Objective To observe the effect of MnCl2 on glutamate-glutamine cycle(Glu-Gln cycle) and apoptosis of dissociated striatum cells and to approach the antagonism of riluzole to the neurotoxicity of MnCl2.Methods Twenty-seven Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, 9 in each.The first group was the control group and the second group was the single MnCl2 exposure group.Both of the groups were injected with 0.9% NaCl subcutaneously(sc).The third group was the intervention group and was injected with 21.35 ?mol/kg riluzole(sc).Two hours later, the rats in the control group were the given 0.9% NaCl intraperitoneally(ip) injection, the second and third groups were injected with 200 ?mol/kg MnCl2(ip), five times a week, for 4 weeks.Twenty-four hours after the last injection, 6 rats in each group were killed and the contents of Glu and Gln, the activities of glutamine synthetase(GS) and phosphate activated glutaminase(PAG) in the striatum of the rats were determined.The apoptosis of the dissociated striatum cells was detected in the other rats in each group by flow cytometry(FCM) technique.Results Compared with the control group, in MnCl2 group, the content of Glu increased and Gln content decreased significantly(P

Objective To report our experience on construction of detenial sigmoid neobladder after laparoscopic radical cystectomy in 71 cases.Methods From August 2002 to May 2006,a total of 71 patients with invasive bladder carcinoma underwent construction of detenial sigmoid neobladder after laparoscopic radical cystectomy in our hospital.After the bladder was excised by laparoscopy,a 5-to 7-cm incision was made on the abdomen to remove the resected tissues,and then a 15-to 20-cm sigmoid colon was resected,the two colic bands opposite to the mesentery and the circular muscle and seromuscular layers between them were removed to construct a detenial sigmoid neobladder.Afterwards,the neobladder was anastomosed with the posterior urethra.Laparoscopic anastomosis was performed in 26 of the cases.Results The operation time was 240-390 min totally in the 71 cases.Laparoscopic radical cystectomy was finished in 80-270 min(mean,180 min),and the open surgery was completed in 160-240 min(mean 140 min).Oral intake was started at day 4-8 postoperation,ureteral stents were removed at week 3-4,and urethral catheter was removed at week 4.Three months after the operation,the mean intra-bladder pressure was 22.0 cm H2O(17-38 cm H2O),average bladder reservoir was 340 ml(200-410 ml),volume of residual urine was less than 25 ml in all the cases(

Objective To investigate the influence of proprioceptive training of hemiplegic stroke patients on their visually compensatory dependence.Methods Twenty stroke patients without vestibular abnormalities were recruited.They were able to walk for 10 meters.All the patients underwent 4 weeks of rehabilitation training including proprioceptive training,treadmill exercises and isometric muscle strengthening.Static standing balance test was performed before and after 4 weeks of treatment.The parameters such as the anteroposterior and mediolateral sway of the center of gravity,center of gravity distribution were analyzed before and after the treatment,taking into consideration of visual feedback (eyes open or closed) by using t-test and multiple linear regression analysis.Results Visual feedback had significant no influence on the anteroposterior sway of center of gravity before and after training (P ＞ 0.05) ; Visual feedback had significant influence on mediolateral sway of center of gravity.Rehabilitation training significantly improved the mediolateral sway in opened-eye standing (P ＜ 0.05) but not closedeye standing (P ＞ 0.05).Visual feedback played significant role in center of gravity distribution after training (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Visual compensation is of significant influence on the mediolateral sway.Proprioceptive training can help decrease the patient's dependence on visual feedback and enhance the patient's balance ability.

Objective To study the changes of endothelin-1(ET-1) and calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP) in plasma of cerebral vasospasm(CVS) after resection of skull base tumors and the effect of the two factors on cerebral vasospasm. Methods Totally 34 cases were divided into symptomatic cerebral vasospasm group,asymptomatic cerebral vasospasm group and nonvasospasm group after resection of skull base tumors.The blood specimens were obtained from the 34 patients on days 1,3,5,7 and 14 after the resection.The concentration of ET-1 and CGRP was detected by radioimmunoassay;meanwhile,transcranial doppler was recorded.Another 10 normal adult served as control group. Results ① Concentration of ET-1 in plasma elevated from the 1st day after resection of skull base tumors,reaching peak levels on day 5 to day 7,then decreased gradually and nearly recoverd on day 14.Concentration of CGRP in plasma decreased from day 3 after resection of skull base tumors,with the lowest concentration on day 7,then increased gradually and recoverd on day 14.② Concentration of ET-1 in plasma of the three groups was higher than that of normal adult group,while concentration of CGRP of the three groups was lower than that of normal adult group.③ Concentration of ET-1 in plasma in vasospasm groups was higher than that in nonvasospasm group(P

This study discussed how to make a cognitive behavioral therapy-orientated case formulation for the client who was diagnosed as adjustment disorder,and also the importance of the role of case formulation in guiding the whole counseling process.Four months before the client asked for psychological help,he gradually showed symptoms of depression,insomnia,work inefficiency and being suspicious of self-capacity because of the promotion and the change of supportive system.We did the psychological counseling aiming at his cognitive,emotional and behavioral problems.In addition,the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI),Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Subjective Units of Distress Scale (SUDs) were used to evaluate his emotional condition before,after and during the counseling.Results demonstrated that the client's emotional,cognitive and social functions were significantly improved,achieving the expected goals.In conclusion,the cognitive behavioral therapy-orientated case formulation for adjustment disorder could effectively guide the counseling practice.

Objective To ascertain whether the growth inhibitor in conditioned medium from cultured rabbit arte rial cells is distinct from TGF-β. Methods Rabbit aortic smooth muscle ceils were grown from explained segments of the aorta. Conditioned medium from cultured rabbit aortic smooth muscle ceils and anti-TGF-β were employed in this study. Smooth muscle cell proliferation was measured by XTT detection (Boehringer Mannheim). Results Acidified conditioned medium from smooth muscle ceils had significantly stronger effects of growth inhibition than controls, and anti-TGF-β did not affect the growth inhibitory effect of conditioned medium from cultured rabbit arterial smooth muscle cells. Conclusion The growth inhibiting substance in conditioned medium from cultured rabbit aortic smooth muscle cells is distinct from TGF-β.

The functional module of medical science and technology award system was designed by controlling the RBACI limited inheritance relationship model in the RBAC96 model based on role-based access with Chinese medical science and technology award as an example,which can be used to control the access to data in modules at different levels by different users at different times,to develop the application and management system for Chinese medical science and technology award system,and to implement the information management of Chinese medical science and technology award system.

Objective To present our initial experience of pure laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS) for radical cystectomy and bilateral pelvic lymph node dissections. Methods 10 patients with pathology confined bladder urothelial carcinoma underwent laparoendoscopic single-site radical cystectomy, including 9 males and 1 female. After a 3-4 cm lower median abdominal incision was made, quadport or homemade single multichannel port was inserted, and conventional and prebent laparoscopic instruments were utilized. The surgical procedure included bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomies, radical cystectomy and building with a sigmoid orthotopic neobladder by open surgery.Results No extra port needed, neither conversion to open or conventional laparoscopic surgery. The time of LESS procedure ranged from 130 to 330 min (mean 243 nin). Estimated blood loss ranged from 50 to 600 ml (mean 270 ml). 5 patients needed blood transfusion of 2 to 4 units. The pathologic evaluation revealed bladder urothelial carcinoma, negative margins and negative pelvic lymph node involvement. No mortality or severe complications were observed perioperatively. After followup of more than 6 months, all revealed controllable urination at daytime, while 4 revealed nocturnal incontinence and needed one or two pads during nighttime. No evidence of recurrent or metastatic disease was detected. Conclusions LESS radical cystectomy and bilateral lymphadenectomies was safe and feasible, and short-term follow-up showed good tumor control outcomes. Homemade single multichannel port made of two elastic ring and glove was simple and effective.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting YAP on the proliferation and apoptosis of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs).

METHODSSynthesized sequences of siRNA were transfected into hPDLSCs by Lipofectamine™ 2000. The expression of YAP was identified by using real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis. Proliferation activity was detected by using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8). Changes in the cell cycle and apoptosis rate were detected by using flow cytometry. Results were analyzed by using SPSS 19.0, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTSExpression of YAP mRNA and protein were significantly downregulated after 48 h of transfection (P < 0.001). No obvious difference was found in the expression levels of YAP protein between 48 and 72 h, thus indicating that siRNA could inhibit the expression of YAP persistently and effectively. Proliferation activity was inhibited, and apoptosis rate was increased. Cell cycle was changed as the proportion of G₁and S phases increased (P < 0.01) and G₂ phase decreased (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONKnocking down YAP gene by siRNA could inhibit proliferation activity, induce apoptosis, and change the cell cycle of hPDLSCs. Thus, YAP could regulate the proliferation and apoptosis of hPDLSCs.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Cycle ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Down-Regulation ; Humans ; Periodontal Ligament ; drug effects ; Phosphoproteins ; RNA, Messenger ; RNA, Small Interfering ; pharmacology ; Stem Cells ; drug effects ; Transfection

Objective To explore the altered functional connectivity of the amygdala in adolescents with internet gaming disorder (IGD) using resting state functional connectivity (rsFC) and dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) analysis.Methods Thirty adolescents with IGD (IGD group) and 30 demographically matched healthy controls (HC group) were recruited.The right and left amygdala were selected as seed regions,the rsFC and dFC between 2 groups were calculated.The regions showing altered connectivity in IGD were adopted as ROIs for correlation analysis.Results Compared to HC group,IGD group had higher rsFC with the right amygdala over the right inferior temporal,middle temporal gyrus,middle frontal gyrus,lower rsFC with the right amygdala over the left inferior temporal,superior temporal and the right inferior occipital gyrus,superior occipital gyrus.The IGD group had lower rsFC with the left amygdala over the right rectal gyrus and thalamus.Compared to HC group,the IGD group showed higher dFC variance with the left amygdala over the right middle temporal and the left media frontal gyrus,and lower dFC variance over the right precuneus,inferior parietal lobe,posterior cingulate and the left postcentral gyrus.The IGD group showed higher dFC variance with the right amygdala over right middle frontal gyrus and lower dFC variance with the right amygdala over the right middle temporal,the left media frontal gyrus and paracingulate cortex,inferior parietal lobe.The rsFC between the left amygdala and right rectal gyrus was negatively correlated with Chinese Internet Addiction Scale (CIAS) scores.The dFC variance between the left amygdala over the left postcentral gyrus was positively correlated with CIAS scores.The dFC variance between the left amygdala and the right inferior parietal lobe were negatively correlated with CIAS scores.Conclusion The amygdala participates in the development of IGD.