In the past few years, people have a new understanding of the mechanism of Epigenetic disease. Epigenetic modification processes involved in human disease include DNA methylation, histone acetylation and methylation, RNA-associated silencing.Epigenetic modification related with cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, transformation and tumor progression-related gene transcription. There has been a long time that the gene mutations involved in tumor formation. In recent years.more and more evidences that genetic and epigenetic modifications leading to the formation of tumors. Epigenetic modifications has also play a very important role in the formation of tumors. This article discussed the DNA methylation.histone post-translational modification anomalies and small interference RNA impact on the formation of leukemia. It provides new prospects for the treatment of leukemia.

Manganese-enhanced MRI (MEMRI) optic nerve tracing in vivo is a technology which can reflect the axonal transport status and visual pathway connection by utilizing divalent manganese ion's transportability in axons and its characteristics of paramagnetism,and such potential optic nerve tract-tracing technique has been widely used in ophthalmologic research.Mn2+ enters the neurons through the voltage-gating Ca2+ channel and is transported by microtubule system which is not depended on cellular electric activity.However,the trans-synaptic transport of Mn2+ relies on membrane potential.Taking advantages of MEMRI,optic nerve injury-related research could be implemented.Mn2+ is an intracellular contrast agent with metal toxicity,so low dose,fractionated,targeted delivery of Mn2+ is recommended to alleviate the adverse effects of Mn2+.Herein,the mechanism of divalent manganese ion optic nerve tracing,application of MEMRI in ophthalmologic research field,drug delivery approach of divalent Mn2+ and its toxicity were summarized.

Objective To investigate clinical effect of kidney essence granule on DNA intergrity in patients with idiopathic weak sperm.Methods 110 cases of idiopathic weak sperm disease in outpatient service of male infertility were selected, and divided into 3 groups using random number table method, treatment group (n=40) treated with strong kidney essence granule and control group (n=40) by Wuzi Yanzong pill treatment, blank control group (n =30) given placebo treatment.Semen parameters and sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) differences were compared within groups. Results The efficacy of treatment group was significantly higher than control group and blank control group, and control group was significantly higher than blank control group, the differences were all statistically significant (P<0.05).There was no significant difference among the 3 groups of patients within semen volume, liquefaction time, a,(a+b),(a+b+c) grade sperm percentage, seminal plasma fructose and acid phosphatase level pre-and post-treatment.Pre-treatment, sperm density, sperm abnormality rate, α-glycosides and DFI were not significantly different among the 3 groups.Post-treatment, sperm density in treatment group was significantly higher than that in control group, and sperm deformity rate and DFI were significantly lower than that in control group, and that in control group was significantly lower than that in blank control group (P <0.05) .Pearson correlation analysis showed that the sperm density was negatively correlated with DFI(r=-0.354), and the sperm deformity rate was positively correlated with DFI(r=0.324).Conclusion The main reason for abnormal DNA integrity are renal dysfunction, and kidney essence granule can be used as an effective medicine to improve the integrity of sperm DNA.

Bacterial cellulose,as a new material,due to its unique nano-fiber mesh structure with good purity,physical and chemical properties such as mechanical strength and water holding capacity,biocompatibility and adaptability,has been widely used in medicine,food,paper,textile,acoustical materials and other industries.In medical field,especially,it has been rapidly developed in recent years.This review discusses the current bacterial cellulose and its performance optimization products which relates to the medical applications.

[Objective]To review the effect of treatment in chronic kidney disease and its preparation of Cordyceps sinensis. [Methods] By searching and reading the literature, to study the therapeutic effects of Cordyceps sinensis and its preparation on chronic kidney disease.[Results] Cordyceps and its prepa-ration could significantly decrease the proteinuria in patients with chronic kidney disease, serum creatinine level, significant improvement in renal fibrosis, and delay the progression of renal function. [Conclusion] Cordyceps and its preparation have obvious curative effect on chronic kidney disease.

Objective To explore the TCM syndrome of IgAN, and formulate standard scheme on differentiation of symptoms and sings. Methods Adopted epidemiological investigation of TCM syndrome, and analyzed the relativity of clinic and pathology with the TCM syndrome. Results Two schemes of TCM showed that the qiyinliangxu syndrome was primary pattern of IgAN. The TCM syndrome showed changes of single syndrome (qiyinliangxu) → bideminy syndrome (qiyinliangxu accompanied shenluoyubi or fengshineirao)→ trigeminy syndrome (qiyinliangxu accompanied shenluoyubi and fengshineirao) with the aggravation of IgAN.Conclusions The New Scheme was more predominant in differentiation of symptoms and sings than The Old Scheme, and The New Scheme was more easy to operat and master. It was worthy to spread and utilize The New Scheme in clinic.

[Objective] To evaluate and describe CT findings in patients with pathologically confirmed retroperitoneal fibrosis. [Methods] CT findings in 8 patients (6 males, 2 females) pathologically confirmed retroperitoneal fibrosis were retrospectively reviewed and pertinent literature was discussed. [Results] Retroperitoneal fibrosis showed similar features in CT imaging: retroperitoneal irregular mass around abdominal aorta embedding adjacent tissue, with mild or moderate enhancement, unilateral or bibateral ureterectasis with hydronephrosis. [Conclusions] The pristine clinical manifestation of retroperitoneal fibrosis is occult and nonspecific. CT examination is a valuable approach to diagnose retroperitoneal fibrosis.

[Objective] To evaluate the effect of Tiepi Fengdou Granule(TFG) as adjuvant treatment in cancer patients during chemotherapy.[Methods] Twenty patients were treated with TFG,and then we added up integral calculus of Yin Deficiency symptoms,tested blood routine,hepatic and renal function and subgroup of T-cell and NK cell.[Results] The Yin Deficiency symptoms of 7 cases(35%) were improved significantly,and 13 cases were partly improved(65%).Each integral calculus of Yin Deficiency symptoms was descended.The tested blood routine,hepatic function and subgroup of T-cell and NK cell were changed significantly.[Conclusions] TFG could control the symptoms of Yin Deficiency and improve immune function for cancer chemotherapy patients.

CYP2A6 is an important drug metabolic enzyme that plays a central role in pharmacology and toxicology.Coumarin and nicodine are mainly metabolized by it.CYP2A6 also have a close connection with diseases that related to smoking.While hnRNP A1 is a protein that shows an important regulative action on some specific genes at post-transcription level.Recently,researchers are paying more and more attention to the relationship between the activity of CYP2A6 and the expression of hnRNPA1.In order to master the change rule of CYP2A6 activity,we try to explain the regulative effect on CYP2A6 by hnRNP A1 at post-transcription level,which will bring an important effect on guiding clinical medicine treatments and smoking addictive therapy.

Objective To investigate the effect of Tetramethyl Pyrazine(TMP) for treating cerebral infarct by observing infarct areas,and to research its function mechanism by observing the changes of the expressions of ED1,TNF-? and IL-1? in the infarction region after focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury.Methods Sixty SD male rats in healthy condition were randomly and averagely divided into normal group,model group and TMP high,middle and low dose group.The cerebral infarct animal model was reproduced by modified thread-tie method.TMP high dose group was administered TMP 140 mg/kg,middle dose group was 120 mg/kg and low dose group was 100 mg/kg by intravenous.Then all the rats were killed.Thirty rats were taken to evaluate whether TMP can decrease the ratio of cerebral infarction areas in the TTC-reacting and formalin fixation brain tissue slices taken from the above-mentioned killed rats,with Pathology Image Analysis System.The masculine of ED1,IL-1? and TNF-? in the immuno-reacting cells in cerebral infarction brain tissue slice taken from other thirty killed rats were observed.Results TMP groups decreased the ratio of cerebral infarction areas,and also decreased ED1,TNF-? and IL-1? in immuno-reacting cell.Conclusion TMP can decrease the formation of cerebral infarction caused by cerebral ischemia reperfusion and its effect is possibly related to the activation of microglia,as well as the immuno-positive expressions of TNF-? and IL-1?.