[Objective]To study the correlated factors of hidden blood loss after simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty.[Method]From Feb.2005 to Feb.2007,a retrospective analysis of 44 patients underwent knee arthroplasty was conducted to calculate the mean blood loss and occult blood loss according to Gross formula.The true total blood loss was calculated depending on height weight and pre-and post-operation HCT.[Result]The mean total blood loss were 2 065 ml in these cases with occult blood loss of 1 198 ml.In patients with autologous blood transfusion,the mean total blood loss were 2 180 ml with occult loss of 937 ml(42%).In patients without autologous blood transfusion,the mean total blood loss were 1 195 ml with occult blood loss of 799 ml(41%).[Conclusion]The hidden blood loss result in large volume of the total blood loss in the postoperative period which can not be fully compensated by autologous blood transfusion and it 's very important to additional blood supply during simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty.

The paper expounds the connotation of HIS troubles, the methods for determining HIS troubles and the necessity of establishing a contingency plan for clearing such troubles. It also puts forward some specific measures for managing the contingency plan: ①defining the accountability and division of work in clearing various kinds of troubles; ②doing a good job of coordination in clearing troubles; ③carrying out strict training for the relevant personnel; and ④conducting checks and supervision all the time. Establishment of the plan makes it clear to HIS managers that enough attention ought to be paid to the prevention of troubles.

Objective To establish the procedural pain nursing care protocols to improve the management of perioperative pain in elderly patients after total knee replacement,as well as to relief postoperative pain,and promote the rehabilitation.Methods 82 patients were randomly divided into the control group (45 cases) and the intervention group (37 cases).The control group was controlled by usual care,and the intervention group was offered with the standardized pain nursing care.The scores for postoperative pain,the satisfaction for analgesia,the complications associated with analgesia and the injection rate of Dolantin at 24,48,72h postoperatively were compared between two groups.Results The score for postoperative pain at rest in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group at 24 h postoperatively,but there was no statistical difference at 48 h and 72 h postoperatively.Pain scores during passive activity at 24,48h,and 72h postoperatively were significantly lower in the intervention group when compared with that of the control group.The rates of side effects at 24,48,72h postoperatively in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group.The injection rate of Dolantin in the control group were significantly higher than that in the intervention group.The score for both analgesia and life satisfactory in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the intervention group at 24,48,72h postoperatively.Conclusions Procedural pain nursing care can reduce the pestoperative pain,complications and the injection rate of Dolantin in patients after total knee replacement.It can also improve elderly patients' satisfaction of analgesia and promote early recovery of their joint function.

Objective To observe the validity and feasibility of PBL teaching method in occupational health and occupational medicine theory teaching.Methods Sixty-one five-year undergraduates majored in preventive medicine were selected and self-control was applied.Two teaching contents which had similar teaching requirements were selected,one applied PBL teaching method and the other applied traditional teaching method.Students' results and passing rate in examination were analyzed and compared.SPSS 16.0 software was used for statistical analysis and data were manifested as ((x-) ± s).T test was used to do comparison between average results and chi-square test was used to do comparison between rates.SAS 9.0 software was employed and Fisher's exact probability analysis was performed on percent of pass.P＜0.05 stands for statistically significant differences.Results Test scores of the students taught by PBL teaching method were significantly higher than those of students taught by traditional teaching method (P＜0.05).Both female and male students' test scores were improved (P＜0.05) and increase of female students' test scores were more obvious than male students'.Passing rate of female students taught by PBL teaching method was significantly higher than female students taught by traditional teaching method (P＜0.05).Conclusion PBL teaching method applied in occupational health and occupational medicine theory teaching can significandy improve the quality of teaching.

AIM To establish an animal experimental model for study on prevention of cisplatin toxicity and explore the possible mechanisms of the toxicity induced by cisplatin administration. METHODS Cisplatin was administered i.p consecutively for five days to male mice weighted from 28 to 30 g. The toxic effects induced by different doses of cisplatin on hearing, liver and kidney were determined. RESULTS Dose dependent decrease of body weight, abnormality of kidney and liver coefficients, levels of BUN and activities of ALT in serum were induced by cisplatin administration. Furthermore, Levels of GSH, activities of GSH Px and SOD increased significantly in kidney. Reversely, levels of GSH, activities of GSH Px and SOD in liver decreased and levels of LPO increased significantly in animals given cisplatin compared with those in control animals. CONCLUSION Obvious damage on hearing, liver and kidney of mice could be induced after consecutively 5 days administration of cisplatin with doses range from 3 0 to 4 0 mg?kg -1 (body weight). Oxidative damage is one of the mechanisms of these toxic effects on liver and kidney induced by cisplatin. But for different organs or at different stages of cisplatin administration, the main mechanism may be different.

Objective To observe the effect of cervical plexus block combined with cervical vertebra traction treatment of cervical spondylosis of nerve root type .Methods 60 cases of nerve root type cervical spondylosis were divided into two groups by coin tossing:group A(n=32) cervical plexus block combined with cervical traction thera-py, group B( n=28) treated by cervical traction therapy ,according to the severity of pain compared two groups of treatment effect.Results after treatment,20d group 10d,30d,90d pain scores were (4.61 ±0.70)%,(3.71 ± 0.57)%,(3.30 ±0.65)%,(4.44 ±1.04)%,group B respectively (5.88 ±1.47)%,(5.61 ±1.35)%,(4.83 ± 0.86)%,(5.50 ±0.87)%,the difference between two groups was statistically significant (t=5.85,1.06,1.30, 7.51,all P<0.01).Conclusion The cervical plexus block combined with cervical traction for treatment of nerve root type of cervical spondylosis is better than the routine treatment of cervical traction ,which is suitable for promotion of primary health care units .

Objective To establish a method for high throughput screening single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) by tag microarray,and then apply the method to study the gene SNP which is related to the motor function of normal people.Methods The genes related to motor function were firstly defined,and then 48 SNP loci were determined.The rs numbers of these SNP loci were fingered out from PubMed,and the primers were designed with the software in web site "www.autoprimer.com".The primer sequences were then downloaded and sent to the biologic corporation for synthesis.After being synthesized and purified by HPLC these primers were used in the experiments according to the instruction of Bakeman's SNPstream machine.The key techniques of SNPstream machine were tag microarray and single nucleotide extension assay.Once the determination was finished,both the gene frequency and allele frequency of every locus could be statistically analyzed.Results The information of the 48 SNP loci that related to motor function had been determined simultaneously by tag microarray,regardless the number of samples to be detected at the same time.The number of the samples was variable to meet the need.The data of gene frequency and allele frequency of these 48 SNP loci may be used in the subsequent studies.Conclusions Tag microarray used to high throughput screening SNP has the advantages of accuracy,speed,efficiency and reasonable cost.Therefore it can be applied to study the relationship between the SNP and many kinds of diseases.

0.05). It was revealed by correlation analysis that p-AMY level was negative correlated with that of fasting serum glucose (r=-0.127 6), 2h-glucose (r=-0.096 4) and GSP (r=-0.109 4), implying the hyper-glucose might increase pancreas fibrosis and lead to decreased secretion of p-AMY. Conclusion Changes of serum digestive enzymes are correlated with the progress of diabetes mellitus and hypertension, may reflect the pancreatic function, and should be much concerned.

Objective To investigate the proliferation and analyze the protein expression of the Hela cells by the regulation of glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) that acts as the donor of nitric oxide.Methods Cell morphology and MTT assay were used to analyze cell proliferation.Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2-DE) and computer-assisted image analysis find the spots of interests. Difference of protein expression between GTN-treating group and control group was detected.Results Hela cells treated with 40?g/ml GTN in culture medium underwent inhibition of the growth activity, which were not clustered and shriveled. Some atypia cells were observed.Density of the cells was obviously decreased(0.0825, P

Objective To study the influence of the measurement of the platelet-monocyte aggregates (PMAs) by using of flow cytometry (FCM).Methods Anticoagulated peripheral venous bloods from nine healthy donors were incubated with a PE-CD14 MAb (monocyte marker) and a FITC-CD42a MAb (platelet marker) for 20 min and the formations of PMAs were measured by use of FCM.The factors such as fixative, anticoagulant, storage time and temperature were analyzed.Results The PMAs of citrated whole blood increased with the time elapsed in 6 h after blood drawing when they were stored in the room temperature.The PMAs of each time point showed significant difference (P