IL-8 is a cytokine which belongs to the chemotactic superfamily.It is one of the major mediators in the inflammatory response.In recent years,it was found that it had multiple functions,such as chemoattractant,potent angiogenic,and so on.The cytokine is believed to play an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammation,tumor progress and immune disease.In this review,the properties of IL-8 and highlight its roles on inflammation and tumor progress were surveied.

It is one of the common problems faced by many medical schools how to carry out the hidden curriculum in humanities education of medical education.This article approaches the composition and connotation of the curriculum in order to improve the relevance and effectiveness of the humanities education of medical education

Neuroendocrine cells comprise a minor subpopulation of the normal prostatic epithelium. When patients accept the androgen deprivation therapy, it will induce neuroendocrine differentiation of the prostate carcinoma cells. NE cells can provide endocrine/paracrine stimuli for proliferation of the surrounding carcinoma cells and inevitably make prostate cancer become androgen independent and no longer responsive to hormonal manipulation. In this paper, the mechanism of neuroendocrine differentiation and its relationship with androgen independent state were reviewed.

Schizophrenia is a common but complex mental disorder affected by multiple factors. Forensic psychiatric assessment of schizophrenia involves evaluations on many aspects, but there is no effective biological identification index for schizophrenia. Researches indicate that dysfunction of dopaminergic neurotransmission plays an important role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Our study reviews the classification, genetic structure of dopamine receptors and the recent pertinent studies between the dopamine receptors and schizophrenia and its forensic significance.

OCT angiography (OCTA) is a non-invasive imaging technique for detecting blood flow information of the retina and choroid.Dye injection is not needed with OCTA,which is different from fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA).OCTA is able to observe blood flow in different retinal and choroidal segmentation slab.This revolutionary breakthrough in OCTA algorithm provides more and more accurate blood flow informations in the diagnosis of ocular vessel diseases and the study on pathogenesis of some vessel-related eye diseases.However,like other biometric technology,OCTA has its limitations and shortcomings,for example,OCTA presents a smaller observational area than FFA and ICGA,and some factors affect the imaging quality and cause misdiagnosis during the examination and reading image.Fully understanding the principle of OCTA and its image features are helpful for eye doctors to better interpret the blood flow changes of retinal diseases,choroidal diseases,glaucoma and neuro-ophthalmic diseases.Ophthalmologists should correctly apply this imaging tool for a better monitoring and following up of these diseases.

Objective To investigate the Clinical Value of Combined Determination of Serum cystatin C and Retinol-binding protein in diabetic nephropathy.Methods Immunoturbidimetry was employed to analyze Cystatin C(Cys C)and Retinol-binding protein;(RBP) from 94 cases of diabetic patients and 110 healthy control group .and we also detected thevalue of serum creatinine (Scr),urinary creatinine (Ucr),and calculated creatinine clearance rate (Ccr),compared the correlation of Cys C,RBP with Ccr,Scr.Results The contents of serum Cys C,RBP in the group of diabetic nephropathy were significant higher than that in healthy controllers(P<0.01),and Cys C,RBP were significantly negative correlation with Ccr.Conclusion The sensitivity and accuracy of the combined determination of serum Cys C,RBP in diabetic nephropathy are improved and might provide valuable proof for early diagnostic in diabetic nephropathy.

BACKGROUND: It is controversial whether bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can retain in cardiac injured position, or differentiate into cardiomyocytes or not. OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of recombinant human growth hormone and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) intravenous transplantation on myocardium and angiogenesis in rats with congestive cardiomyopathy. METHODS: BMSCs were collected from rats by density gradient centrifugation and adhesive-screening method. Models of cardiac failure were established using adriamycin induction in the model, cell transplantation, growth hormone and combination groups. Following model establishment, cell transplantation group received BrdU-labeled BMSCs (8×10~(13)/L) via vein. Growth hormone group underwent subcutaneous injection of human growth hormone 2 U/kg per day, for 14 consecutive days. Combination group received injection of human growth hormone and BMSC transplantation. At week 4, samples were collected. Immunohistochemical staining for BrdU+MHC and BrdU+Actin was used to determine homing of BMSCs to evaluate the differentiation of transplanted cells into cardiomyocytes and vascular endothelia cells. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was utilized to detect vascular density. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the cell transplantation group, positive rate of Brdu immunohistochemistry was increased in the combination group (P < 0.001). The number of cardiomyocytes and vascular endothelia cells was significantly increased following Brdu+MHC and Brdu+Actin staining (P < 0.001). Compared with the model group, total vascular density, microvessel density and capillary density were significantly increased in the growth hormone, cell transplantation and combination groups (P < 0.001). No significant difference was determined among growth hormone, cell transplantation and combination groups (P > 0.05). Intravenous transplantation of BMSCs could repair cardiomyocytes and vascular endothelial cells by homing into the heart. BMSCs could survive in damaged area and differentiate into cardiomyocytes or vascular endothelial cells and increase the vascular density significantly. Growth hormone could improve microenvironment and raise rates of differentiating into cardiomyocytes or vascular endothelial cells.

Objective To evaluate the effect of age on pharmacodynamics of eisatracurium target-controlled infusion(TCI). Methods Forty patients under N_2O-O_2-propofol-fentanyl anesthesia were divided into groups of Ⅰ and Ⅱ with 20 cases each. Under TOF stimulation monitoring, eisatracurium 0. 15 mg/kg was injected and tracheal intubation was performed when TOFr being zero. and the intubation conditions were evaluated. When T1 restored to 50% cisatracurium TCI started to keep TOFr less than 10%. The recovery times of neuromuscular blockade were recorded after stopping infusion. The amount of cisatracurium consumption was calculated. Results Intubation conditions the onset time and recovery index were not significantly different between two groups. The nonresponse period, duration of action, and recovery time were longer in group Ⅰ than those in group B. Cisatracurium consumption was more in group Ⅰ than that in group Ⅱ (P<0.05). Conclusion By TCI,cisatracurium dosage needed for keeping TOFr less than 10% is less,but the recovery process is still longer in the elderly than those in the younger.

Suture was a traditional method for tissue repair. However, sutures used in the closure of surgical wounds can induce inflammation and lead to scarring that appears as crosshatch marks. Threads used for sutures may cause immune response and surgical infection. In this review, we introduce a novel sutureless technique for wound repair, called photochemical tissue bonding (PTB). Absorption of visible light by a photosensitizing dye initiates photochemical reactions leading to covalent protein-protein crosslinks that bridge the wound surfaces, thus producing an immediate seal between the wound surfaces. This technique has been applied in various tissues including skin, cornea, nerve, blood vessels, et al. PTB reduces inflammation resulting in less scarring in skin. PTB dramatically improves the incidences of vascular anastomotic leakage and stricture. In addition, PTB enhances the recovery of nerve function after nerve repair.