Objective　 To investigate aetiology of alopecia seborrhoeica. Methods　Immunocytochemical localization of androqenic receptor(AR) was performed in the skin with baldness, and serum Fe,Cu,Zn,SOD and MDA detected, together with an interrogation. Results　 Expression of androgenic receptor in alopecia was higher than that in normal controls.There was no correlation between the positive expression of AR and familial history. No expression of AR was found in about 35 % of the patrents.More than two factors involved in the pathogenesis of alopecia seborrhoeia.. Conclusion 　Alopecia seborrhoeica is a disease entity related to multple pathogenic factors.

BACKGROUND:To inhibit the expressions of prothrombin activator inhibitor 1 and tissue plasminogen activator is one potential target for the treatment of cerebral infarction. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the expressions of serum inflammatory cytokines in rats with cerebral infarction undergoing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation combined with edaravone. METHODS:Sixty Sprague-Dawley rats were enrol ed to prepare models of focal cerebral infarction by middle cerebral artery occlusion, and were randomly divided into four groups. Rats were given intravenous injection of PBS via tail veins for 5 consecutive days as model group, rats were subjected to intravenous injection of 2.0×109/L bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel suspension (1 mL) via tail veins, twice daily for 5 days as stem cel transplantation group, and those were given intravenous injection of 30 mg edaravone combined with intravenous injection of 2.0×109/L bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel suspension (1 mL) via tail veins for 5 days, twice daily, as combined group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the model group, modified neurologic severity scores were lower, expressions of serum prothrombin activator inhibitor 1 and tumor necrosis factor-αmRNA in the brain decreased, and the infarct area reduced in the stem cel transplantation and combined groups. And the changed levels of above indicators in the combined group were significantly larger than those of the stem cel transplantation group. In conclusion, combination of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation with edaravone can promote neural function recovery after cerebral infarction.

BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) has the ability to enhance cel proliferation, maintain telomere length, prolonged cel life cultured in vitro. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of hTERT gene-modified bone marrow mesechymal stem cel transplantation on neural function recovery of rats with cerebral infarction. METHODS:Rat models of middle cerebral artery occlusion were established and randomized into model group, cel transplantation group and hTERT-modified cel transplantation group, with 20 rats in each group. Rats in the three groups were respectively injected via tail vein with 1 mL PBS, passage 9 bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel suspension (2.5×107/L) and hTERT-modified passage 9 bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel suspension (2.5×107/L), respectively. Modified neurological severity scores were determined before and after transplantation; RT-PCR and western blot assay were used to measure hTERT expression at gene and protein levels; TUNEL method was adopted to detect cel apoptosis in the brain. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:hTERT-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels had prolonged cel cycle, and with the increase in passage number, the cels showed good growth with no changes in morphology. The expressions of hTERT mRNA and protein were superior in the hTERT-modified cel transplantation group than the cel transplantation group, and there was a significant difference (P < 0.05). Modified neurological severity scores and number of apoptotic cels were decreased significantly in the hTERT-modified cel transplantation group compared with the other two groups (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that hTERT-modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels can promote neural functional recovery of rats with cerebral infarction.

BACKGROUND:Numerous clinical studies have confirmed that the microenvironment at a spinal cord injury site can be obviously improved through hyperbaric oxygen therapy; however, what effect does hyperbaric oxygen have on the microenvironment of the injured brain? OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on nerve regeneration microenvironment and the recovery of rat nerve function after focal cerebral infarction. METHODS:Rat models of focal cerebral infarction were established by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery and subjected to hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Sham group and model group were established as comparison. In the sham group, rat models of focal cerebral infarction were established but did not receive any treatment. Rats in the model group were placed in a hyperbaric oxygen therapy chamber but the pressure and oxygen concentration were not administered. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the model group, the score of rat limb function at 16 days after treatment and the expression of growth associated protein 43 in the rat cerebral infarcted area at postoperative 14 days were significantly increased , but infarct volume at postoperative 24 hours was al significantly decreased in the hyperbaric oxygen therapy group (alP < 0.05). These results confirmed that hyperbaric oxygen therapy can improve nerve regeneration microenvironment and promote the recovery of rat nerve function after focal cerebral infarction.

Objective To analyze systematically the existing classification criteria and assessment tools for osteoarthritis (OA).Methods Comprehensively searched and screened the available classification criteria and assessment tools reported in OA guidelines,textbooks,including secondary and original researchs.We collected and summarized the extracted data with the methods of scoping review and also used Excel software for qualitative analysis.Results A total of 63 OA guidelines,1 textbook,239 secondary or original researches,160 supplementary records were retrieved.The 5 classification criteria and 15 systematic reviews of assessment tools (855 assessment tools) were finally included.Conclusion The existing classification criteria lack a rigorous and transparent development process,and they are also too complicate to guide clinical treatment.We suggest that the development and improvement of OA classification criteria should be linked with the streamlined assessment tools,and conduct trials to test in clinical practice.

OBJECTIVE:To explore an effective method to formulate management-related strategies for off-lable use of drugs by the evidence-based medicine. METHODS:The process of guideline formulation included seven procedures,i.g. establishment ofguideliesformulation workgroup;investigation and selection of the status quo on off-label drug use;identification of the clinical problems;retrieval and evaluation and comprehensing of evidence;applification of GRADE in evidence quality grading;formation of the recommendations consensus;peer review and result publication. And eventually guidelines were formed based on the steps. This study took off-label use of rheumatoid immunoprotective subjects as a case to explore. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:Based on the evidence evaluation system and above 7 steps,the methods and process of guideline formulation on off-label use of rheuma-toid immunoprotective subjects that integrated administration,law,clinical medicine,pharmacy subjects were made .The process of guideline formulation fully reflects multidisciplinary characteristics of the workgroup,the advanced nature of the process,the comprehensiveness of evidence ,the rigor of evidence quality grading,and the normalization of consensus. It provides reference in methodology for establishing a comprehensive evidence-based evaluation and management system of off-label use of drugs for all clinical specialist disease. Therefore,this scientific research results may promote the standardization and legalization of the off-label use of drugs management in China.

In order to further standardize the diagnosis and treatment of atopic dermatitis by health-care professionals, as well as to enhance the awareness of atopic dermatitis among patients and promote doctor-patient communication, Chinese Society of Dermatology and China Dermatologist Association jointly initiated the development of guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of atopic dermatitis (specialist version, general practitioner version and patient version). The development working group had planned the development process of the 3 versions of guidelines with reference to relevant development manuals and methodological articles. It is also intended to expound the details of registration, working group establishment, clinical question collection, evidence search and grading, recommendation formation and consensus through this protocol, aiming to enhance the transparency of guideline development.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to develop a comprehensive instrument for evaluating and ranking clinical practice guidelines, named Scientific, Transparent and Applicable Rankings tool (STAR), and test its reliability, validity, and usability. METHODS: This study set up a multidisciplinary working group including guideline methodologists, statisticians, journal editors, clinicians, and other experts. Scoping review, Delphi methods, and hierarchical analysis were used to develop the STAR tool. We evaluated the instrument's intrinsic and interrater reliability, content and criterion validity, and usability. RESULTS: STAR contained 39 items grouped into 11 domains. The mean intrinsic reliability of the domains, indicated by Cronbach's α coefficient, was 0.588 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.414, 0.762). Interrater reliability as assessed with Cohen's kappa coefficient was 0.774 (95% CI: 0.740, 0.807) for methodological evaluators and 0.618 (95% CI: 0.587, 0.648) for clinical evaluators. The overall content validity index was 0.905. Pearson's r correlation for criterion validity was 0.885 (95% CI: 0.804, 0.932). The mean usability score of the items was 4.6 and the median time spent to evaluate each guideline was 20 min. CONCLUSION The instrument performed well in terms of reliability, validity, and efficiency, and can be used for comprehensively evaluating and ranking guidelines.
Reproducibility of Results ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Practice Guidelines as Topic ; Humans