Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome(NRDS)is the most critical disease in neonatal pe-riod.Studies have proved that genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of NRDS.More and more proteins and genes which are associated with NRDS are researched.This article mainly reviewed the re-search of surfactant protein,ATP-binding cassette transporters A3,mannose-binding lectin,thyroid transcrip-tion factor-1and NRDS.

Aim To establish a method to purify factor B in human sera. Methods A combination of euglobulin precipitation, ion-exchange chromatography,(NH4)2SO4 precipitation and affinity chromatography was used in the process of purification. Results Final product of 118.75 mg/L plasma factor B was obtained. By SDS-PAGE, thin layer scanner and activity assay,the purity reached 95％ , specific activity was 1.91× 109 IU/g, and the activity yield was 59.28％ . Conclusion This simple method with high yield can be used for laboratory research and large-scale preparation.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of anxiety and depression in elderly patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) and its related factors.Methods A total of 672 subjects aged 60 or over undergoing health check-up in two Nanjing community health service centers from November 2015 to October 2016 were enrolled in the study.The basic information and the history of hyperlipidemia,hypertension and diabetes were collected by questionnaire survey;the results of physical examination and biochemical testing were documented.The prevalence of anxiety and depression were investigated by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).According to MS diagnostic criteria,the subjects were divided into MS group (n=181) and non-MS group (n=491).The HADS scores of two groups were compared and the influencing factors related to anxiety and depression were analyzed.Results The levels of systolic blood pressure (SBP),diastolic blood pressure (DBP),body mass index(BMI),levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG),triglyceride (TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were higher and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was lower in MS group than those in non-MS group (all P<0.05).The prevalence rates of anxiety and depression in MS group (30.9% and 34.8%) were significantly higher than those in non-MS group (20.2% vs.25.1%,χ2=8.655,6.288,P=0.003,0.012).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that obesity (BMI≥28 kg/m2),high FBG (≥7.0 mmol/L),hypertension [blood Pressure≥140/90 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)] were the independent risk factors for anxiety in MS patients (OR=3.987,2.827,2.375,respectively,all P<0.05);obesity (BMI≥28 kg/m2),high FBG(≥7.0 mmol/L),smoke,high TC (≥5.2 mmol/L),hypertension (≥140/90 mmHg) were the independent risk factors for depression in MS patients (OR=7.718,3.233,2.071,1.932,1.910,respectively,all P<0.05).Conclusion Elderly patients with metabolic syndrome are prone to anxiety and depression,and obesity,high FBG,hypertension and other factors are the risk factors for anxiety and depression.

Objective To study the correlation between the surfactant protein C ( SP-C) gene mutation in exon 5 area and respiratory distress syndrome(RDS) in premature infants. Methods From January 2013 to January 2015, nonconsanguineous premature infants [28 weeks ≤gestational age(GA)< 37 weeks] of Han ethnicity with RDS admitted to our hospital were selected as the RDS group, and nonconsanguineous Han premature infants without RDS as the control group. SP-C gene exon 5 mutation were detected using the gene sequencing method. Results SP-C gene exon 5 region c. 715G > A heterozygous mutations were detected in 17 cases among 60 patients in the RDS group. The mutation frequency was 28. 3% . SP-C gene exon 5 region c. 715G > A heterozygous mutations were detected in 8 cases among 60 patients in the control group. The mutation frequency was 13. 3% . The mutation frequency in the RDS group was statistically significantly higher than the control group (χ2 = 4. 093,P =0. 043) . In RDS group, c. 715G > A heterozygous mutation had no significant correlation with RDS grades, oxygen therapy, pulmonary surfactant dose nor treatment outcome (P > 0. 05). Conclusions A correlation may be existed between SP-C gene exon 5 area c. 715G > A heterozygous mutation and RDS in premature infants.

Objective To summarize the causes,related factors and outcome of extremely premature infants and extremely low birth weight infants.Methods One hundred and three cases of extremely premature infants and extremely low birth weight infants were admired to First Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University between January 2009 and December 2015.The study was performed to analyze the clinical data of the 103 cases,included history of pregnancy,birth situation,treatment and prognosis.Results In these 103 cases,67 infants survived,36 infants died.The survival rate was 65.0％ (67/103).The extremely premature infants and extremely low birth weight infants were mainly associated with pregnancy-induced hypertension,infection,premature rupture of membranes.Factors that could affect the outcome of these cases included gestational age,sex,birth weight,pulmonary hemorrhage,bronchopulmonary dysplasia and necrotizing enterocolitis(P ＜0.05).The survival infants with long-term hospitalization often complicated with anemia.The top four causes of the death mostly were pulmonary hemorrhage,pneumonia,neonatal respiratory distress syndrome,and necrotizing enterocolitis.Conclusion In order to reduce the incidence of extremely premature infants and extremely low birth weight infants,improve the survival rate and infants quality of life,we should monitor the high-risk pregnant women closely during pregnancy period,prevent and treat all kinds of complications and prevent the occurrence of nosocomial infection.

Objective To analyze the correlation of the mutations of exon 4 of pulmonary surfactant protein (SP)-B and SP-C with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in Mongolian premature infants. Methods Fifty cases of hospitalized genetically unrelated Mongolian premature infants with RDS ( 31 males, 19 females) were recruited as RDS group. In the same period, 50 cases ( 27 males, 23 females) of non RDS genetically unrelated premature infants of same ethnicity were choose as the control group. PCR and gene detection were used to detect exon 4 of SP-B and SP-C genes. The differences of the genovariation and genotype frequency of 1580 locus in exon 4 in SP-B, and of c. 571 C?>?A (T 138 N) locus in exon 4 in SP-C were compared between two groups. Results The genovariation of 1580 locus in exon 4 in SP-B was detected in 14 cases (with aberration rate of 28%) in RDS group and in 11 cases (with aberration rate of 22%) in control group, and the difference is not signiifcant between two groups (χ2=0 . 480 , P?>?0 . 05 ). The genotype frequency of CC, TT and CT gene in 1580 locus were 16%, 72%, and 12%respectively in RDS group;and 10%, 78%, and 12%respectively in control group. Meanwhile, the C and T gene frequency was 22% and 78% respectively in RDS group, and 16% and 84% in control group. There was no significant difference in genotype frequency between two groups (χ2=1 . 170 , P?>?0 . 05 ). The genovariation of c. 571 C?>?A (T 138 N) locus in exon 4 in SP-C was detected in 41 cases (with aberration rate of 82%) in RDS group and in 6 cases (with aberration rate of 12%) in control group, and the difference is signiifcant between the two groups (χ2=49 . 177 , P??A (T 138 N) locus were 18%, 50%, and 32%respectively in RDS group;and 88%, 8%, and 4%in control group. Meanwhile, the C and A gene frequency was 34%and 66%respectively in RDS group, and 90%and 10%in control group. There was a signiifcant difference in A gene frequency between the two groups (χ2=66 . 553 , P??A (T 138 N) locus in exon 4 in SP-C gene were in a higher risk of RDS. The mutation of 1580 locus in exon 4 in SP-B had no correlation with Mongolian premature RDS.

Objective To investigate the distribution of surfactant protein-C( SP-C) gene single nu-cleotide polymorphisms and to study the association between the SP-C gene polymorphisms and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome( NRDS) in infants. Methods Fifty-one infants with NRDS( NRDS group) and 51 infants without RDS( control group) were selected. PCR gene analysis and polymerase chain reaction were used to establish the genotype and allele frequencies of SP-C exon 4(T138N) and exon 5(S186N),SP-C exon 4 and 5 for the mutation,and then the association between the polymorphisms and NRDS was analyzed. Results SP-C gene mutations were not found in exon 4 and 5. In the Mongol nationality of the Inner Mon-golia region,SP-C exon 4(T138N) genotypes could check out three genotypes:namely AA,AC and CC. The frequencies of allele A and allele C of SP-C exon 4(T138N) were not statistically different between NRDS group and control group(χ2 =0. 454,P=0. 797). In the Mongol nationality,SP-C exon 5(S186N) genotypes could check out three genotypes:namely AA,AG and GG. The frequencies of allele A and allele G of SP-C exon 5(S186N) were not statistically different between NRDS group and control group(χ2 =0. 493,P =0. 782). Conclusion SP-C exon 4(T138N) and exon 5(S186N) gene polymorphism in Inner Mongolia newborns displays no significant correlation with sex,birth weight or gestational age. SP-C gene mutations are not found in exon 4 and 5. SP-C gene exon 4(T138N) and exon 5(S186N) polymorphisms are not found to be associated with NRDS in Mongol nationality of the Inner Mongolia.

Objective: To observe the effects of different frequencies of pricking-bloodletting at auricular points plus auricular point sticking therapy on the levels of the serum immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM), testosterone (T), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in patients with acne vulgaris (AV). Methods: Ninety patients with AV were randomly assigned to treatment group 1, treatment group 2, and treatment group 3 according to the random number remainder grouping method, with 30 cases in each group. All three groups received pricking-bloodletting at auricular points plus auricular point sticking therapy. Treatment group 1 was treated once a week, treatment group 2 was treated twice a week, and treatment group 3 was treated 3 times a week. Four-week treatment was taken as 1 treatment course, and 3 treatment courses were observed. On the day before the start of the study and on the day next to the end of each course, the global acne grading system (GAGS) score was recorded, and 3 mL of blood from the median cubital vein was collected to test the serum levels of IgG, IgM, T, and IGF-1. After 3 courses of treatment, the efficacy index was calculated according to the GAGS score, and the serum indicators in patients with effective treatment (efficacy index ≥20％) and complete sampling were analyzed. Results: A total of 60 patients were included in the final blood indicator analysis. After 3 courses of treatment, the intra-group comparisons showed that the serum IgG level increased significantly in patients in treatment group 1 (P<0.01); the serum T level decreased significantly in the female patients in treatment group 2 (P<0.05); the IGF-1 level significantly decreased in the patients in all three groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01). There were no significant differences in the serum levels of IgG, IgM, T, and IGF-1 among the three groups at each time point (P>0.05). Conclusion: Pricking-bloodletting at auricular points plus auricular point sticking therapy can affect the levels of serum IgG, T, and IGF-1 in AV patients. The level of the serum IGF-1 can be reduced by treatment once a week, twice a week, or 3 times a week. Treatment once a week can increase the patients' serum IgG level, and treatment twice a week can significantly decrease the serum T level in female patients. Reducing the serum IGF-1 level may be one of the action mechanisms of pricking-bloodletting at auricular points plus auricular point sticking therapy in treating AV.

Objective To study the association between the SP-B gene 1580 position polymorphisms and neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) in the Mongol nationality from Inner Mongolia.To observe the frequency distribution of polymorphisms of SP-B gene 1580 position in the Mongol nationality newborns from Inner Mongolia.Methods The genotypes of SP-B gene 1580 position were detected by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragmnent length polymorphism assay and gene sequencing in 323 Mongol nationality newborns including the case group and the control group.The SP-B 1580C/T allele frequencies of the Mongol nationality newborns were compared with those of Han nationality from Wuhan city,German Caucasian,American Caucasian and Japanese.Results In the case group,the frequencies of TT,TC,CC at SP-B gene 1580 position were 19.9％,37.1％ and 43.0％,respectively;the frequency of the T allele was 38.4％ and C allele was 61.6％.In the control group,the frequencies of TT,TC,CC at SP-B gene 1580 position were 25.2％,39.7％ and 35.1％,respectively;the frequency of the T allele was 47.0％ and C allele was 53.0％.There were no significant differences between the case group and the control group (x2 =2.299,P =0.317).The allele frequencies of SP-B 1580 of the Mongol nationality newborns were significantly different from those of German-Caucasian and American-Caucasian (P ＜ 0.05),but were similar to those of Han nationality from Wuhan city and Japanese (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions SP-B 1580C/T gene polymorphism in the Mongol nationality newborns displays no significant correlation with sex,birth weight or gestational age.There is no obvious correlation between SP-B gene 1580 position polymorphisms,allele frequency and the Mongol nationality NRDS.There is heterogeneity in the frequencies of polymorphisms of SP-B 1580 among different ethnic genes.