Objective To compare the one?year survival rates of maintenance hemodialysis (HD) patients with different quality of life, and analyze related factors affecting the prognosis of patients. Methods Patients on hemodialysis for at least 3 months were enrolled. A short form 36 health survey questionnaire (SF?36) and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) were used to evaluate the quality of life and quality of sleep. To observe one?year all?cause mortality and Cox regression model was used to analyze the factors associated with survival outcomes. Results A total of 159 patients undergoing hemodialysis were included, in which 136 patients completed the follow?up after one?year observation. The one?year survival rate in patients with both high physical component summary (PCS) and mental component summary (MCS) scores was significantly better than the patients with low PCS and MCS scores (P﹤0.05). PCS, hemoglobin and serum albumin were the protection factors for HD patients. Conclusions Quality of life is strongly associated with prognosis in HD patients. Enhancing quality of life is of clinical significance in the improvement of HD patients' survival rate.

Objective To compare discrepancy between genotype and pheotype of th e clinical isolates of Candida rugosa. Methods The fung us-specific universal prim ers derived from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of fungal rDNA wer e used for amplification. Genomic DNA purified from the thirteen clinical isolat es of non-C. Albicans was amplified by PCR. The purified PCR product was cloned into pBluescript Ⅱ KS(+) T vector and sequenced by Sanger's dideoxy chain terminatio n composition method. The two isolates were evaluated against CHROM Candida medi um and API 20C AUX. Results The two isolates of Candida rugosa were evaluated as Candida tropicalis by CHROM Candida medium and API 20C AUX. Conclusio ns Discrep ancy between genotype and phenotype of the two clinical isolates of Candida ru gosa was confirmed.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Coopdech bronchial blocker combined with a strengthened single-lumen tube for airway management in patients undergoing upper mediastinal tumor resection. Methods Twenty-two ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients, aged 24-66 yr, weighing 48-78 kg, scheduled for elective resection of upper mediastinal tumor, were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=11 each):double-lumen tube group(groupⅠ) and Coopdech bronchial blocker combined with a strengthened single-lumen tube group(group Ⅱ).One-lung ventilation was achieved with a double-lumen tube in groupⅠ. The Coopdech bronchial blocker combined with a strengthened single-lumen tube was used for airway management and the Coopdech bronchial blocker was used for lung isolation when one-lung ventilation was required in group Ⅱ. The fiberoptic bronchoscope was used to assist endotracheal tube positioning in both groups. The intubation time, positioning time, the number of patients required for tube displacement, the number of fiberoptic bronchoscopy, increase in airway peak pressure, degree of lung collapse, postoperative sore throat and hoarseness, and the number of patients needing ventilator-assisted ventilation were recorded. Results The intubation time was significantly shorter, the number of patients required for tube displacement was significantly smaller,and the rate of increase in airway peak pressure and incidences ofpostoperative sore throat and hoarseness were significantly lower in group Ⅱ than in group Ⅰ (P＜0.05 or0.01). Conclusion The efficacy of the Coopdech bronchial blocker combined with a strengthened single-lumen tube for airway management is better in patients undergoing upper mediastinal tumor resection than the double-lumen tube.

Objective To investigate the reconstructive effect and method on breast deformation after polyacrylamide hydrogel injection for breast augmentation.Methods Sixty patients underwent B type ultrasonic and MRI examination for confirmation of breast deformation after removal of polyacrylamide hydrogel injection and clear distribution level of the injection material and surrounding tissue infiltration.According to skin elasticity,breast subcutaneous layer,glandular layer and pectoral muscle layer,then placed in the suction apparatus with injection of normal saline and completely sucked out and clear the injection material.Based on the wishes of patients and tissue damage,divided into Ⅰ or Ⅱ prostheses implanted and provided appropriate treatment Results Within 3 months to 3 years visiting,breast shape was good.Prosthesis had no herniation,without infection.Bilateral breasts were symmetry without capsular contracture.Conclusions Reconstruction of breast deformation after polyacrylamide hydrogel injection for breast augmentation can improve breast shape and achieve satisfactory effects.

Objective To observe the influence of highflux hemodialysis(HFD)on homocysteine(Hcy) level and major cardiovascular events of maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Methods Patients eligible for inclusion were randomly divided into HFD group and low flux hemodialysis(HD)group with 30 cases in each group. Patient′s serum homocysteine (Hcy),major cardiovascular events and various clinical indicators were observed for 12 months then the data were analyzed. Results Hcy baseline levels in 2 groups(21.02 ± 11.79 mmol/L vs. 19.86 ± 6.97 mmol/L)indicated no significant difference(P = 0.162)before hemodialysis but Hcy levels had significant difference(20.29 ± 11.45 mmol/L vs. 24.57 ± 13.23 mmol/L),(P=0.045)after 12-month observation. There was lower incidence of major cardiovascular events in HFD when compared to that in HD group (10.0% vs. 33.3%) which showed significantly statistical difference (P=0.034),and there was no mortality in HFD group but 1 case of death in HD group. All-cause mortality in 2 groups showed no significant difference (P > 0.05). Conclusion Long-term HFD treatment significantly reduces Hcy levels and the incidence of major cardiovascular events of MHD patients

0.05).In Pf group,the levels of plasma TNF-?,IL-6 and IL-8 at 1 h after skin incision and the end of surgery were higher than those before anesthesia and those in Kt group(P0.05).The plasma IL-10 level in Pf group was increased obviously compared with before anesthesia(P

Objective To observe the expression of Cathepsin S in the human abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and angiotensin Ⅱ(AngⅡ) perfusion induced AAA lesions in apolipoprotein E-deficient(ApoE-/-) mice.Methods AAA specimens of clinical diagnosis patients(AAA group) and the normal blood vessels(control group)were collected.The AAA model was established by infused Ang Ⅱ 1 000ng · kg-1 · d-1 to ApoE-/-mice.Elastic fibersfracture was observed by elastic fiber staining and Cathepsin S expression by immunohistochemistry.Results The elastic fiber staining revealed that the elastic fibers fracture of the human and mouse AAA group increased significantly (P ＜ 0.05) ; Cathepsin S expression significantly increased in the human and mouse AAA group than the control group by immunohistochemistry(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Cathepsin S is activated in human and murine AAA lesions and may be involved in the pathogenesis of AAA.

Objective The study was designed to compare the ultrasound-guided technique for the cannulation of subclavian vein with the traditional technique using anatomic landmarks.Methods One hundred and twenty ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients undergoing cannulation of subclavian vein before gastrp-intestinal tumor resection were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=60 each) according to the technique used for cannulation:ultrasound-guided group (group US) and anatomic landmark group (group AL).The puncture time,successful puncture and complications were recorded.Resulls The success rate was 100% in group US;while the cannulation failed in one patient in group AL.The rate of successful puncture at 1st attempt was 100% in group US but ouly 90% in group AL.The cannulation time was significantly shorter in group US than in group AL.The incidence of accidental puncture of subclavian artery,hematoma and pneumothorax was significantly higher in group AL than in group US.Conclusion The ultrasound-guided catheterization of the subclavian vein is superior to the landmark technique.

Objective To compare the effects of different medications of fentanyl during anesthesia induction on fentanyl-induced cough.Methods Four hundred and twenty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients aged 18-60 yr undergoing selective operations under general anesthesia,were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n =105 each):group Ⅰ (control group) received successive intravenous injection of midazolam 0.05 mg/kg,fentanyl 2 μg/kg,propofol 2 mg/kg,and rocuronium 1 mg/kg,group Ⅱ (pre-injection group) received successive intravenous injection of midazolam0.05 mg/kg,fentanyl 0.5 μg/kg,propofol 2 mg/kg,rocuronium 1 mg/kg,and fentanyl 1.5 μg/kg,group Ⅲ (dilution group) received successive intravenous injection of midazolam 0.05 mg/kg,fentanyl 2 μg/kg (20 μg/ml),propofol 2 mg/kg,and rocuronium 1 mg/kg,and group Ⅳ (last injection group) received successive intravenous injection of midazolam 0.05 mg/kg,propofol 2 mg/kg,rocuronium 1 mg/kg,and fentanyl 2 μg/kg.Fentanyl concentration was 50 μg/ml in each group except group Ⅲ.Endotracheal intubation was performed 2 min after anesthesia induction.The incidence and severity of fentanyl-induced cough before intubation were recorded and the incidence of propofol-induced pain was recorded.Invasive arterial blood pressure (ABP) and heart rate (HR) were observed before induction (T1 ),immediately after induction (T2 ),at time of coughing (T3 ),and at time of endotracheal intubation (T4).Results ABP and HR had no significant differences at T1,T2,T3,and T4between the four groups (P ＞ 0.05).The incidence of propofol-induced pain had no significant differences between the four groups (P ＞ 0.05).The incidences of cough was 7.6％ in group Ⅱ,9.5％ in group Ⅲ,and 1.9％ in group Ⅳ,which were significantly lower than 35.2％ in group Ⅰ ( P ＜ 0.01).The incidence of cough in group Ⅳ was significantly lower than that in groups [ and Ⅲ (P ＜ 0.05).In the four groups,ABP and HR were significantly higher at T3 than that at T1 and T2 ( P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusion Different medications of fentanyl including last injection,pre-injection,and dilution of fentanyl can significantly reduce the incidence of fentanyl-induced cough during anesthesia induction,and injection has the best effect.

OBJECTIVE: To report the current situation of dialysis and transplantation in Foshan City. METHODS: A total of 18 hospitals performed dialysis filled the registration forms, which comprised situations of hospital, staff establishment, blood purification developing, blood purification equipments, hemodialysis patients, peritoneal dialysis patients, and acute renal failure patients. The registration time was form the beginning to ending of 2007, and the information was statistical analyzed.RESULTS: Totally 18 hospitals in Foshan district performed hemodialysis and 6 of them offered peritoneal dialysis simultaneously. There were 155 hemodialysis machines, 6 CRRT machines, and 15 dialyser reuse devices. Totally 1 718 patients received dialysis in 2007 year, including 93.60% hemodialysis patients and 6.40% peritoneal dialysis patients. Until the end of 2007, 1011 patients were received dialysis treatment, including 90.60% hemodialysis and 9.40% peritoneal dialysis. Glomerulonephritis (47.1%) was still the first primary disease of dialysis, then diabetic nephropathy (28%), third arteriosclerosis nephropathy (9.7%), fourth obstructive nephropathy (3.2%). Totally 743 hemodialysis patients stopped treating for reasons of death, improvement or recovery, changed to peritoneal dialysis, kidney transplantation, transfer, economics and lost follow-up, accounted for 20.3%, 20.1%, 7.2%, 4.1%, 21.5%, 20.2% and 6.6%, respectively. Cerebrovascular disease, cardiovascular disease, infection, dystrophy, synthetic factors and other were the main reasons for death, which accounted for 16.6%, 28%, 17.2%, 3.2%, 18.4% and 16.6%. A total of 16 patients stopped peritoneal dialysis for death (68.7%), improvement or recovery (18.7%), changed to hemodialysis (7.1%), or lost follow-up (6.3%). The causes of death were cerebrovascular disease (21.4%), cardiovascular disease (7.1%), infection (28.6%) and others (42.9%).CONCLUSION: There are 18 hospitals can perform dialysis treatment in Foshan district. Glomerulonephritis, diabetic nephropathy, arteriosclerosis nephropathy and obstructive nephropathy are the first four primary diseases of dialysis. Cerebrovascular disease and infection are the main causes of death.