MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in cell growth,differentiation,apoptosis and tumor occurrence and play an important role in regulation.Many studies show that miRNAs can regulate the expression of target gene,which is associated closely with the occurrence,development,chemosensitivity and prognosis of colorectal cancer.Detection of miRNAs is expected to formulate more detailed individualized chemotherapy for colorectal cancer patients and improve their prognosis.

The abnormal activation of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)-proiein kinase B (Akt) pathway has already been confirmed to be closely related to the origin and development of various tumors.PI3KAkt pathway plays an important role in development of colon cancer,it can regulate cell survival,proliferation,anti-apoptosis,cell cycle progression,etc.Furthermore,inhibition of this pathway may play a potential roll in oncotherapy.

Objective To investigate the expression level of serum miR-193a-3p,miR-337-5p and miR-483-5p in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients and to explore their value for diagnosis and prognosis of ESCC.Methods Serum samples were collected from 63 ESCC patients before and after surgery in Nanjing General Hospital and Xuzhou Cancer Hospital between June 2013 and May 2014 and serum sanples of 63 age-and sex-matched healthy individuals acted as the normal controls.TaqMan Low Density Assay was used to detect the deregulated miRNA in ESCC patients and then quantitative real-time PCR was used to validate the upregulated miRNA miR-193a-3p,miR-337-5p and previously reported miR483-5p that was upregulated in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).Finally,the three miRNA were evaluated for their clinical value in the diagnosis and predicting prognosis of ESCC.Results Compared with normal controls,serum levels of miR193a-3p,miR-337-5p and miR-483-5p in ESCC patients were significantly up-regulated (0.459±0.339 vs 0.195±0.084,U =591;5.686±5.211 vs 2.476±0.808,U=605;32.545 ± 22.479 vs 19.509±10.601,U=1 037,respectively,all P＜ 0.0001) and their levels were significantly reduced after the surgical treatment (P＜0.05).The areas under the ROC curve of serum miR-193a-3p,miR-337-5p,miR-483-5p and miR-Panel were all larger than that of CEA.Univariate Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that ESCC patients with low expression level of miR-483-5p in postoperative serum exhibited higher survival rate than those with high level(P=0.022).Conclusion Serum miR-193a-3p,miR-337-5p and miR-483-5p can be potential molecular biomarkers in the diagnosis and predicting prognosis of ESCC.

OBJECTIVE:To study the preparation of famotidine dispersible tablets and to observe the dissolution characteristics in vitro METHODS:To optimize the conditions for preparation by orthogonal design RESULTS:The tablets could completely disintegrate within 1 min;In vitro dissolution test showed T50=0 56min CONCLUSION:In comparison with commercial famotidine tablets,the dispersible tablets prepared in optimum condition were rapid in disintegration and homogenous in dispersal

Objective:To explore the time course of memory recovery during post-traumatic amnesia after brain injury.Methods: A patient (WGS, aged 34) with lesions in the left temporal lobe was compared with four matched control subjects on various cognitive tests. These tests included Galveston Orientation and Amnesia test, Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised Test, Semantic Memory, and Remote Memory Test. WGS was tested at 20th days and 33rd days after the brain injury. Results: During the period of post-traumatic amnesia, marked recovery was observed for orientation, semantic memory and remote memory (especially the recent and the earlier items). While the recovery of learning for new knowledge was slow, learning curve of association of unrelated items was flat.Conclusion: The differential time courses for recovery of cognitive functions should be well considered in rehabilitative training after traumatic brain injury.

Objective:To explore whether prophylactic anti-viral therapy is needed for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection resolvers with high titer of hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) receiving rituximab treatment.Methods:This study was a prospective cohort study. Nine patients with hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg) negative/hepatitis B core antibody (anti-HBc) positive/anti-HBs positive receiving rituximab treatment in Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Peking Union Medical College Hospital from June 2017 to June 2018 were enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups according to baseline anti-HBs titers. Patients with anti-HBs≥100 mIU/mL did not receive prophylactic treatment after informed consent. Patients with anti-HBs<100 mIU/mL were prescribed with entecavir before the treatment of rituximab. All patients were followed up every month after the first use of rituximab. Liver function, HBV DNA and HBV serology markers were tested. Descriptive statistical analysis was used.Results:Of the nine patients, six patients were diagnosed with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), one with Waldenstrom′s macroglobulinemia, one with indolent B-cell lymphoma, and one with membranous nephropathy. There were seven patients with anti-HBs≥100 mIU/mL who did not receive prophylactic anti-HBV therapy, and two patients with anti-HBs<100 mIU/mL who received entecavir (0.5 mg/d) prophylactic treatment before chemotherapy. The anti-HBs titer of the patient with indolent B cell lymphoma decreased from 21.27 mIU/mL to 6.33 mIU/mL during the third course of rituximab treatment. After the fourth course of treatment, the anti-HBs titer of one patient with DLBCL decreased from 172.25 mIU/mL to 57.76 mIU/mL. One patient with membranous nephropathy was followed up for one year and the anti-HBs titer increased from 141.47 mIU/mL to 328.98 mIU/mL.No significant changes of anti-HBs titer were observed in other patients. No HBV reactivation occurred in all patients and HBV DNA remained negative during the follow-up.Conclusions:The anti-HBs titer may drop after rituximab treatment in resolved HBV patients. High titer of anti-HBs may protect resolved HBV patients from HBV reactivation. Patients with high titer of anti-HBs may not need prophylactic anti-viral therapy.

Objective To explore the clinical,neuroimage,and neuropsychological profiles of semantic dementia (SD).Methods Detailed medical history were collected on 18 SD patients.Brain MRI scans were administered.Neuropsychological evaluation taping semantic memory (things naming),overall cognitive function ( Mini-mental State Examination,MMSE),visuoconstructive skill ( Clock Drawing Test,CDT), daily functional ability (Activities of Daily Living, ADL), neuropsychiatric symptoms (Neuropsychiatric Inventory,NPI),and disease severity (Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration Modified Clinical Dementia Rating Scale,FTLD-CDR) were performed on all patients.Results The mean age at onset was (60.6 ± 8.5 ) years,with 5 cases over 65. All patients developed progressive word-finding difficulty and anomic speech.Ten patients complained significant memory impairment and 14 experienced behavioral disturbance.Five patients were previously diagnosed as Alzheimer' s disease (AD) and 1 as schizophrenia.All patients developed marked semantic memory impairment both for living things and nonliving things.The mean score on MMSE was 10.94 ± 8.86,with 16 cases performed incorrectly on naming.Mean score on CDT copy was 4.61 ±0.85,with 14 cases scored normally.Mean score on ADL was 29.72 ± 8.75.Cases with a 5-year course showed a significant overall decline.Fourteen cases presented behavior symptoms and scored 8.00 ± 7.22 on NPI.All patients scored worst on language domain among all the domains evaluated in FTLD-CDR.Atrophy,typically involving the left anterior temporal was shown on MRI scans.However,predominantly right temporal atrophy was observed in one patient.Atrophy confined to the temporal lobe in patients with early stage and extended to the contralateral temporal,frontal lobe,and parietal lobe as disease progression. Conclusions Current study suggested that SD tend to develop in presenile age.However,about 1/3 cases develop the disease after 65 years. Deficit in language is the earliest and most prominent symptom. Behavior change is prevalent as well. Patients are commonly misdiagnosed as AD or lack a definite diagnosis.Visuoconstructive skill and other abilities are relatively preserved in the early stage.With progression into the 5th years,overall decline comes inevitably.Brain scans can reflect the disease characteristics and progression. Of note,there exists individual with right dominant atrophy.

Objective To explore the effect of SBAR communication mode in handover between delivery room and neonatal department. Methods A total of 100 cases of neonates transferred from neonatal intensive care unit from March to June 2016 were selected as the control group.The traditional oral transfer mode was used. From June to September 2016, 106 cases of newborn infants who were transferred to neonatal intensive care unit were observed in the observation group. The newborns were transferred with SBAR structural framework. The differences of the integrity, the correct rate, the proportion of adverse events,the transfer time and the satisfaction of the medical staff in the 2 groups were compared. Results The integrity, the correct rate, the proportion of adverse events, the satisfaction of the medical and nursing staff on the integrity of the handover, the accuracy of the description of the disease,the practicality,and the operability were 99.06%(105/106), 99.06%(105/106), 15.09%(16/106), 93.33%(28/30), 90.00%(27/30), 96.67%(29/30), 93.33%(28/30) in the observation group, 89.00%(89/100), 94.00%(94/100),2.00%(2/100),63.33%(19/30),60.00%(18/30),73.33%(22/30),26.67%(8/30)in the control group,the differences were significant(χ2=4.008-27.778,P<0.05 or 0.01).There was no significant difference in the transit time (P> 0.05). Conclusions The design and application of the handover record based on SBAR communication mode in the delivery room and neonatal department improve the integrity of the patient′s condition,the correct rate,can detect adverse events in time.The staff were more comprehensive,more accurate description of the disease description, this form is simple and practical, operable, by the clinical staff of the trust,it is worth in the delivery room and the promotion of the use of newborns.

Objective:To analyze the features of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) co-infected with other common respiratory pathogens among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in Shanghai City, and to provide a reference for scientific prevention and control of COVID-19 and other respiratory infectious diseases.Methods:Descriptive epidemiological approaches were used to analyze the data of COVID-19 reported cases in Shanghai City from January 2020 to February 2021 in the information system of Chinese Disease Prevention and Control. Clinical data of the participants were collected, and their SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid-positive respiratory specimens were collected at the time of illness onset or admission. Multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed to detect the 22 respiratory pathogens. Independent-samples t test was used for statistical analysis. Results:Of the 272 patients with COVID-19, 15(5.5%) had co-infection of SARS-CoV-2 with other respiratory pathogens, all of which were double infection. There were three cases infected with enterovirus/rhinovirus, two of each with adenovirus, human metapneumovirus and coronavirus NL63/HKU1, and one of each with coronavirus 229E, influenza A virus H1N1, parainfluenza virus 1 and respiratory syncytial virus B. Two cases infected with Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Among the 272 COVID-19 patients, 212(77.9%) had fever, 117(43.0%) had cough, 46(16.9%) had fatigue, and 35(12.9%) had sore throat. The white blood cell count of co-infection cases was higher than that of non-co-infection cases ((6.8±1.7)×10 9/L vs (5.3±1.6)×10 9/L), and the difference was statistically significant ( t=3.09, P=0.008). Conclusions:There is a certain proportion of co-infection of SARS-CoV-2 with other respiratory pathogens among the COVID-19 cases in Shanghai City, mainly viral pathogens, especially enterovirus/rhinovirus. A rational combination of drugs was recommended to improve the cure rate. Surveillance of acute respiratory infection should be further strengthened as well.

Objective:To evaluate the performance of the influenza surveillance network and compare the epidemic intensity of influenza during 2014-2020 in Shanghai.Methods:Based on the weekly reports of influenza-like illness (ILI) and laboratory-confirmed influenza cases from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2020. This study first evaluated the data reporting and specimen collection of ILI cases for each sentinel hospital, and then calculated the percentage of ILI (ILI%), the proportion of specimens tested positive for influenza, and the incidence of influenza among all ILI outpatient and emergency visits to measure the epidemic intensity of influenza. Finally, seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model was applied to quantify the changes in epidemic intensity of influenza in 2020.Results:The proportion of influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals with a score of less than 5 in the evaluation of ILI data reporting and samples collection were 9.68% and 21.05% in 2020 in Shanghai, respectively. ILI% was estimated to be 1.51% (95% CI: 1.50%-1.51%) and 2.31% (95% CI: 2.30%-2.32%), respectively for 2014-2019 and 2020; the proportion of specimens tested positive was 24.27% (95% CI: 24.02%- 24.51%) and 7.15% (95% CI: 6.78%-7.54%), respectively; and the incidence of influenza was 3.66‰ (95% CI: 3.62‰-3.70‰) and 1.65‰ (95% CI: 1.57‰-1.74‰), respectively. ARIMA model showed that ILI% was increased by 45.25% in 2020 in Shanghai, and the proportion of specimens tested positive and the incidence of influenza were reduced by 78.45% and 51.80%, respectively. Conclusions:In 2020, the performance of influenza surveillance system has changed, ILI% has increased, the proportion of specimens tested positive and the incidence of influenza has decreased in Shanghai. The change in the quality of influenza surveillance is also a potential factor affecting the epidemic intensity of influenza. In the future, the quality control of influenza surveillance network still needs to be further strengthened.