Patients with congenital cataract often present strabismus simultaneously.Strabismus is closely related to the occurrence of cataract, and is one of the main threats for the development of binocularity and the therapeutic effect of amblyopia.In addition, strabismus negatively affects the appearance and psychological well-being of patients.The influencing factors of strabismus associated with congenital cataract include bilateral or unilateral congenital cataract, type of cataract, timing of cataract surgery, cataract surgery techniques, type of optical correction of aphakia and so on.Visual rehabilitation after congenital cataract surgery is inseparable from the treatment of strabismus.In this article, recent progress on the incidence, pathogenesis, influencing factors, timing of surgery and prognosis of strabismus associated with congenital cataract were reviewed, which might help to understand its clinical features and relevant treatment strategy.

In this paper,the classification,application and advantages of three-dimensional (3D) printing in biomedical engineering are summarized.The working principles of 3D printing,stereolithography,fused deposition modeling,selective laser sintering and 3D spray printing,as well as merits,demerits and recent progress are reviewed.The 3D printing has been widely used in the synthetic of bone tissue engineering scaffolds,with biodegradable and bioactive materials in the scaffold.Synthetic bone materials and surgical simulation by 3D printing technology are increasingly common and has achieved satisfactory results in China.Although 3D printing technology has developed rapidly,development of suitable biomaterials and improving relevant techniques are still urgent issues.Up to now,the functionalization of bionic organs is the most difficult issue,in which the cell co-culture,vascularization and preparation of the scaffolds are problem to be solved.The 3D printing technology will make remarkable achievements for the regeneration and repair of human organ through our efforts.

AIM: To investigate the effects of Scutellaria barbata flavonoids (SBF) on neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) aggregation, tau protein phosphorylation and the regulated mechanism of glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) 3βand protein phosphatase (PP) 2A in the rats induced by amyloid βprotein 25-35 (Aβ25-35) in combination with AlCl3 and re-combinant human transforming growth factor ( RHTGF)-β1( composited Aβ) .METHODS:The male SD rats were used to establish the simulated Alzheimer disease ( AD) model by intracerebroventricular injection of composited Aβ.The Morris water maze was applied for screening the successful model rats with learning and memory deficits .The successful model rats were daily and orally administrated with SBF at doses of 35, 70 and 140 mg/kg or positive control drug Ginkgo biloba leaves flavonoids ( GLF) at 140 mg/kg for 37 d.The silver nitrate staining was used to determine the cortical NFT .The protein levels of total tau, phosphorylated protein of tau at Ser199 and Ser214 sites, GSK3βand PP2A in hippocampus and cortex were determined by Western blot .The mRNA expression of GSK3βand PP2A in the hippocampus and cortex was detected by RT-PCR.RESULTS:Compared with sham group , the cell number of positive NFT with silver nitrate staining in model rat cerebral cortex was significantly increased .The protein levels of phosphorylated tau protein at Ser 199 and Ser214 sites, GSK3βin the hippocampus and cerebral cortex in the model rats dramatically elevated , and PP2A was marked decreased as compared with the sham group rats.Meanwhile, the mRNA expression of GSK-3βsignificantly increased but PP2A was de-creased.However, these above abnormalities were differently attenuated by treating with SBF at different doses or GLF at 140 mg/kg for 37 d.CONCLUSION: SBF suppresses the NFT aggregation by inhibition of the regulatory functions of GSK-3βand PP2A, thus reducing the phosphorylation of tau protein .

Aim To study effects of total flavonoids from stems and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi(SSF)on learning and memory deficits, automatic dyskinesia, neural and hepatic pathological changes and free radicals abnormal alterations.Methods Aluminum toxic model of mice was produced by introperitoneal injection (ip) of AlCl_3 for 50 d. Behavioral test of mice was used to examine the learning and memory ability;the number of automatic action determined the automatic dyskinesia;the neural and hepatic pathological changes were assessed by alterations of cerebral cortex and liver;MDA level and SOD activity in brain and liver were measured to evaluate free radicals.Results AlCl_3(100 mg?kg~-1 ,ip,50 d)resulted in a decreased ability of learning and memory in water maze task, lowered automatic action numbers, neuronal-hepatic-pathological changes and free radicals abnormal alterations, as compared with control group. The dose of SSF 50, 100 and 200 mg?kg~-1 significantly reversed the above pathological changes in toxic mice caused by aluminum. Conclusion SSF could reduce cognitive deficits and automatic dyskinesia, improve neuronal-hepatic-pathological changes and free radicals abnormal alterations.

The most common metastatic site of prostate cancer is the bone, followed by the lung, bladder, liver, and adrenal gland. We report on a rare case of pancreatic metastasis from prostate cancer. A 52-year-old patient was admitted to the hospital with epigastric pain for 20 days. PET-CT showed malignant lesions in the prostate and pancreas, and prostate and pancreas puncture biopsies were performed, respectively. The patient was diagnosed as prostate cancer with pancreatic metastasis according to the pathological findings. After undergoing androgen deprivation therapy and docetaxel chemotherapy for 6 cycles, reexamination revealed that the pancreatic metastases had disappeared.

Objective:To observe the efficacy of benefiting Qi for warming Yang and activating blood circulation for inducing diu-resis method in the treatment of patients with chronic heart failure( CHF) and its effect on the expression of circulating miRNAs ( miR-423-5p, miR-210-3p). Methods:Totally 80 CHF patients were randomly divided into two groups,the control group with 40 patients was treated with the conventional anti-heart failure therapy, and the treatment group with 40 patients was treated with benefiting Qi for warming Yang and activating blood circulation for inducing diuresis decoction on the basis of the control group, and the treatment course was 2 weeks. The clinical efficacy and syndrome integral of traditional Chinese medicine ( TCM) were evaluated. Left ventricular ejec-tion fraction ( LVEF) and left ventricular end diastolic diameter( LVEDD) were measured by echocardiography;the plasma expression levels of circulating miRNAs(miR-423-5p, miR-210-3p) were measured by real-time PCR in the two groups before and after the treat-ment. The adverse drug reactions were observed as well. Results:The total clinical effective rate of the treatment group was significant-ly higher than that of the control group (87. 50% vs 65. 00%, P <0. 05); the syndrome integral of TCM, indices of LVEF and LVEDD and the expression of circulating miRNAs were improved in both groups(P<0. 05);the total clinical effective rate, syndrome integral of TCM, indices of LVEF and LVEDD and the expression of circulating miR-423-5p of the treatment group were better than those of the control group(P<0. 05); there was no significant difference in adverse drug reactions between the groups (P>0. 05). Conclusion:The benefiting Qi for warming Yang and activating blood circulation for inducing diuresis method can improve the clinical effects in the treatment of CHF, and improve the expression of circulating miRNAs.

Objective To analyze nursing measures in operating room in prevention of gastrointestinal surgery incision infection.Methods A total of 110 patients with gastrointestinal surgery were divided into control group and study group,with 55 cases in each group.The control group was given routine operating room nursing measures,while the study group was given predictive operating room nursing measures for gastrointestinal surgery incision infection.intraoperative and postoperative incision healing condition,hospitalization expenses and hospitalization time of two groups were compared.Results Class-A healing rate in the study group was 80.00％,which was higher than 58.18％ in the control group (P ＜ 0.05);Class-C healing rate was 1.82％,which was lower than 14.55％ in the control group (P ＜0.05);There was no statistically significant difference compared with two groups in class-B healing rate (P ＞ 0.05).Team operation time,time to first defecation,time to first exhaust were lower than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).The team hospitalization expenses and hospitalization time were lower than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Predictive operating can effectively prevent the gastrointestinal surgery incision infection,guarantee the incision healing effect,shorten the operation time,speed up the postoperative rehabilitation,and save medical expense,so it is suitable for clinical application and promotion.

Objective To analyze nursing measures in operating room in prevention of gastrointestinal surgery incision infection.Methods A total of 110 patients with gastrointestinal surgery were divided into control group and study group,with 55 cases in each group.The control group was given routine operating room nursing measures,while the study group was given predictive operating room nursing measures for gastrointestinal surgery incision infection.intraoperative and postoperative incision healing condition,hospitalization expenses and hospitalization time of two groups were compared.Results Class-A healing rate in the study group was 80.00％,which was higher than 58.18％ in the control group (P ＜ 0.05);Class-C healing rate was 1.82％,which was lower than 14.55％ in the control group (P ＜0.05);There was no statistically significant difference compared with two groups in class-B healing rate (P ＞ 0.05).Team operation time,time to first defecation,time to first exhaust were lower than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).The team hospitalization expenses and hospitalization time were lower than that in the control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Predictive operating can effectively prevent the gastrointestinal surgery incision infection,guarantee the incision healing effect,shorten the operation time,speed up the postoperative rehabilitation,and save medical expense,so it is suitable for clinical application and promotion.

G heterozygote carriers.The carrying rate of deafness gene was 26‰(32/1234).In the 32 carriers,there are 5 babies showed 'refer' at the first step of hearing screening.In the 1234 babies,112 babies showed 'refer' at the first step of hearing screening.CONCLUSION Deafness gene screening can make up for the deficiencies of the universal newborn hearing screening,and should be used in this kind screening more widely.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological features,spectrum and case fatality of malignant tumor patients in Shenzhen city,to provide evidence for the development of prevention and treatment strategies on malignant tumor in Shenzhen.Methods All the hospitalized malignant tumor patients including deaths,were monitored from 1995 to 2014 in Shenzhen,and data was analyzed by SPSS 20.0 software.Results There were 160 988 inpatients of malignant tumors between 1995 and 2014 in Shenzhen.The top three hospitalized tumors were lung (13.64％),liver (11.13％) and breast (7.86％) cancers.Numbers of the malignant tumor inpatients had been rapidly increasing during the past 20 years,12.3 times in 2014 higher than in 1995.The total number of deaths due to malignant tumors was 19 460.Deaths of the top three malignant tumors were lung (24.40％),liver (19.84％) and colorectal (8.63％) cancers and the number of deaths was increasing,12.5 times higher in 2014 than in 1995.The overall case fatality rate was 12.09％.The annual percent change (APC) of malignant tumors case fatality rate was 9.7％(95％CI:2.0％-18.0％),during 1995-2003,with an increasing trend (t=2.72,P＜0.05).The APC of case fatality rate during 2003-2014 was-3.4％(95％CI:-7.6％-1.1％),but the decreasing trend (t=-1.63,P＞0.05) was not statistically significant.The top three major malignant tumors related to case fatality rate were lung cancer (21.62％),liver cancer (21.39％),and esophageal cancer (16.50％).The case fatality rates of leukemia and liver cancer had decreased during the past 20 years.The case fatality rates of cancers in lung,esophagus,stomach,breast,colorectal and nasopharyngeal,had all increased.The number of male patients was significantly exceeding the females (x2=41.691,P＜0.01),with sex ratio as 1.65:1.From age 35 and on,the number of deaths due to malignant tumors increased significantly,with the peak after 60 years of age.Conclusions The number of malignant tumor inpatients had an annual increase as well as the case fatality rate.Cancers in lung,liver appeared the leading causes of death among the malignant tumor patients,with elderly in particular.Strategies related to the prevention and treatment of cancers in lung,liver should be strengthened.