Objective To explore histopathological features in the nigrostriatal tissues of Parkinson’s disease (PD)and Parkisonism plus syndrome. Methods The substantia nigra and the striatum of 5 PD cases, 3 progressive supralnuclear palsy (PSP) cases and 3 multiple system atrophy (MSA) cases, and 5 normal aging control cases were examined by routine neuropathological methods and Gallyas-Braak staining and tau, ubiquitin and ?-synuclein immunohistochemistry. Pigmented neurons in the substantia nigra of PD, PSP, MSA cases and normal aging control cases were counted. The neuronal and glial cytoplasmic inclusions in the nigrostriatal tissues were observed. Components of the abnormal proteins were identified. Results Nerve cells in the substantia nigra of PD,PSP and MSA groups showed severe loss in number,especially the ventrolateral zone and the ventromedial zone. Compared with those in the normal aging control group,numbers of nerve cells in the ventrolateral zone of PD, PSP and MSA groups decreased to 37.5%, 24.2%, 33.8% in the right side, and 48.0%, 25.8%, 33.9% in the left side respectively. There were ?-synuclein and ubiquitin-positive Lewy bodies in the substantia nigra of PD. A lot of tau-positive, argyrophilic globous neurofibrinary tangles, tuft-shaped astrocytes and coiled bodies in the substantia nigra and the striatum of PSP were observed.Severe loss of neurons and gliosis in the caudate nucleus and putamen of MSA were found. In addition, ?-synuclein and ubiquitin-positive glial cytoplasmic inclusions were found in the substantia nigra and striatal region of MSA. Conclusions Lewy bodies in PD and glial cytoplasmic inclusions in MSA are related to abnormal depositions of ?-synuclein and ubiquitin.Neuronal and glial cytoplasmic inclusions in PSP are related to abnormal aggregation of tau.

Objective To analyze the morbidity of the old people with hypertension and metabolic syndrome (MS),the characteristics of MS components distribution,and correlation hypertension and MS.Methods 438 old patients over 60 with hypertension were selected randomly from cheek-up crowd in the physical examination center of Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University in 2013.Abdominal girth,height,body mass were measured,and then calculated BMI.The indicators such as FPG,TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C were detected and analyzed.Results The total morbidity of MS in the old people with hypertension was 37.7％,39.0％ from male people,36.7％ from female people,and there was no difference between genders(x2 =0.46,P ＞ 0.05).The level of BMI,abdominal girth,FPG,and TG in the old people with MS were higher than the people without MS(t =4.83,8.53,5.08,7.29,all P ＜0.05),and HDL-C was lower than the people without MS(t =-9.67,P ＜ 0.05).The level of FPG in women was higher than that in men apparently(x2 =5.82,P ＜ 0.05),and the level of HDL-C was lower than that in men apparently (x2 =8.73,P ＜ 0.01).The risk factors to MS include BMI,abdominal girth,FPG,TG (OR =2.139,1.106,2.156,2.315,all P ＜0.05),and HDL-C is protective factor to MS(OR =0.039,P ＜0.05).Conclusion Hypertension might increase MS morbidity of old patients.Hypertension related with MS closely.The risk factors include BMI,abdominal girth,FPG,TG,on the other hand HDL-C is protective factor to MS.

Purpose To study the differences of shear wave elasticity and the content of collagen fiber between benign breast lesions and malignant breast lesions, and to analyze the correlation between shear wave elasticity and the content of collagen fiber. Materials and Methods 106 patients with 116 breast lesions who were referred to PLA General Hospital for ultrasound-guided biopsy or surgery underwent shear wave elasticity examination, the biopsy specimen underwent Van Gieson (VG) dye and Image-Pro Plus 5.1 software was used to quantitatively analyze the content of collagen fiber. Results Malignant lesions exhibited signiifcantly higher max elasticity, mean elasticity, and elasticity ratio between lesions and surrounding parenchyma (140.43±70.16) kPa, (63.11±33.68) kPa, 3.49±1.95 than benign lesions (54.64±48.53) kPa, (34.52±25.23) kPa, 2.25±1.48 (t=5.329, 4.382 and 4.487, P<0.01). The content of collagen fiber of malignant lesions was signiifcantly higher than that of benign lesions (t=8.437, P<0.01). There was a positive correlation between max elasticity and the content of ifber collagen (r=0.746, P<0.05). Conclusion The elasticity of breast lesions has a close correlation with the content of collagen ifber, and collagen ifber might play an important role in the development of breast carcinoma.

This study is to investigate the effect of baicalin (BL) against oxidative injury stress of SH-SY5Y cells induced by H2O2 and the possible mechanism. SH-SY5Y cells were pre-incubated with baicalin (25, 50, and 100 micromol x L(-1)) for 12 h prior to exposure to H2O2 (150 micromol x L(-1)) for 24 h. The viability of SH-SY5Y cells was measured by MTT assay. The contents of LDH and NO were determined. The percentage of apoptotic cells was assessed by flow cytometry (FCM). The content of Caspase-3 was tested by immunofluorescence histochemical method. BL at 50 and 100 micromol x L(-1) separately increased the cell viability and up-regulated SIRT1, reduced the contents of LDH, NO, Caspase-3 and the apoptotic percentage of SH-SY5Y cells. This study results suggest that baicalin could inhibit the H2O2-induced neuronal apoptosis. The further mechanism studies show that baicalin inhibit apoptosis via reducing Caspase-3 expression and up-regulating SIRT1.

Objective To investigate the effect of brain derived neurotrophin factor (BDNF) transfected with cationic liposome in protecting nerve tissue and promoting regeneration of the myelin sheath. Methods Wistar rat Schwanns cells (SWCs) were cultured in vitro. The recombinant cationic liposomes mediated PCDNA 3 BDNF was transplanted into SWCs and then into electrical reticular lesion of the brain stem (Group Ⅰ). At the same time, pure cell transplantation group (Group Ⅱ), empty transfected vector cell transplantation (Group Ⅲ) and normal saline injection group (Group Ⅳ) were set. The concentration of BDNF in the brain stem was measured by ELISA, the survival of myelinated basic protein (MBP) and SWCs in the brain stem by immunohistochemistry and the regeneration of the myelin sheath by the transmission electron microscope (TEM). Results One week after transplantation, the concentration of BDNF in the brain stem in the Group Ⅰ was much higher than that in other three groups ( P

Objective To study the neuropathological characteristics of late-onset Alzheimer' s disease (LOAD) in Chinese people, to ensure correct diagnosis of LOAD.Methods Choosing cerebral cortex of temporal layer of 8 cases of LOAD and 5 cases of age-matched normal control group by autopsy.Histopathologlc diagnosis was established in all these 13 cases.Cerebral cortex were taken from temporal layer in 13-101 hours after death and were fixed with 40 g/L paraformaldehyde, followed by paraffin-embedding and serial sectioning with 6 μm thickness.Brain tissue was analyzed neuropatholically by using immunohistochemical staining for β-amyloid (Aβ) and AT8 on these cases.Positive distribution of temporal layer was observed under light microscope.Results The results of immunohistochemical stainings of Aβ and AT8 were positive in all of LOAD.Aβ immunoreactant located in the cerebral cortex.The diffuse plaques, primitive plaques and burn-out plaques of senile plaques were displayed clearly by immunohistochcmical stainings of Aβ.AT8 immunoreactants showed neurofibrillary tangles, neuropil thread and senile plaques in nerve cell of cerebral cortex in different degree respectively.The positive rate Aβ and AT8 were both 8/8 by semiquantitative analysis in AD group.As the normal aging control group, which was 0 and 1/5 respectively.There was significant difference of the positive rate Aβ and AT8 in two groups(χ2 = 13.000,P=0.001; χ2=9.244,P=0.007).Conclusions Sensitive immunnhistochemical technique was significant to display senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles.The findings demonstrate that immunohistochemistry staining of Aβ and AT8 can display senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles clearly.The connection of the 2 different methods might improve diagnose accordance rate of AD.

OBJECTIVETo determine cell proliferation and nestin expression in the ependyma of adult rat spinal cord after injury.

METHODSRat spinal cord injury models were established by aneurysm clip compression, and nestin expression and proliferation of ependymal cells at different times were shown with pathological and immuno-histochemical staining.

RESULTSEpendymal cells adjacent to the injured site demonstrated a dramatic increase in nestin expression 24 hours after compression. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen was positive, and significant proliferation was observed after 7 days. Nestin expression was down regulated as time went by.

CONCLUSIONNormally quiescent mature ependymal cells appear to revert to an embryonic state in response to spinal cord injury.

Animals ; Cell Division ; Ependyma ; cytology ; metabolism ; Immunohistochemistry ; Intermediate Filament Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Male ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; Nestin ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; metabolism ; pathology

Midbrain gliomas are relatively rare neoplasms with a generally benign prognosis, with dissemination or metastasis not previously reported. We describe here a woman, in whom magnetic resonance imaging scans showed hydrocephalus and a tegmental lesion in the upper aqueduct. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy and biopsy were performed; during surgery, a second small lesion was observed in the infundibular recess. Histologically, the two lesions had the characteristics of low grade astrocytoma, suggesting that the midbrain astrocytoma may have been disseminated via the cerebral spinal fluid to the infundibular recess. Postoperatively this patient received radiotherapy for nearly one month. Although patients with these tumors are not usually administered adjunctive therapy, radiation and, combined modality therapy, including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, may be beneficial in patients with midbrain gliomas with dissemination.
Adult* ; Astrocytoma* ; Biopsy ; Cerebrospinal Fluid* ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Glioma ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mesencephalon ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neuroendoscopes ; Prognosis ; Radiotherapy ; Ventriculostomy

Objective To study the clonal heterogeneity in differentiation potential of immortalized mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and in rive.Methods The monoclonal cell lines were performed with limiting dilution cloning,and were induced to adipocytic,asteogenic and neuronal differentiation in vitro.After transplanted the monoclonal cell lines into SCID mice,the xenotransplants were removed and evaluated by immunohistochemistry.Results From the parental HMSC-TERT,32 single-cell derived clones were established,of which the differentiation properties varied considerably in vitro.The cells grow in different plating densities during expansion in culture:HMSC-TERT-2 expressed more strongly in LCA,GFAP and vimemin;HMSC-TERT-C19 expressed more strongly in keratinose than HMSC-TERT-2,HMSC-IERT-20,and MSC-H;HMSC-TERT-C2 expressed more strongly in actin than HMSC-TERT-2.Conclusions The HMSC-TERT monoclone cells are heterogeneity in differentiation petential in vitro and in vivo,suggesting that standard in vitro culture and in vivo inoculate procedure phy an important role in the clinical application of stem cells.

Objective To construct and identify lentiviral vector pGC-FU-CXCR4 gene. Methods CXCR4 gene amplification was used by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The target gene fragments with the digested plasmids were exchange. Then the lentiviral vector pGC-FU-CXCR4 was constructed successfully. Use the constructed lentiviral vector to infect the competent escherichia coli cells. Polymerase chain reaction analysis was used to identify the cultural clones and DNA sequencing and comparative analysis were used to positive fragments. The successfully constructed plasmids had the same sequence with the target gene. Results Polymerase chain reaction tests showed that am-plified target genes were inserted in pGC-FU vectors. The electrophoresis results,digestion showed that the reconstructed plasmid was consist-ent with the theoretical fragment and the sequence result of the positive fragments were exactly the same with the target gene. Conclusion Lentiviral vectors of CXCR4 gene over-expression were successfully constructed.