Objective To explore the expression of the mRNA level of Fas (CD95) ligand/FasL and Fas-associated phosphatase-1/FAP-1 in acute myeloid leukemia. Methods The expression of FasL and FAP-1 were detected in 54 patients with AML and 10 normal subjects by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). β-actin used as internal reference. The changes of FasL was observed after induction chemotherapy in 16 AML patients. The expression of Fas was detected in 54 patients with AML by flow cytometry. Results The mRNA levels of FasL and in 54 patients were remarkably higher(P <0.05) than the normal controls. The rates of first complete remission(CR) were significantly higher in FasL(+) (77.78 %) than in FasL(-) cases(16.67 %) (P<0.01). The FasL level declined in 10 patients with good response to therapy (P<0.01), and high level in 6 nonresponding patients with poor response (P>0.05). The mRNA levels of FAP-1 in 54 patients was remarkly higher than that of the normal control. 8/29 cases in Fas-positive group were positive for FAP-1 mRNA expression. 19/25 cases in the Fas-refractory group didn't express FAP-1 mRNA. Conclusion The expression of FasL was high in AML. The rates of complete remission were high in FasL positive cases. The FasL level declined in patients with good response to therapy. The expression of FAP-1was partly expressed in AML. The expression of FAP-1 was less in Fas positive group.

BACKGROUND: In the ischemic cerebral area there are viable tissues of low blood perfusion. Theses tissues can be rescued as long as blood supply is restored timely. As an imaging agent,99Tcm-HL91 can be used to demonstrate the viable cerebral tissues in hypoxic and ischemic area.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the value of 99Tcm-HL91 imaging in assessing ischemic stroke,in order to provide evidences for early intervention.DESIGN: An observational and controlled trial based on patients and healthy voluinteers.SETTING: A nuclear medicine department in a university and a neurological department and a nuclear medicine department in a provincial hospital.PARTICIPANTS: From March 2000 to September 2001,eighteen inpatients and outpatients suffering from ischemic cerebral diseases and 4 volunteers were enrolled in the study.METHODS: In the 18 patients,11 were clinically diagnosed as cerebral infarction,5 TIA,2 vertebrobasilar insufficiency. All the subjects underwent 99Tcm-HL91 cerebral hypoxia tomographic imaging. The labeled 99Tcm-HL91(555-1 110 MBq) was intravenously injected into the human body and imaging was conducted after 20 -30 minutes,17 patients underwent CT or MRI examination at the same time. Eleven patients underwent 99Tcm-ECD tomopraphic imaging on the next day. The results of the 3 examinations were compared with each other. The uptake in the inside and around-infarct areas was determined by direct visual observation on the images. Positive change was given by presence of increased uptake and negative by absence. The uptake change that could not be clearly defined as positive or negative was considered critical level. But the uptake on both hemispheres was compared with ROI technology. The change over 25% between hemispheres was set as positive and the other was negative. So there was no critical group in this study.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The results of cerebral hypoxia imaging,CT,MRI and cerebral perfusion imaging.RESULTS: Among the 18 patients,5 were positive for hypoxia imaging(4infarction and 1 vertebrobasilar insufficiency). In the 99Tcm-ECD perfusion,6out of 11 patients manifested of regional decreased blood perfusion. Nine patients manifested of abnormal CT or MRI results. No abnormalities were detected in the 4 volunteers.CONCLUSION: Although 99Tcm-HL91 imaging for diagnosis of cerebral ischemic disease is affected by many factors,it can identify whether the ischemic tissue is hypoxic or necrotic when the perfusion imaging demonstrate low flow. So it helps in guiding rehabilitation intervention and foretelling prognosis.

Purpose:To study the expression of CK19 and CK2 0mRNA in peripheral blood patients with FRGO Stage ⅠA to ⅡA cervical carcinoma and to investigate its clinical significance. Methods:Using the reverse transcription polymerase chain reacti on(RT-PCR),CK19 and CK20mRNA expression was examined in peripheral blood fro m 250 patients with early cervical carcinoma before operation,50 Patients with benign gynecological tumors and 18 healthy volunteers. In 250 patients,possible correlations between clinical pathological factors were analyzed. Results:The positive expression rates of CK19 and CK20mRNA were 36% and 24% in 250 cervical carcinomas respectively,in comparison with 3.0% an d 0% with benign gynecological tumors and all subjects in healthy volunteers wer e negative; The expression of CK19 and CK20 mRNA were significantly correlated w ith lymph vascular space involvement,but was not associated with prognostic fac tors including stage,differentiation,pathological types ,lymph node metastasis ,bully tumor size . In patients with CK19 mRNA(+)/CK20 mRNA(+),the rate of lymp h node metastasis and vascular space involvement and recurrence outside the pelv is was significantly higher than that of patients with CK1R mNA9(-)/CK20 mRNA(- )(P

Two systems which covered nearly 1. 1 billion people in China’s social health insurance, namely the New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme ( NRCMS ) and the Urban Residents’ Health Insurance System ( URHIS ) , have been depended mainly on government support with high percentage of premium subsidies. This paper deals with the current situation and probes into the main subsidy policy problems by making an overall analysis on the policies of 31 cross-country provinces , and in result points out four problems including the long-term mechanism shortage, in-distinct responsibility between governments at different levels, the equity deficiency and the subsidies inefficiency. Finally, the paper concludes with enlightening some corresponding policies and suggestions.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of psychological intervention and gefitinib in the treatment of elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer with limited pulmonary resection. Methods The control group were all treated with limited pulmonary resection. Preoperative chemotherapy was given to gefitinib. The study group was given psychological intervention during the preoperative chemotherapy on the basis of the control group. Results The resection rate in the study group was 93.55％, while in the control group was 74.19％, the difference in the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05). The transfer rate was 3.23％ and the recurrence rate was 3.23％ in the control group, which was significantly lower than those in the control group the transfer rate of 19.35％, the recurrence rate of 16.13％. 1 years survival rate in the study group 80.65％ was significantly higher than that in the control group 64.52％, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion On the basis of routine preoperative application of gefitinib combined with local excision treatment, the elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer with psychological intervention measures can make them achieve more ideal effect and prognosis.

Objective To assess the prevalence of c-Kit and FLT3 gene mutations in core binding factor related acute myeloid leukemia (CBF-AML) and analyze the karyotype characteristics of the CBF-AML patients. Methods Mutations of c-Kit, FLT3-ITD and FLT3-TKD were detected by genomic DNA PCR and sequencing, and the karyotype changes were analyzed in 48 newly diagnosed CBF-AML patients. Results c-Kit aberrations were detected in 13(27.1 %) out of 48 patients, including 5 cases with exon 8 mutation and 8 cases with exon 17 mutation. c-Kit was more prominent in t(8;21) AML patients than in inv(16) AML patients [(33.3 %(9/27) vs 19.0 %(4/21), P<0.05]. Only 1 case (2.1 %) had FLT3-ITD mutation (FLT3-ITD+) and 3 cases (6.3 %) had FLT3-TKD mutation (FLT3-TKD +). Prevalence of RUNX1-RUNX1T1 with additional chromosome abnormality was as high as 25.9 %(7/27), in which sex chromosome elimination was the most common one, while prevalence of CBFβ-MYH11 with additional chromosome abnormality was low. Conclusion c-Kit gene mutations and RUNX1-RUNX1T1 additional chromosome abnormalities are common in patients with CBF-AML and would be helpful for individualized treatment studies.

The recent applications of chitosan and its derivatives in enzyme immobilization are reviewed in this paper. It is introduced that the immobilized enzyme on different kinds of chitosan and its derivitaves have been prepared by various immobilization methods. Their applications are also discussed. The chitosan and its derivatives are admirable carriers for enzyme immobilization with many advantages, such as various and simple immobilized methods? good biocompatibility and abundant resources.

Objective To explore the indexes change of coagulation and fibrinolysis in APL with ATRA and As2O3.Methods Treatment group 18 eases were undeaaked ATRA 20-30 mg/d until relieved completely.0.1%arsenic trioxide 10 ml with 5%glucose 500 ml for 28 days.Normal control 10 cases were undertaked ATRA 45～60 mg/d until relieved completely.Results The CR rate of treatment group was higher than control group(P＜0.05),the patients of control group showed different reactions such as thirsty mouth,rationale acid syndrome.2 cases reacted strongly and the treatment had to be interrupted,the patients of treatment group had little reaction,but liver function were badly hurt and liver-protection treatment was needed.Fbg,D-dimer recovery time is 7 days,21 days in treatment group,14 days,21 days in control group.Conclusion CR rate is high and has little side effect,and indexes change of coagulation and fibrinolysis were recovered quickly,it has great significance to take D-dimer as early diagnose and observe the indexes change during the treatment.

Objective To investigate the effect of ulinastatin (UTI) on the expression of brainderived neurotrophic factor ( BDNF ) and remyelination in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis ( EAE).Methods Twenty-four C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into UTI group (U),normal saline treated group (S) and normal control group (N,n = 8,respectively).Demyelinations in the spinal cord were observed by solochrome cyanin staining.The expression of BDNF,myelin basic protein (MBP),and 2',3 '-cyclic nucleotide 3'-phosphodiesterase (CNP) in brain tissue of each group were evaluated by Western blot.Results Average clinical scores in group U at the 12,13,14,22,23,31,33,34 and 35 days were 0,0.25,0.38,0.63,0.63,0.40,0.40,0.40 and 0.40 respectively.They were significantly lower than group S at the same time ( U= 16.00,15.00,14.50,7.50,0.00,14.50,14.50,12.00 and 14.50,all P ＜0.05).Solochrome cyanin staining showed that demyelination of spinal cord in group U was also significantly improved than group S.Expressions of BDNF ( 1.96 ± 0.29),MBP (2.67 ± 0.48 ) and CNP ( 1.75 ± 0.20) in group U were all significantly higher than group S ( There were 0.80 ± 0.15,1.36 ± 0.38 and 1.06 ± 0.18 respectively,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions UTI has protective effect on EAE.The possible mechanism is that it could promote remyelination,and protect oligodendrocytes and neurons in EAE model by increasing BDNF expression in brain.

Objective To investigate the expression and clinical significance of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) of breast.Methods Immunohistochemical streptavidin-biotin method(LSAB) method for CD68 and CD163 were performed on 68 cases of IMPC and 72 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma,not otherwise specified(IDC-NOS).Results CD68 and CD163 were mainly expressed in IMPC interstitial macrophages in the cytoplasm or on the membrane,and occasionally expressed in tumor nest.CD68 positive rate in tumor stroma in IMPC (47/68,69.1％) was higher than in IDC-NOS group (37/72,51.5％),and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P =0.022).CD163 positive rate in tumor stroma between the two groups was not statistically significant(P =0.682).CD68 + macrophages in IMPC stroma were positively correlated with pathological stage,histological grade,lymph node metastasis,vascular invasion,and Ki67 expression(P ＜ 0.05),and inversely correlated with the expression of ER(P =0.037).Univariate analysis showed that CD68 + macrophages in the stroma of IMPC were significantly associated with progression-free survival(P =0.027),Conclusion The expression of TAMs was different in different types of breast carcinoma and widely expressed in IMPC,which may play a significant role in high invasion and metastasis behavior of IMPC.