After a description of the differences between formative evaluation and summative evaluation, the appli-cation of formative evaluation in literature retrieval course evaluation in medical colleges and universities was elabo-rated by analyzing the current situation of literature retrieval course and its evaluation in medical colleges and uni-versities with Xinjiang Medical University as an example, which showed that the principles should be followed when formative evaluation is applied in literature retrieval course evaluation.The problems related with the application of formative evaluation in literature retrieval course evaluation were pointed out.

Objective To evaluate the effect of therapeutic communication on perioperative anxiety of cancer patients by using the Meta-analysis.Methods The randomized controlled studies of therapeutic communication for perioperative anxiety of cancer patients were gathered from Pubmed,Embase,Cochrane Library,China Biology Medicine Disc (CBM),China Scientific Journal Database by VIP (CSJD),China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Wangfang Data,while other relative researches were also searched by hand.According to inclusion and exclusion criteria articles were evaluated by two reviewers independently.The studies were assessed according to the Juni assessment.RevMan 5.2 was used for statistical analysis.Results Seven studies with 506 patients were included,of which therapeutic intervention group contained 256 patients,the control group included 250 patients.Meta-analysis showed that compared with the control group,therapeutic communication system could reduce perioperative anxiety of cancer patients [MD=-8.00,95％CI (-8.91--7.10),P ＜0.01],improve positive perioperative coping of patients [MD=5.50,95％CI(4.05-6.95),P ＜ 0.01],reduce negative perioperative coping of patients [MD=-7.62,95％CI (-9.13--6.11),P ＜ 0.01],increase the satisfaction degree of patients [MD=0.55,95％CI (0.33-0.77),P ＜0.01],the differenccs were statistically significant.Conclusions Therapeutic communication can contribute to relieve perioperative anxiety of cancer patients,optimize their coping styles and improve the satisfaction degree of patients with nursing work.

Objective To explore the relationships between serum insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) level and children with tourette syndrome, and the significance of IGF-1 level for the diagnosis of tourette syndrome.Methods Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was adopted to detect the serum level of IGF-1 and S100B of 53 children patients with tourette syndrome and 53 children with physical examination.The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine the cut-off value and assess the sensitivity,specificity and diagnostic efficiency.Results The concentration of IGF-1 was significantly lower in the children with tourette syndrome group than in normal group ((41.51±4.23) μg/L vs.(69.04±5.26) μg/ L,t=29.693,P＜0.01),and the concentration of S100B was significantly higher in the children with tourette syndrome group than in normal group((129.48±9.54) ng/L vs.(81.37±8.42) ng/L,t =27.526,P＜0.01) .When 59.28 and 93.35 ng/mL ware used as cut-off value, the sensitivity, specificity and area under curve for IGF-1 in diagnosis of children with tourette syndrome were 89.6％, 96.4％ and 0.931, respectively.The sensitivity,specificity and area under curve for S100B in diagnosis of children with tourette syndrome were 94.1％, 91.3％ and 0.969, respectively.And the diagnostic efficiency of IGF-1 was similar to that of S100B.Conclusion IGF-1 may play an important role in the development of tourette syndrome.Detection of IGF-1 in the serum is helpful in the diagnosis of children with tourette syndrome.

Recent evidence has shown that neurogenesis occurs throughout adulthood, and neural stem cells reside in the adult central nervous system (CNS) in mammals. Experimental stroke in adult mammals increases neurogenesis from neural stem cells or progenitor cells located in the dentate subgranular zone and the subventricular zone lining the lateral ventricle. New neurons can migrate to the areas of damage regions and express morphological markers characteristic of died neurons. These findings bring hope for self-repair after brain injury. The author of this paper reviewed the adult neurogenesis and its regulation in vivo, and described evidence for stroke-induced neurogenesis and neuronal replacement in the adult, and discussed the future research directions about neurogenesis after stroke and other brain injuries.

Objective To investigate clinical characteristics and risk factors in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with chronic kidney disease (CKD).Methods Two hundred and two T2DM patients aged ≥60 y admitted in Tongren Hospital from August 2009 to February 2012 were enrolled in the study,including 64 cases complicated with CKD (CKD group)and 138 cases without CKD (non-CKD group).Hemoglobin (Hgb),albumin (ALB),glycated hemoglobin A1C (HbA1 c),fasting plasma glucose(FBG),postprandial glucose (PBG),serum creatinine (Scr),blood urea nitrogen (BUN),uric acid (UA),total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG),high densitylipoprotein (HDL-C),low density lipoprotein (LDL-C) were measured and ratio of urinary albumin to creatinine (UAER/CR) were calculated,ankle brachial index (ABI) and ambulatory blood pressure was examined.Results The duration of diabetes in CKD group was longer than that in non-CKD group [(13 ± 11) vs.(10 ± 7) y,t =2.35,P ＜ 0.05].Hgb and ALB in CKD group were lower than those in non-CKD group [(12.1 ± 1.7) vs.(13.3 ±1.3) g/L,(34.4±2.6) vs.(36.8 ±3.4) g/L,t=-5.73,-4.75,allP＜0.01]; UA,TG,24 h systolic blood pressure (SBP),24 h pulse pressure (PP)in CKD group were higher than those in non-CKD group [(367 ± 81) vs.(323 ± 74) μmol/L,(1.6 ± 0.9) vs.(1.3 ± 0.7) mmol/L,(133 ± 14) vs.(127±16)mmHg,(65 ±12) vs.(58 ±12)mmHg,t =3.82,2.50,2.47,3.68,all P＜0.1].The UAER/CR in CKD group and non-CKD group was 86.2 mg/g (24.6-374.8 mg/g) and 6.0 mg/g (3.6-17.8 mg/g),respectively (P ＜ 0.01) and ABI in CKD group and non-CKD group was 0.94 ± 0.18 and 1.03 ±0.18 (-2.78,P ＜0.05).There were no significant differences in FBG,PBG,HbA1c,TC,HDL-C andLDL-C between two groups(t =-2.02,1.47,1.48,-0.53,-1.20,-0.76,all P＞0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that ALB,TG and UAER/CR were the independent risk factors of CKD in T2DM patients(OR:0.79,3.63 and 1.04,95％ CI:0.62-1.01,1.45-9.01 and 1.00-1.08).Spearman correlation analysis demonstrated that eGFR was positively associated with Hgb,ALB,ABI (r =0.38,0.33 and 0.28,all P ＜ 0.01),negatively associated with age,BUN,Cr,UA,TG,UAER/CR,24 hSBP and PP in all diabetes patients(r =-0.32,-0.63,-0.89,-0.34,-0.18,-0.65,-0.16 and -0.248,all P ＜0.01).Conclusions ALB,TG,UAER/CR are the independent risk factors of chronic kidney disease in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

After the significance to asses the value of information resources in hospital library was elaborated, the methods to assess the value of information resources in hospital library were constructed by contingent valuation and investment return analysis in combination with the practical service in hospital library according to the analysis of the economic value assessment in domestic and foreign public libraries and academic libraries.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate inhibitory effects of matrine on the proliferation of human bladder cancer BIU-87 cells and its mechanism. METHODS:The cell viability was detected by MTT assay and inhibitory rate of cell proliferation was calculat-ed after human bladder cancer BIU-87 cells were treated with 0(negative control),0.5,1.0,2.0 and 4.0 mg/ml matrine for 24,48 and 72 h,respectively. After treated with 0 (negative control),0.5,1.0,2.0 and 4.0 mg/ml matrine for 48 h,the cell cycle and apoptotic rate were detected by flow cytometry;the expression of Survivin,Caspase-3 and Caspase-7 protein were detected by Western blot assay. RESULTS:Compared with negative control,the proliferation of BIU-87 cells were significantly inhibited after incubated with 1.0-4.0 mg/ml matrine for 24,48 and 72 h(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and inhibitory rate of cell proliferation increased in concentration and time-dependant manner;after treated for 48 h,the percentage of G0/G1 phase cells and apoptotic rate in-creased,while the percentage of cells at S phase and G2/M phase were decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01);the expression of Cas-pase-3 and Caspase-7 protein increased,while the expression of survivin protein decreased after incubated with 0.5-4.0 mg/ml ma-trine for 48 h. CONCLUSIONS:Matrine can inhibit the proliferation of human bladder cancer BIU-87 cells,block the cell cycle and induce apoptosis;its mechanism may be related to the expression regulation of Survivin,Caspase-3 and Caspase-7.

Objective To summarize the funding of scientific research projects on obstetrics and gynecology by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) from 2007 to 2016 and to display the hotspots of scientific research on obstetrics and gynecology. Methods A systemic search was performed for the information of projects supported by NSFC from 2007 to 2016. The indicators for analysis included the number of projects, total investment, project categories, research units and research field. The research direction of each project was decided based on title, summary and key words provided by the profile of each project. Results The total investment on obstetrics and gynecology by NSFC was 23.214 million with a total of 82 projects in 2007. It increased year by year and reached the peak in 2014 (359 projects 208.990 million). The investment and number of projects remained stable after 2014. General projects (1109 projects 608.000 million) formed the majority of projects. Youth science fund projects (1035 projects 214.976 million) increased steadily and the number was nearly equal to general projects. There were only a small amount of key projects (20 projects 54.720 million) and major projects (7 projects 38.400 million). The investment varied in different research units. The greatest 10 units (less than 6% of total), including 7 comprehensive universities, 2 medical universities and 1 institute of medicine, got 1113 projects invested (43.84% of total,1113/2539). The hot areas like gynecological tumor (920 projects 350.615 million),hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy (91 projects 37.470 million) and polycystic ovarian syndrome (77 projects 29.540 million) were more likely to receive investment, while some interdisciplinary science like maternal and child health (28 projects 12.050 million), imaging and biomedicine (37 projects 14.770 million) began to achieve attention in recent years. Conclusions The number of researches invested will be increased for the scientific research in obstetrics and gynecology especially the areas of research focus, although the amount allocated for each will be decreased relatively. Besides, multidisciplinary work will be performed so as to develop obstetrics and gynecology of China to a high level.

Objective To study the feasibility,efficacy,and safety of MRI-guided percutaneous cryoablation for the treatment of hepatic carcinoma. Methods From January to September 2008,27 cases of hepatic carcinoma were treated with MRI-guided percutaneous cryoablation with Cryo-Hit system via two cycles of freezing-thawing. During the procedure,MRI showed the expansion of ice globe wrapping the tumor. Ten days after the freezing treatment,TACE was carried out in 5 cases. Results MRI-guided percutaneous cryotherapy were completed successfully in all of the cases. In 26 patients (96.3%),expanded ice globe wrapping the tumor was detected by MRI,showing a dark zone with clear margin. Only in one patient,the tumor was wrapped. The patients were followed up for 1 to 12 months (mean,3.5 months),during which the level of AFP decreased to a normal value in 14 cases (51.9%),continued to increase in 1 cases,and increased after an reduction in 12 cases (44.4%). The patients received more than one times of re-examination by imaging,which showed completed necrotic tumor tissues or no confirmed living tumors in 14 cases (51.9%); and incomplete tumor necrosis or living tumor lesions in 13 (48.1%). No severe complications occurred in this series.Conclusions MRI-guided percutaneous cryoablation is feasible,effecitve and safety for hepatic carcinoma.

Objective To study the correlation between Candida strains and vulvovaginal candidiasis. Methods Two groups of Candida albicans strains were chosen. Strains of group A and group B were isolated from vaginal discharge of normal women and of patients with candidal vaginitis respectively. The two methods, AMS (automated microbiological detection and identification system) and amino black stain, were applied to detect two phenotypic parameters, biochemical reaction of the strains and secretory capacity of the proteinases respectively, and analogous analysis was performed then. Results There was a significant difference in the levels of adonitol (P