Objective To explore the hemodynamics changes of patent foramen ovale (PFO) ofnewborn and early infant.Methods Two groups of cases were analyzed in the study.One group was 60 cases of left-to-right(L-R)shunt in fossa ovalis(FO),the other group was 31 cases of PFO that were foundduring corrective heart surgery but no shunts in FO detected by echocardiography.ACUSON 128 was used.The main indexes were mobility of FO valve,phase,direction,velocity of shunt in FO,jet width.Results ①Valve of FO moved from left to right and right to left with the change of cardiac-period;②44 cages appeared that the jet with<5 mm,Doppler spectrum was two-peaks, positive continuity,peak flow velocity <0.5 m/s;③1 6 cases appeared that the jet width>6 mm,postive wide spectrum,continued from latesystole to diastole,peak flow velocity>0.6 cm/s;④Inside diameter in surgery group was 2～6 mm,meanvalue was 3.4 mm.Conelusions FO valves appears two-directional shunt,the PFO of newborn and early infant mostly appears left-to-right shunt.Atrial septal defect could be diagnosed when the jet width>6 mmand peak flow velocity>0.6 m/s.

Objective To explore the effects of UVB on the expression of Gadd45a gene and DNA methylation levels in Jurkat cells. Methods Jurkat cells were irradiated with UVB of 1.0 J/cm2 and 1.5 J/cm2 respectively, and collected at 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours after the irradiation. Real-time RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of Gadd45a gene and methylation-sensitive genes CD11a and CD70. Global methylation level was also measured by MethylAmp global DNA methylation quantification kit. Results After irradiation with UVB at 1.0 J/cm2, the mRNA level of Gadd45a increased but global methylation level decreased at 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours, and significant changes were observed at 6 and 12 hours for the level of both Gadd45a mRNA expression and global methylation (P ＜ 0.01 or 0.05). Elevated mRNA expressions of CD11 a and CD70 were also noted in Jurkat cells after irradiation with UVB of 1.0 J/cm2, and significant elevation was observed at 12 hours (both P ＜ 0.05 ). After irradiation with UVB of 1.5 J/cm2, there was a statistical increase in the mRNA expressions of Gadd45a, CD11 a, CD70, together with a statistical decrease in global methylation level in Jurkat cells, at 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours (P ＜ 0.01 or 0.05). The mRNA expression of Gadd45a negatively correlated with the global level of DNA methylation in Jurkat cells (r = -0.395, P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion UVB irradiation can upregulate the expression of Gadd45a, but downregulate the global DNA methylation level in Jurkat cells.

Objective To investigate the clinical therapeutic effects of neuromuscular electric stimulation (NMES) on patients with swallowing disorders after stroke. MethodsA total of 98 patients with a swallowing disorder after stroke were randomly divided into an NMES group (38 cases),a rehabilitation group (30 cases) and a control group (30 cases).In the control group the patients were treated with medication only; the in rehabilitation group they were treated with medication and swallowing rehabilitation training; in the NMES group they were treated with medication and NMES.The treatments lasted for 3 weeks in all groups.The swallowing function of patients in each group were observed and assessed with dysphagia scoring pre-and post-treatment.Complications of the swallowing disorders,side effects of treatment and the stomach tube leaving rate were observed. ResultsAfter treatment,the dysphagia scores of patients in the NMES and rehabilitation groups both increased,but the average scores in the NMES group were significantly higher than in the rehabilitation and control groups.The difference in therapeutic effect between the three groups was statistically significant.After treatment,the incidence of aspiration pneumonia in the NMES group was significantly lower than that in the control and rehabilitation groups.The average stomach tube leaving rate in the NMES group was significantly lower than that in the control group,but there was no significant difference in stomach tube leaving rates between the rehabilitation group and the NMES group.There was no significant difference among the three groups in malnutrition.No side effect was observed in any group.Conclusions NMES could alleviate post-stroke dysphagia and decrease the incidence of aspiration.The short-term therapeutic effect of NMES was better than that of swallowing rehabilitation training,but the long-term therapeutic effects were about the same in the two groups.

Objective To construct Gadd45a expression plasmid and induce its expression in human T cells.Methods Gadd45a was amplified by reverse transcription PCR from human embryonic stem cells,and cloned into the pcDNA3.1 vector.The recombinant plasmid or blank plasmid was transfected into Jurkat cells or normal human CD4+T cells using electroporation,and the expression of Gadd45a was detected by quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot.Results Human Gadd45a expression plasmid was constructed successfully.Gadd45a was overexpressed both in Jurkat cells and normal human CD4+T cells after these cells were transfected with pcDNA3.1-Gadd45a.Conclusion The construction of Gadd45a expression plasmid and induction of Gadd45a overexpression in human T cells lay the foundation for further research on the role of Gadd45a in the epigenetic mechanism.

AIM: To study the action of JNK in stimulating proliferation in rat hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) induced by interleukin-1?. METHODS: Activation of JNK was detected with Western blotting, while the proliferation of HSCs induced by interleukin-1? and the effect of JNK specific blockade SP600125 were measured with cell counting kit-8. RESULTS: Interleukin-1? up-regulated proliferation in rat HSCs, which was obviously inhibited by SP600125, compared with control group (without SP600125 treatment) (1.560?0.110), the decrease was significant (1.427?0.113, P

OBJECTIVE:To discuss about the internationalized management of Chinese medicine enterprises in our country METHODS:To analyse the internationalization of Chinese medicine enterprises in the aspects of necessity,possibility and the essentials for implementation RESULTS & CONCLUSION:Facing the new management environment brought by development of international natural drug market,globalization of economy and China joining WTO,the Chinese medicine enterprises in our country should conform to the trend of the times,grasp opportunity,face the challenge Then they could survive and develop

Objective To investigate the manifestations of indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) of the choroidal neovascular membrane (CNV) and the relationship with histopathological changes in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Methods Twenty-one eyes of 21 patients with AMD diagnosed by ICGA were classified into three types based on ICGA findings: developing type in 9 eyes, degenerating type in 9, and stabilizing type in 3. CNV was extracted by vitrectomy and the histopathological characteristics of CNV was observed under the light and electron microscope. Results The histopathological characteristics of the specimens of developing type revealed abundant CNV partly enwrapped with non-pigmental cells and fibrous tissue or a few pigmental cells; degenerating type revealed reduced activation duration of CNV, many pigmental cells and a little fibrous tissue; stabilizing type revealed a mass of fibrous tissue,few CNV and nonexistence of pigmental cells. Conclusion The histopathological characteristics of exudative AMD may be related to the manifestations of ICGA.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of lamivudine and adefovir in the treatment of patients with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis . Methods 90 cases of patients with hepatitis B cirrhosis of the liver decompensation period from August 2013 to June 2015 in our hospital were researched.According to the random number table method divided into observation group and control group , each of 45 cases, the total course of treatment was one year.The observation group was treated with lamivudine combined with adefovir dipivoxil , control group was treated with lamivudine.The clinical effect, the indexes of liver function, the changes of HBV-DNA and Child-pugh score were compared between the two groups after treatment.Results After treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group ( 93.33%) was obviously higher than that of control group (48.89%), the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), the observation group alanine amino acid, total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase were (71.23 ±21.32)U/L, (28.32 ±4.65)Umol/lL, (4.65 ±9.25)U/L, they were significantly lower than control group (111.54 ±16.25)U/L, (46.53 ±4.89 ) Umol/L, ( 4.89 ±12.11 ) U/L, the observation group albumin ( 39.82 ±2.62 ) g/L was significantly higher than control group (35.55 ±2.22)g/L, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05), after treatment, the observation group hepatitis b HBV DNA levels, Dhild pugh score (2.78 ±0.45)log10 copies/mL, (6.12 ±1.23) were significantly lower than the control group (3.89 ±0.65)log10 copies/mL, (7.89 ± 1.21)scores, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05).Conclusion The combination of lamivudine and adefovir dipivoxil significantly decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis has a curative effect, it could effectively improve the patient's liver function, Dhild-pugh score, HBV-DNA level.

Breast cancer survivors often suffer from a variety of complications post operation, such as upper limb dysfunction, limb lymphedema, brachial plexus nerve injury, and so on. This article reviewed the pathogenesis and rehabilitation of these complications.

Objective To analysis the reliability of the examination of Introduction of Nursing by using the methods of generalizability theory and to give advice on how to modify examination paper.Methods Estimation value of variance component from different variations and precision indexes were calculated by applying the principle of generalizability theory.Results The generalizability coefficient and index of dependability were greater than 0.4 in choice question and terminology explanation,the generalizability coefficient of short-answer question was also greater than 0.4.Short-answer question's index of dependability and generalizability coefficient and index of dependability of comprehensive problem were less than 0.4.Conclusions Generalizability theory can be used in analysis the reliability of the examination of Introduction of Nursing.Its result is helpful to improve the framework of examination papers and the reliability of examination.