Objective To explore the clinical diagnosis value of colonoscopy and pathological examination for the etiology of colon and rectum ulcer.Methods 120 patients with colorectal ulcer were examined by colonoscopy and pathological examination,and differential diagnosed.Results The rate of endoscopic diagnosis combined pathological diagnosis for ulcerative colitis,tuberculosis,crohn's disease,amebic,chronic bacterium dysentery were different from the endoscopic diagnosis rate and pathological diagnosis rate,the differences were significant (x2 =12.37,13.58,15.02,17.77,18.39,P ＜ 0.05 ) ; In the nausea lymphoma,colorectal cancer,endoscopic diagnosis combined pathological diagnosis with quite a statistically significant difference between the rate of endoscopic diagnosis( x2 =10.95,11.40,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion For the colorectal ulcer disease,colonoscopy combined pathological examination was an ideal means of inspection.

Objective To discuss the application value of cancer gene c-erbB-2 and its protein products P185 in evaluation of the diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer with lymph node metastasis,and to explore the relationship between c-erbB-2 expression and tumor pathology classification,relapse.Methods 112 cases with mammary disease were selected as the research subjects.According to different clinical diagnosis,they were divided into breast cancer lymph node metastasis group,breast cancer without metastasis group and mammary gland benign pathological change group.The c-erbB-2 gene and carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) were detected by immunohistochemical method,enzyme-linked immunosorbent(ELISA) and electrochemical luminescence method.The c-erbB-2 protein(P185)and CEA of the three groups were compared,the sensitivity and specificity of c-erbB-2 expression and CEA in the diagnosis of breast cancer with lymph node metastasis were analyzed.At the same time,the relationship between cerbB-2 expression and tumor pathology classification,relapse was analyzed.Results P185 and CEA index of breast cancer lymph node metastasis group and breast cancer without metastasis group were significantly higher than those of mammary gland benign pathological change group(t =7.093,6.443,9.232,8.508,all P ＜ 0.0 1),and P185 index of breast cancer lymph node metastasis group was significantly higher than without metastasis group (t =2.281,P ＜0.05),and there was no significant difference of CEA between the two breast cancer groups (t =0.406,P ＞ 0.05).The sensitivity of c-erbB-2 expression in dignosis of breast cancer lymph node metastasis had no difference with CEA (x2 =0.632,P ＞ 0.05),but the specificity was significantly higher than CEA(x2 =11.900,P ＜ 0.01).The positive expression rate of c-erbB-2 and tumor pathology classification had no obvious relation:Postoperative recurrence rate of c-erbB-2 positive expression patients was significantly higher than the negative expression patients(x2 =5.141,P ＜0.05).Conclusion c-erbB-2 gene and its protein product has good sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of breast cancer lymph node metastasis,and has obvious correlation with postoperative breast cancer recurrence,has important reference value in evaluation of the diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer.

Objective To evaluate routine ultrasonography combined with virtual touch tissue imagine (VTI) in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules .Methods The aim of the present study was to evaluate clinical value of conventional ultrasound and VTI elastography for thyroid nodules .We selected 36 thyroid nodule cases from 2013 to 2014 of our hospital .Dimensional ultrasound , Color Doppler Flow Imaging ( CDFI ) and Virtual touch tissue imagine (VTI)were used for diagnosis, and postoperative pathology results were compared .Results The conventional ultra-sonic testing had sensitivity 100%, specificity 96.5%, and accuracy 83.3%; The sound palpation tissue imaging (VTI) test had sensitivity 96.1%, specificity 86.2% and accuracy 86.1%.It was statistically significant ( p<0.05).Conclusion Routine two-dimensional ultrasound, Color doppler flow imaging (cdfi) and Virtual touch tis-sue imaging ( VTI) in the diagnosis of benign and malignant thyroid nodules have their own advantages and character -istics.They should be combined in clinical , which can improve diagnostic accuracy in the diagnosis of benign and malignant.

Bacterial Infections ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Brain Injuries ; etiology ; China ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care, Neonatal ; Respiration, Artificial ; adverse effects ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; diagnosis ; etiology ; therapy ; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Ventilators, Mechanical ; adverse effects

Objective To investigate the knowledge of osteoporosis and its related behavior in middle-aged and elderly people.Methods A total of 1199 residents aged≥45 years in Hangzhou community were investigated by health survey questionnaire of osteoporosis.Results There were statistically significant differences in osteoporosis symptom scores according to ages (aged 45 to 59 years,6.38±2.64; aged 60 to 74 years,5.69±2.83; aged over 75 years,4.43±2.54),and according to education background (middle school or below.4.56± 2.01; secondary school,6.07±2.45; university or higher,8.25±2.69),and according to occupation (mental labour,5.89±3.21;manual labour,4.57 ± 2.36),and residence (city,6.12 ± 3.32 ; countryside,4.34 ± 2.25) (F/t =14.59,26.94,6.29,8.35,respectively,P＜0.01).There were significant differences in types ofexercise between rural and urban population (no exercise or little exercise,30.4％ vs.32.9％; light burden movement,64.4％ vs.53.5％; weight-bearing exercise,5.2％ vs.13.6％; x2 =22.13,P＜0.01).The significant food intake differences were found between rural and urban residents (milk,30.2％ vs.38.3％ sea-food,28.2％ vs.35.7％; bean-products,48.3％ vs.56.1％; fruit,52.6％vs.62.5％; coffee,3.2％ vs.7.4％; x2=8.55,7.77,7.21,19.37,10.14,respectively,all P＜0.01).Conclusions Health education should be individualized based on age,education level and occupation.The elderly and low education groups should be concerned.We should shift the focus of publicity and education to the countryside and enhance the awareness of osteoporosis prevention in order to build a healthy lifestyle.

Objective To investigate the expression of PES1 in ovarian cancer and its relationship with the vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) expression .Methods The expression of PES1 in ovarian cancer tissues and corresponding pericancerous tis-sues was detected with Western blot .Results The expression of PES1 in ovarian cancer tissues was obviously higher than that in the pericancerous tissues .The secretion amounts of VEGF in cell culture fluid of CAOV-3 and ES-2 with transfection of FLAG-PES1 were elevated from (178 .0 ± 11 .8) pg/mL and (309 .5 ± 18 .5) pg/mL to (375 .0 ± 18 .3) pg/mL and (633 .2 ± 25 .7)pg/mL respectively (P<0 .01) ,the secretion amounts of VEGF were also increased(P<0 .01) .The relative VEGF mRNA levels were also raised by 1 .8 times and 2 times respectively (P< 0 .01);Western blot simultaneously showed that the over expression of PES1 could increase the expression of HIF-1αin these two kinds of cells .The luciferase report gene transcriptional activation activity de-tection reveald that PES1 had no direct effect on the VEGF transcription .After cotransfecting HIF-1αSiRNA and FLAG-PES1 to CAOV-3 and ES-2 cells ,Western blot demonstrated that HIF-1αSiRNA could obviously inhibit the increase of HIF-1αexpression induced by PES1 ,at the same time the secretion amounts of VEGF and mRNA level were also supressed .Conclusion The expres-sion of PES1 is obviously up-regulated in ovarian cancer tissues .

Metformin improves glycemic control mainly due to improved insulin sensitivity.Dipeptidyl peptidase-4(DPP-4) inhibitor,which suppresses degradation of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and maintains the bioactivity of endogenous GLP-1,improves islet dysfunction.Moreover,recent studies suggested that metformin enhanced the biological effect of GLP-1 via different mechanisms and that DPP-4 inhibitor enhanced insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes.Therefore,the combination therapy of DPP-4 inhibitor and metformin could simultaneously ameliorate the two major defects of type 2 diabetes and obtain complementary and synergistic benefits for glycemic control.

The Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) discovered in 2012 was caused by a novel coronavirus .With high mortality and severe acute respiratory syndrome ,the coronavirus had been named as the Middle East Respiratory Syn‐drome Coronavirus (MERS‐COV) .At present ,the disease occurred in the Middle East and spread to other countries aroused extensive attention all over the world .In this review ,we mainly focus on the research progress of MERS‐CoV about the epide‐miological characteristics ,clinical treatment and global response situation ,providing advices and references of preventing and controlling effectively for M ERS in the future .

From January,2011 to December,2013,103 cases were selected from patients whose residual roots and crowns were restored by porcelain fusedto metal crowns after post core crown restorations.Patients were fully in-formed and randomly divided into two groups,including 51 cases receiving the post core restoration with dental root canal nail,52 cases being repaired with glass fiber post core restoration.After 6 ~12 months of follow-up observa-tion,in the group having received post core restoration with the dental root canal nail,there were 2 cases of crown root fracture,4 cases of falling off,the success rate was 88.24% (45 /51).In the group of fiber post and core res-toration,there was 1 case of crown root fracture,1 case of falling off;the success rate was 96.15% (50 /52).The restoration of fiber post core and porcelain fused to metal crown is the best choice of restoration of residual crown and root,but the root canal nail of teeth with light cured resin core is more economical,simple,easy to operate, and suitable for basic use.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics of metaplastic thymoma.Methods The histological features and immunophenotype of three cases with metaplastic thymoma were studied, and the literatures were reviewed.Results There were 2 females and 1 male of 3 patients with 45, 52 and 40 years old, respectively.All tumors were characterized by a biphasic pattern composed of epithelial components and spindle cells.The epithelial areas consisted of anastomosing cords and islands or broad trabeculae of cohesive neoplasia cells.Some epithelial cells showed mild cytologic atypia, the presence of prominent nuclear grooves or pseudoinclusion body, and very low mitotic activity.The cells appeared bland and a fine nuclear chromatin pattern, and the mitoses were not found.The epithelial cells were diffusely and strongly positive for AE1/AE3.The spindle cells were diffusely positive for Vimentin.The Ki-67 fraction was low (＜5 ％) in both components.Conclusions Metaplastic thymoma is a rare primary thymic epithelial tumor, and its biologic behavior is likely benign or lowly malignant process.Occasionally, the tumor invades adjacent tissue or recurrence.With complete tumor resection, the patients have good prognosis.The diagnosis of metaplastic thymoma mainly relies on its morphologic features and immunohistochemical profiles.