inhibition was calculated, and ultra-structural changes were observed. RESULTS: After coincubation of effector cells with target cells for 9 h, growth density of C. albicans was visibly reduced and it's growth activity was inhibited. Compared to ovariectomized group and diestrus group, vaginal epithelial cells from estrogen-treated mice had less ability to inhibit the growth of C. albicans (P