Objective To explore the influence of perioperative factors on postoperative pulmonary infection in patients with esophageal cancer.Methods According to the inclusion criteria in the present study, clinical data of 150 patients undergoing radical prostatectomy for esophageal cancer in our hospital was retrospectively analyzed.In accordance with whether the occurrence of pulmonary infection or not, 32 patients were regarded as pulmonary infection group and 118 patients were designated as no-pulmonary infection group.The dosage of anesthesia drug, intubation time, single lung ventilation time, operation time, anesthesia time, extubation time, intraoperative blood loss, crystal transshipment, colloid transshipment, intraoperative total amount of rehydration, anesthesia methods and one-lung ventilation way were recorded.The indexes of anesthesia factors were compared between the two groups.Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to predict the risks of postoperative pulmonary infection for anesthesia factors.Results Total sufentanil and propofol dose, single lung ventilation time, operation time, anesthesia time, extubation time and the percentage of uninterrupted expansion of lung, nose sputum suction catheter and pethidine postoperative analgesia in pulmonary infection group were respectively significantly higher than that of non-pulmonary infection group (all P<0.05).There were no statistical differences of dosage of midazolam and atracurium, intubation time, intraoperative blood loss, crystalloid volume, colloid volume, the total infusion volume, anesthesia methods and intraoperative one-lung ventilation mode between the two groups.Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that each increase of sufentanil total dose of 7.5 μg (OR=1.65, 95%CI 1.24-2.85), each increase of 10 min in single lung ventilation time (OR=2.14, 95%CI 1.32-3.62), each increase of 20 min in anesthesia time (OR=1.87, 95%CI 1.46-3.15), nose sputum suction catheter (OR=2.03, 95%CI 1.27-3.46)as well as pethidine postoperative analgesia (OR=3.44, 95%CI 2.25-5.13) were all risk factors for postoperative pulmonary infection (P<0.05).Conclusion Appropriate amount of sufentanil usage reduces single lung ventilation time and anesthesia time as well as implementing fiber bronchoscope for sputum suction, and postoperative use of self-control vein analgesia can decrease the incidence of postoperative pulmonary infection in esophageal cancer patients.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the use of antibiotics in the inpatients of our hospital.METHODS:The medical records of inpatients from Jan.2004 to Dec.2006 randomly selected in our hospital were analyzed statistically in respect to the irrational use of antibiotics.RESULTS:Of the total 1,120 inpatient medical records examined,843(75.3%) used antibiotics,56 involved irrational use of antibiotics,which manifested as improper in dosage,dosage regimen,drug combination or solvents selection etc.CONCLUSION:The irrational use of antibiotics is quite common,thus the role of clinical pharmacists should be strengthened to promote rational use of antibiotics in clinical practice.

Objective To explore the impact of silver ions on the adhesion ability of Bacillus Calmette-Gueri vaccine on silicone tube surface. Methods Common and silver plated silicone tubes were cultured in BCG bacterial liquid for 30 days. A gas-bacilli was taken once every 3 days to measure OD value of microbial. The growth curve of BCG vaccine was made. The corresponding silicone tubes in divided different generations was removed and eluted based on the division cycle of BCG vaccine. The samples were inoculated on the solid medium for observing the colony growth amount, and adhesion curve was drawn. The silicone tube colony line was observed under the electron microscope at day 30. Results OD value and bacterial plaque number were less in silver silicone tube group than in common silicone tube group, with statistical significances (P < 0.05). Electron microscopy also showed that BCG adhesion on silver silicone tube group was relatively less than that on common silicone tube group. Conclusion Silver ions can reduce the adhesion of BCG vaccine on silicone tube surface and inhibit the growth of BCG vaccine.

Objective To investigate the application v al ue of stereotactic vacuum-assisted core needle breast biopsy (Mammotome biopsy) for breast masses and the surgical treatment for atypical ductal hyperplasia (AD H) detected by the Mammotome biopsy. Methods Ultrasound guide d Mammotome biopsies and corresponding surgical management were carried out in 3 2 patients (39 lesions) in this hospital between March 2003 and January 2004. Results Of the 32 patients (39 lesions), fibroadenosis was diag nosed in 24 patients (31 lesions), plasma cell mastitis in 1 patient, atypical d uctal hyperplasia in 4 patients, and breast cancer, 3 patients. Of the 4 patient s with atypical hyperplasia, a re-operation was conducted and a confirmative dia gnosis of atypical hyperplasia was made in 2 patients, while the oral administra tion of Tamoxifen was given in 1 patient with mild atypical hyperplasia and in 1 patient with moderate to severe hyperplasia. Conclusions For patients with severe ADH detected by the Mammotome biopsy, a re-operation is req uired. For patients with mild to moderate ADH: if the breast mass is palpable pr eoperatively, a surgical excision is recommended; if the patient has non-palpabl e masses with negative family history, in condition that the lesion has been ent irely removed, the surgery is not necessary and the oral administration of Tamox ifen with regular follow-up is indicated.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare Xiaozhong zhitong cataplasma,establish a method for its quality control and to observe its clinical efficacy on orthopedic patients(30 cases).METHODS:Based on the precompounded prescription order of Xiaozhong zhitong powder with water soluble polymer substance as base material which were evenly mixed with the drug extractives before being applied on non-woven fabric to prepare Xiaozhong zhitong cataplasma.The clinical efficacy was compared between the trial group(Xiaozhong zhitong cataplasma) and the control group(Xiaozhong zhitong powder).RESULTS:The prepared Xiaozhong zhitong cataplasma had smooth surface and uniform thickness,with a satisfactory stability achieved within 3 months at a dosage of 0.715 6 g?100 cm-2.The total effective rate in the trial group(93.3%) was significantly higher than in the control group(76.7%)(P

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced (inoperable) rectal cancer. Methods Seventy-six patients with locally advanced (T_4) or recurrent rectal cancer were randomized into two groups of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with either oxaliplatin plus 5-FU (oxaliplatin 130 mg/m~2, day 1,5-FU 350 mg/m~2, day 1 -5 ,LV 200 mg/m~2, day 1 -5, 4 weeks per cycle) or capecitabine (1650 mg/m~2, day 1 -14, 3 weeks per cycle) alone. All patients received pelvic three-dimensional conforrnal radiotherapy (3 DCRT) of 46 -50 Gy in 23 -25 fractions, with a boost of 14 -18 Gy in 7 -9 fractions. Results The median follow-up time was 19 months. The overall response rate was 64% in the oxaliplatin/5-FU group comparing with 58% in the capecitabine group (χ~2 = 0. 08 ,P =0. 772), with the median survival time of 22 months and 18 months (u = 17.71, P = 0. 077), respectively. The overall survival in the two groups was 68% and 63% at 1 year, and 21% and 19% at 2 years, respectively (χ~2 = 0. 97, P = 0. 326). There were no treatment-related deaths or grade 4 toxicities. Neutrocytopenia (39. 5% vs 77.7%, z = -3.97,P =0. 0001), diarrhea (47.4% vs 88.9%, z = -4. 78, P = 0. 0001), nausea and vomiting (68.4% vs 97.2%, z = -3. 17, P = 0. 0001), and neurotoxicity (5.3% vs 66.7%, z= -6.56, P= 0.0001) were more common in the oxaliplatin/5-FU group. Conclusions Concurrent chemoradiotherapy is well-tolerated and effective in patients with locally advanced (inoperable) rectal cancer.

Objective To observe the effects of fructose,fibroblast growth supplement(FGS) and ethylamine sulfonic acid on the total number,the survival rate and the survival number of Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial(hRPE) Cell.Methods Microencapsulated hRPE cells were plated and cultured in four kinds of mediums,which contained fructose,fibroblast growth supplement(FGS),ethylamine sulfonic acid or no extra ingredient respectively.The total cell number,survival rate and viable cell number of the microencapsulated hRPE cell on day 0th,1st,3rd,7th were calculated.Results After 7days of culture,the lowest cell survival rate of microencapsulated hRPE cells in the four groups was(75.00±3.00)%,but there were no significantly differences(Ps＞0.05) among the groups.The total number of cells in the fibroblast growth factor group([8.00±0.46]×104) and ethylamine sulfonic acid group([7.20±0.36]×104) were significantly higher than the blank group(([6.10±0.56]×104),Ps＜0.05),while no statistical difference was observed in the comparison between the fructose group([6.00±0.46]×104) and blank control(P＞0.05).Conclusion The FGS and ethylamine sulfonic acid can promote the proliferation of the microencapsulated hRPE cells.

ObjectiveTo study a practical individualized computer-aided design project for cranioplasty in Chinese mainland. Methods6 patients with cranial defect was performed superthin skull CT,three-dimension reconstruction. The template for the skull defected was made simulating the shape and contour of cranial defect. after patient,s consent,silicone rubber terylene patch was made as a substrate for the repair of cranial defect. ResultsThis project provides a good result,especial an excellent cosmetic result. No side-effect appears,operation time is shorter than ever.ConclusionAn individual project for computer-assisted cranioplasty has been finished,which can be popularized for its value.

Objective To investigate the pathological features of chronic inflammation in prostatic specimens,and study the correlation of chronic prostatic inflammation with prostate cancer and hyperplasia of prostate in the elderly.Methods The histopathologic features of prostatic specimens which were taken during prostatectomy were retrospectively observed.The inflammatory cells in partial cases were labeled by immunohistochemical markers such as CD3,CD20,CD4,CD8,CD117 and CD138,and by inflammation related factors such as nuclear factor(NF)-κB,(COX-2),tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS).Results The chronic prostatic inflammation of different extent were found in 100 patients with prostate cancer and 76 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia,among them 71 cases (40.3 ％) had mild chronic prostatic inflammation,80 cases (45.5 ％) had moderate chronic prostatic inflammation,25 cases (14.2 ％) had severe chronic prostatic inflammation.Inflammatory cells mainly were CD3-labeled lymphocytes,accompanied by a small amount of mononuclear cells and mast cells.Chronic prostatic inflammation was not correlated with prostatic carcinoma and its differentiation degree,benign prostatic hyperplasia,focal atrophy and its subtypes,and high grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (all P＞ 0.05).There was correlation between chronic prostatic inflammation and expression of COX-2 (P＜ 0.05).Conclusions The histological chronic inflammation is common in the prostate specimens in elderly men.There are no direct correlations of prostatic inflammation with prostatic carcinomas and benign prostatic hyperplasia.Prostatic inflammation is positively correlated with the expression of COX 2,which may be associated with the activation of COX-2 pathway induced by oxidative stress.

Objective:To investigate the theraputic effect of STAT3 Decoy-ODN combined with chemotherapy drugs for HCC commonly used in clinical,include doxorubicin (DOX),5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) and cisplatin;and,analyzing the impact of combination therapy on the immune system.Methods:MTT assay was used to detect cell proliferation,and Annexin-V /7AAD double staining assay was used to detect the apoptosis of Decoy ODN transfected-hepatoma cells treated with chemotherapy drugs.The tumor growth and survival rate of H22 tumor-bearing mice treated with DOX combined with STAT3 Decoy-ODN or not were observed.FACS was applied to analyze the subpopulation and activation of PBMCs from tumor-bearing mice treated as above,and to evaluate the influence of DOX or DOX-treated tumor cells on spleen lymphocyte activation.Results: DOX-induced the suppression and the apoptosis of H22 were significantly increased by Decoy ODN transfection.The combination treatment of Decoy ODN and DOX significantly reduced H22 tumor growth and extended the survival of tumor-bearing mice.Low-dose DOX could increase the proportion of T cells and CD69+T cells in PBMCs,as well as the expression of CD107a and IFN-γin NK cells.DOXt-reated H 22 cells increased the proportion of T cells.Conclusion:Targeted blocking STAT3 could enhance the sensitivity of liver cancer cells to doxorubicin.So,combination therapy may improve DOX therapeutic effect and reduce DOX-mediated side effects.Furthermore,low dose of DOX can promote the activation of host immune system by acting on tumor cells.