Objective To find out the proper concentration of ZnSO4?7H2O as foliar fertilizer used for Pinellia ternata, and to provide reference for high yield of P.ternate,effects of zinc on the carbon and nitrogen metabolism in leaves of P.ternata and the yield were studied.Methods Seedlings of P.ternata were employed as the experiment material.At the stage of full seedling,ZnSO4?7H2O of different concentration was sprayed on the leaves,the indexes of carbon and nitrogen metabolism were determined on the day 10,the weight of tubers and bulbils were measured at the sprout tumble stage.Results The yield of P.ternata has an exceedingly significant positive correlation with the contents of soluble sucrose and starch in the leaves,a significant positive correlation with the content of photosynthetic pigment and the aldolase activity,and a negative correlation with the amylase activity.In addition,the yield shows both an exceedingly significant positive correlation whith the nitrate reductase activity and a significant positive correlation with the content of protein.At the stage of full seedling,zinc sprayed on leaves can increase the content of photosynthetic pigment and improve the capability of photosynthesis.Meanwhile,spraying zinc can also promote the accumulation of soluble sucrose and starch in the leaves because of its stimulation on aldolase and inhibition on amylase.Besides,spraying zinc on leaves could improve the activity of nitrate reductase and the content of protein,and finally increase the yield of P.ternata.Conclusion The concentration of 600 mg/L is the best for ZnSO4?7H2O used as foliar fertilizer for P.ternate at the stage of full seedling.

Objective To evaluate the role of 5-hydroxy trptarine 2A receptor (5-HT2A) in the pathogenesis of biliary fibrosis after liver transplantation in rats.Method Rats were randomly divided into control group Ⅰ and control group Ⅱ[(supplied livers were preserved for 1 or 12 h),ketanserin group (recipients of control group Ⅱ were intraperitoneally injected with ketanserin 24 h postoperatively at the dosage of 5 mg · kg-1 · day-1),and sham group (rats were subjected to transverse laparotomy and closure without manipulation of the liver).During 4-week observation period,serum biliary enzymes,5-HT content in the liver,the expression of fibrosis-related genes,cholangiocytes proliferation and biliary fibrosis were evaluated.Result Compared with the sham group,the serum ALP,GGT,TBil and 5-HT contents in the liver homogenate were increased on the postoperative day 1 (POD1) and then restored to the normal level.There was slight proliferation of bile duct epithelial cells on POD3 in the control group Ⅰ,with fewer collagen fibers and α-sooth muscle actin (α-SMA)-positive myofibroblasts in the portal area.The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and procollagen α1-mRNA in graft livers was not significantly increased in the control group Ⅰ.To the contrast,the control group Ⅱ demonstrated high levels of serotonin in the liver homogenate and enhanced serum biliary enzymes.Active cholangiocytes proliferation was triggered on POD3 and remained higher than in the control group Ⅰ and the sham group.The control group Ⅱ showed a large number of α-SMA-positive myofibroblasts and collegan fibers at the postoperative week 4.In parallel,the major profibrogenic transcripts MMP2 and procollagen α1 were significantly increased at 2nd,and 4th week postoperation in the control group Ⅱ.Importantly,we also found that ketanserin relieved the signs of biliary fibrosis at 4th week postoperation in 5-HT2A group by the demonstration of reduced collagen fibers and a-SMA-positive myofibroblast in the portal area,as well as the decrease in the fibrosis-related gene expression.In addition to the lower cholangiocytes proliferation,serum levels of biliary enzymes including GGT,ALP and TBil in 5-HT2A group were significantly decreased at 4th week postoperation as compared with the control group Ⅱ.Conclusion Selective 5-HT2A receptor antagonist,Ketanserin retards biliary fibrosis progression posttransplantation,suggesting that 5-HT2A receptor is a potential therapeutic target for ischemia-related biliary fibrosis after DCD liver transplantation.

Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of entecavir combined with pegylated interferons in the patients with hepatitis B.Methods: Totally 72 patients with hepatitis B were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group with 36 ones in each.The patients in the experimental group were treated with entecavir combined with pegylated interferons, and those in the control group were treated with entecavir.The clinical indicators in the two groups were detected and compared after the 24-week, 48-week and 6-month treatment.The adverse drug reactions in the two groups were recorded and compared.Results: After the 24-week treatment, the differences in the clinical indicators between the groups were not statistically significant (P >0.05).After the 48-week and 6-month treatment, the clinical indicators in the experimental group were obviously higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05).The difference in the adverse drug reactions in the two groups was not statistically significant (P >0.05).Conclusion: Compared with entecavir, pegylated interferon combined with entecavir in the treatment of hepatitis B shows better clinical effect and security, which is more worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective To investigate the serum coxsackie virus B(CVB) infection and nitric oxide (NO)level of the patients suffer from latent or chronic Keshan disease and their characteristics in the etiopathology of Keshan disease. Methods Sera were isolated from 30 patients with latent or chronic Keshan disease in Huangling county.Shaanxi Province, and the CVB-specific IgM antibody and NO were tested. Control groups were health subjects in Huangling county or Xi'an city, Shaanxi Province. Results The percentage of CVB-specific IgM positive in patients in Huangling county was significantly higher than that of both control groups in Huangling county and Xi'an city (P＜0. 05). The serum level of NO in patients was significantly higher than that of the control group in Huangling county (P＜0.05) ,however,compared with control group in Xi'an city, there was no difference (P＞0.05). In CVB-specific IgM positive patients,the serum level of NO was significantly higher than that of CVB-specific IgM negative group(P＜0.05).Conclusion CVB infection and serum NO level might be related to the etiopathology and the development of Keshan disease.

OBJECTIVETo study the photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Pinellia ternate from different sources, in order to provide basis for cultivation and breeding.

METHODPigment contents were compared among different sources by the Lichtenthaler method. The light-response and diurnal photosynthesis course of P. ternata from different sources were analyzed by LI-6400 system, and chlorophll fluorescence parameters were analyzed by PAM-2100 system.

RESULTThe difference of photosynthetic characteristics among the sources were remarkable. The light compensation point (LCP) of P. ternate from different sources were 11.57-17.88 micromol x m(-2) x s(-1), the light saturation point (LSP) were 1 000-1 300 micromol x m(-2) x (s-1). All the sources have obvious "midday depression". P. ternate cultivated in Xinjiang showed a higher light saturation point (LSP) and better chlorophyll fluorescence parameters.

CONCLUSIONP. ternata cultivated in Xinjiang showed better photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters than the others.

China ; Chlorophyll ; chemistry ; Fluorescence ; Light ; Photosynthesis ; Pinellia ; chemistry ; physiology ; radiation effects

Studies on lycopene synthesis in Escherichia coli were not only able to gain the strains with high yield and less by-products, but also able to test functions of genes or gene clusters. In this article, the cDNA sequences of tomato LeGGPS2 and LePSY1 as well as the coding sequence of crtI from Erwinia uredovora, each of which was added a ribosome biding site, were controlled by T7 promoter and terminator alone or combined, and expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) to induce lycopene synthesis. The results show that only T7::crtI-LeGGPS2-LePSY1 expressed tri-cistronically could produce lycopene, and 2.124 mg/g dry cell weight oflycopene was obtained when fermented for 5 h at 30 degrees C after mixing 80 micromol/L IPTG at the later logarithmic phase while the seed broth of 1:50 (V/V) was inoculated into LB medium (pH 6.8) containing 3% sucrose and cultured for 8 h at 37 degrees C. The results confirmed the function of the prokaryonized LeGGPS2 and LePSY1 and their synergy with crtI, and also laid a foundation to establish an independent lycopene synthetic pathway in the tomato plastid.
Bacterial Proteins ; genetics ; Carotenoids ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Cloning, Molecular ; Erwinia ; genetics ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Genetic Engineering ; Plant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics

AIM:To investigate the effect of Bushen formulae(BHF)on bone metabolism and its possible mechanism in ovariectomized rats with high salt intake.METHODS:According to the random number table method,80 SPF-grade Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into sham group,ovariectomy(OVX)group,medium-high-salt diet(MSD)group,high-salt diet(HSD)group,BHF group,BHF with normal saline(BHF+NS)group,BHF+MSD group,and BHF+ HSD group,with 10 rats in each group.After modeling,different diets and BHF formula interventions were administered,and the concentrations of sodium chloride added to MSD group and HSD group were 2%(w/w)and 8%(w/w),respective-ly.The dose of BHF was 7.8 g·kg-1·d-1,once a day,and the treatment lasted for 12 weeks.Bone density,bone microar-chitecture,bone parameters,bone metabolism biomarkers,bone histopathological changes,the expression of epithelial sodium channel α(ENaCα),Na-Cl cotransporter(NCC),and voltage-gated chloride channel 3(ClC-3)proteins in bone tissue were detected in each group.RESULTS:Compared with sham group,the rats in OVX group had reduced bone density and destroyed bone microstructure.Compared with OVX group,the bone microstructure in MSD and HSD groups was more significantly damaged,while the levels of bone formation markers,bone glycoprotein(BGP)and type Ⅰ procolla-gen N-terminal peptide(PINP),were significantly increased in HSD group(P<0.05).Moreover,the levels of bone re-sorption markers,such as amino-terminal cross-linked telopeptides of type Ⅰ collagen(NTX),carboxy-terminal cross-linked telopeptides of type Ⅰ collagen(CTX)and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(TRACP),were significantly in-creased(P<0.05),indicating that bone metabolism was in high-conversion state.High-salt diet accelerated the structural destruction of bone trabeculae,and Western blot results showed that high-salt diet caused decreases in the protein expres-sion levels of ENaCα and ClC-3 and an increase in the protein expression level of NCC in femoral tissues(P<0.05).After BHF intervention,the expression of relevant ion channels caused by high salt could be regulated to different degrees.CONCLUSION:Bushen formulae could differentially regulate the expression of relevant ion channels ENaCα,ClC-3,and NCC induced by high salt to different degrees,which has certain ameliorative and therapeutic effects on the imbalance of bone metabolism.

Objective: To evaluate the cardiac function of cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) induced sepsis rats with high-resolution ultrasound. Methods: According to the method of random number table, 48 adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into normal control group and sepsis 6, 12, 24, 30, 48 hours groups, with 8 rats in each group. The sepsis model was produced by CLP, and the rats in the normal control group were only anesthetized and resuscitated. The general situation after modeling in each group was observed, and the left ventricular function was assessed by high-resolution echocardiography at all the time points. The abdominal aorta blood of rats was collected, and the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase (CK-MB) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The myocardial tissue was harvested, and the pathological changes in myocardial tissue were observed by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Results: The rats challenged to CLP displayed symptoms of sepsis, such as depression, ruffled fur, decreased diet and activity, and the symptoms became more obvious with the extension of time. High-resolution echocardiography could clearly show the structure of left ventricle in each group and obtain satisfactory M-mode echocardiography of left ventricle. The heart rate (HR) of rats in all sepsis groups was elevated with the increase in model time as measured by high-resolution ultrasound, and it was significantly higher than that in the normal control group at 12, 24, 30 hours (bpm: 359.66±23.33, 361.35±12.85, 392.67±11.33 vs. 306.24±29.79, all P < 0.05). Stroke volume (SV) and cardiac output (CO) in sepsis rats were decreased with the increase in model time, while left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS) were increased first and then decreased, and SV and LVEF in sepsis 48 hours group were significantly lower than those in the normal control group [SV (μL): 78.43±17.52 vs. 122.61±15.88, LVEF: 0.763±0.018 vs. 0.902±0.011, both P < 0.05]. Left ventricular weight (LVW) in all sepsis groups was increased to different degrees as compared with that in the normal control group, as well as the left ventricular anterior and posterior wall thickness increased in diastole and systole. Compared with the normal control group, the left ventricular posterior wall thickness was increased significantly at the end of diastolic and systolic period in the sepsis 12 hours group, and the left ventricular anterior wall thickness was also increased significantly at the end of diastolic period in the sepsis 48 hours group. The serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and CK-MB in sepsis rats were increased first and then decreased with the extension of model making time. The above parameters in the sepsis 48 hours group were still significantly higher than those in the normal control group [TNF-α (ng/L): 61.59±3.99 vs. 16.87±4.89, IL-1β (ng/L): 255.03±13.23 vs. 119.59±10.43, CK-MB (μg/L): 1.27±0.15 vs. 0.52±0.15, all P < 0.05]. HE staining showed that the myocardial striations of the rats in the normal control group were clear and complete, with normal morphology and orderly arrangement of cardiac cells. However in the sepsis groups, myocardial cells were swollen, ruptured and necrotic, and inflammatory cells were infiltrated, with myocardial fibers ruptured and necrosis dissolved, and the above pathological manifestations gradually increased with the extension of the model making time. Conclusion High-resolution ultrasound can evaluate the cardiac function of CLP induced sepsis rat model more comprehensive, and the consequence of evaluation index is consistent with the expression level of myocardial enzyme and histopathologic manifestations.

ObjectiveTo investigate the epidemic characteristics and influencing factors of acute conjunctivitis caused by human adenovirus（HAdv）in Yantian District of Shenzhen City， Guangdong Province from 2014 to 2022， and to provide evidence for formulating effective prevention and control measures. MethodsDescriptive epidemiology was used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis （AHC） cases reported from the Chinese disease prevention and control information system. Etiological characteristics of laboratory-confirmed cases were analyzed， and a case-control study method of test-negative design （TND） was conducted as well. According to the result of HAdv detection， analysis was used to identify the influencing factors of morbidity. ResultsA total of 1 005 AHC cases were reported in Yantian District， Shenzhen City from 2014 to 2022， with an average annual incidence rate of 49.49/10⁵. The incidence rate ranged from 4.67/10⁵ to 117.28/10⁵. The peak incidence occurred from July to October each year， with a male-to-female ratio of 1.42∶1. The median （P₂₅，P₇₅） age of onset was 29（12，40） years. A total of 716 eye swabs were collected for etiological detection from 2014 to 2022. HAdv positive detection rate was 36.45% （263/716）， Cox 24v positive detection rate was 0.28% （2/716）， while EV70 was not detected. The longest viral shedding time in eye swabs was 10 days， with a median of 2 days. The highest HAdv positive detection rate （47.47%） was observed when the sampling-to-onset interval was 4‒5 days， and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）， with a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. Multivariate logistic regressing analysis showed that aged 18‒ years， and average temperature higher than 24.90 ℃ 3 days before onset （P<0.05） were the risk factors for acute HAdv conjunctivitis. ConclusionAHC in Yantian District， Shenzhen City showed a low level of prevalence from 2014 to 2022， with HAdv being the predominant pathogen. The peak period of viral shedding occurred on the 4th to 5th day after symptom onset， suggesting the importance of adherence to strict home isolation for infected persons. Aged18‒ years and average temperature increased 3 days before onset are associated with an increased risk of adenoviral conjunctivitis. It is recommended to strengthen personal protection and keep doing a good job of AHC surveillance and early warning， so as to timely prevent the outbreaks of AHC.

Objective    To explore the application value of synchronous CT-guided percutaneous biopsy followed by radiofrequency ablation in the diagnosis and treatment of lung tumors. Methods    The clinical data of 21 patients with lung tumors were retrospectively analyzed. There were 8 males and 13 females aged 68 (51, 73) years. A total of 24 lesions underwent CT-guided percutaneous biopsy and concurrent radiofrequency ablation. The effectiveness and safety of this protocol were analyzed. Results    All 21 patients successfully completed the procedures. The diameter of 24 lesions was 17.0 (13.3, 19.0) mm. Biopsy specimens met the requirements of pathological diagnosis, and the effectiveness of specimens was 100.0%. The incidence of small amount of pneumothorax/pleural shrinkage after procedures was 19.0% (4/21) and the incidence of tension pneumothorax was 4.7% (1/21). There was no obvious bleeding or other complications. Conclusion    Synchronous CT-guided percutaneous biopsy followed by radiofrequency ablation combines two interventional techniques, which is safe and effective in the diagnosis and treatment of lung tumors, and it is worthy of popularization and application in clinic.