Objective To assess the relationship between environmental chemical elements and incidence of thyroid diseases in the population of primorsky region in Russia,to understand the effects between iodine deficiency,iodine deficiency diseases and toxic elements (cadmium,lead,arsenic,tin) and essential elements (nickel,iron,molybdenum,zinc,selenium,iodine).Method By analyzing the project of Multi-purpose geochemical mapping (MGHK-1000),through the establishment of priority of screening indicators,the geochemical situation of seaside environment was evaluated; basic correlation analysis and logic analysis of binary type were used,combined with the eco-hygiene method to evaluate the relationship between environmental chemical pollutant and incidence of thyroid diseases.Results The prevalence of thyroid disease was increased in recent years in Primorsky region.This region could be divided into 7 areas according to the total indicator of pollution,imbalance of zinc,iron,cobalt,manganese areas,excess of lead,strontium,nickel,chromium areas which could also lead to iodine deficiency.Conclusions Thyroid diseases are environmental-related diseases due to iodine deficiency,further associated with combined imbalance of trace elements and toxic elements.