Objective To compare the clinical effects of low-temperature plasma ablation combined with adenoidectomy and decolle-ment in the treatment for patients with sleep apnea syndrome.Methods Totally 68 patients with sleep apnea syndrome who underwent elec-tive surgical treatment in our hospital from June 2013 to February 2015 were selected as the study objects.According to the order of treat-ment,the patients were randomly divided into the control group and the observation group,with 34 cases in each group.The control group were treated by routine decollement.The observation group were treated by low-temperature plasma ablation combined with adenoidectomy.After operation,the 2 groups were followed up for 6 months.The improvement effects of different operative methods in clinical symptoms and prog-nosis of patients with sleep apnea syndrome were compared.Results The total effective rate in the observation group (97.06%)was higher than that in the control group (82.35%),and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05).The postoperative VAS pain grading of the observation group was relatively lower.The normal proportion (50.00%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (11.76%).Patients with moderate and severe pain in the control group accounted for 44.12% and 14.71% respectively,which were signif-icantly higher than those in the observation group(P <0.05).The incidence of postoperative bleeding in the observation group(2.94%)was significantly lower than that in the control group while the incidence of fever was higher than that in the control group (P <0.05).After oper-ation and at the end of the follow-up,OSA-18 score of the observation group decreased significantly and were (46.66 ±7.87)and (33.47 ± 10.59)respectively.The decreased range was greater than those in the control group (P <0.05).Conclusion To adopt low-temperature plasma radiofrequency ablation combined with adenoidectomy in the treatment of patients with sleep apnea syndrome can improve the surgical treatment effect,reduce postoperative pain,reduce the incidence of postoperative bleeding,optimize patients’quality of life and improve the prognosis.

Objective:To explore the pathogenesis of abnormal behavior in children with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome(OSAHS).Method:The behavioral problems and C-reactive protein were measured in 40 children with OSAHS and 30 children with habitual snoring who underwent overnight Polysomnography,40 cases of healthy children for the control group.Result:The ratio of abnormal behavior in OSAHS and abitual snoring children was significantly higher than that of the healthy control group,while no significant difference between the two groups.The content of C-reactive protein in OSAHS children(4.24 mg/L)was significantly higher than habitual snoring(2.76mg/L)and healthy control group(1.27mg/L);in habitual snoring children C-reactive protein was higher than in healthy control group.The content of serum C-reactive protein in OSAHS children accompanied by abnormal behavior(4.63 mg/L)was significantly higher than that without abnormal behavior(3.23 mg/L).The content of serum C-reactive protein content in habitual snoring children accompanied y abnormal behavior (3.63 mg/L)was significantly higher than that without abnormal behavior(1.76 mg/L).Conclusion:OSAHS and habitual snoring children have more behavior problems.C-reactive protein levels are higher in children with OSAHS and habitual snoring.and the levels of C-reactive protein are related to the abnormal ehavior in these children.

Objective To study the influence of ion concentration change out of cells on calcium transportation and the relationship between the rising of calcium concentration in the Caco-2 cells and its apoptosis to offer the theoretical and experimental bases for clinical study and digestive tract physiology and patholoogy. Methods Confocal laser scanning microscope(CLSM) and flow cytometry(FCM) were used in this study. Results (1) Diversion of Ca 2+ into cells was increased with the decrease of Fe 3+ concentration out of Caco-2 cells(the final consistence of DFO was 100-300??mol/L),but was hindered with the increase of Fe 3+ concentration out of them(the final consistence fo FAC was 10-100??mol/L) as observed under CLSM; (2) The cell state was fine and its viability was more than 90% as observed under CLSM after treated by A 23187 and Fluo-3/AM(examined with FDA);(3) The Ca 2+ concentration in the Caco-2 cells was increased by A 23187 and this function was dose depended.The Caco-2 cell apoptosis was induced by the increase of Ca 2+ in cells,which was examined with FCM.Conclusion The Ca 2+ transportation was increased with the decrease of Fe 3+ concentration out of Caco-2 cells but was hindered with the increase of Fe 2+ concentration out of them.The Caco-2 cell apoptosis was induced by the increase of Ca 2+ concentration in them.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of pure adenoidectomy,adenoidectomy with partial tonsillectomy,and adenoidectomy with total tonsillectomy on humoral and cellular immunity of children with OSAHS. METHOD: The children with OSAHS diagnosed by polysomnography were divided into pure adenoidectomy group(group A),adenoidectomy with partial tonsillectomy group(group B), and adenoidectomy with total tonsillectomy(group C), and there were 50 cases in each group. The serum IgG, IgA, IgM level and peripheral blood T cell subgroup per-centage were detected at 6 months preoperatively and postoperatively. Tonsil grading and polysomnography wereconducted, recording symptoms improvement situation at postoperative 6 months. RESULT: There was no statisticallysignificant difference compared with preoperative(P>0. 05) in humoral immunity and cellular immunity index ofpostoperative 6 months. There was no significani difference(P>C. 05) in curative effect among three groups in the 6th month post-operatively. CONCLUSION All of these three surgical procedures had no obvious effect on humoral orcellular immune function in children, and could effectively treat children OSAHS.
Adenoidectomy ; Antibodies ; blood ; Child ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular ; Immunity, Humoral ; Palatine Tonsil ; pathology ; Polysomnography ; Postoperative Period ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; immunology ; surgery ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; cytology ; Tonsillectomy

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of different pattens of intermittent hypoxia on the activity and apoptosis of primary cultured rat embryonic cortical neurons, and to evaluate the role of intermittent hypoxia in the mechanism of obstructive sleep syndrom induced cognitive function loss. METHOD: The embryonic cerebral cortical neurons were cultured in vitro and were identified by immunofluorescence. Cultured neurons were randomly divided into intermittent hypoxia group, intermittent normal oxygen group, persistent hypoxia group and the control group, and intermittent hypoxia group was divided into five subgroups according to different frequency and time-bound. Neurons were exposed in different modes of hypoxia. MTT colorimetry was used to detect the viability of the neurons, and DAPI colorated measurement was used to calculate the percentages of neuron apoptosis. RESULT: There were significantly different effects between all subgroups of intermittent hypoxia and the continued hypoxia group on neuronal activity and apoptosis (P < 0.01); Intermittent hypoxia groups with different frequency and time had no difference in neuronal activity and apoptosis (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION The effect of intermittent hypoxia was more serious than that of continued hypoxia on neuronal activity and apoptosis; The impact of intermittent hypoxia on neuronal activity and apoptosis may be an important factor in obstructive sleep apnea related cognitive impairment.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cell Hypoxia ; Cells, Cultured ; Cognition Disorders ; Neurons ; cytology ; Oxygen ; Rats ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive

OBJECTIVE:To investigate clinical efficacy and safety of oral loratadine combined with physiological seawater na-sal irrigation in the treatment of intermittent allergic rhinitis. METHODS:Totally 300 patients with intermittent allergic rhinitis were chosen from the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University during Jan. 2013-Jun. 2015,and then divided into group A,B,C ac-cording to lottery method,with 100 cases in each group. Group A was given Loratadine tablets 10 mg,po,qd. Group B received nasal irrigation with physiological seawater nasal spray,every morning and evening. Group C was given oral loratadine combined with physiological seawater nasal irrigation. Treatment courses of 3 groups lasted for 28 d. Clinical efficiencies of 3 groups were compared as well as symptom and sign scores,respiration function indexes and inflammatory factor levels before and after treat-ment,and the clinical recurrences were followed up for 12 months. RESULTS:The total response rates of group A,B,C were 80.00%,78.00%,96.00%,respectively,and that of group C was significantly higher than that of group A and B,with statistical significance(P<0.05). Before treatment,there was no statistical significance in symptom and sign scores,respiration function in-dexes and inflammatory factor levels among 3 groups(P>0.05). After treatment,symptom and sign scores,the rates of PEF diur-nal variation,TNF-α,INF-γ and IL-4 in 3 groups were significantly lower than before treatment,and the levels of PEF and IL-12 were significantly higher than before treatment. Above indexes of group C were significantly better than those of group A and B, with statistical significance (P<0.05). Clinical recurrence rates of group A,B,C were 21.00%,23.00%,6.00%,and group C was significantly lower than the group A and B,with statistical significance (P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in above indexes between group A and group B (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Oral loratadine combined with physiological seawater nasal irrigation in treatment of intermittent allergic rhinitis can efficiently relieve the nasal symptoms and signs,improve expiratoryfunction,reduce the inflammatory response levels and be help-ful to reduce the long-term recurrence risk.

Although DNA vaccination is now a promising strategy against hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, this approach has relatively modest antiviral effect, indicating that immunosuppressive mechanisms may occur in the long-term established infection. In this study, we studied the immunogenicity and anti-HBV efficiency of a combination of HBV surface (HBsAg) and core (HBcAg) DNA vaccine, enhanced by heat shock protein (HSP) gp96 or HSP70 and mediated by in vivo electroporation. Immunization with gp96 adjuvanted HBsAg/HBcAg DNA formulation induced potent T cell and antibody immunity against HBsAg and HBcAg. Notably, treatment with gp96 or HSP70 as adjuvant resulted in reduction of Treg populations by around 20%. Moreover, compared with nonimmunized control mice, immunization with gp96 or HSP70 adjuvanted DNA vaccine dramatically decreased serum HBsAg and viral DNA levels, and HBcAg expression in liver. These results may therefore provide an effective strategy for designing gp96-based DNA vaccine for immunotherapy of chronic HBV infection.
Adjuvants, Immunologic ; Animals ; Electroporation ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; immunology ; Hepatitis B Core Antigens ; immunology ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; immunology ; Hepatitis B Vaccines ; immunology ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; prevention & control ; Immunization ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Vaccines, DNA ; immunology

ObjectiveTo investigate the expression and clinical significance of heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1) protein in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues,and deduce the probable molecular mechanism of HSF1 in the development and advancement of HCC.MethodsSixty-seven samples of HCC tissue and 21 samples of normal liver tissue were obtained from March 2006 to March 2007 at the Xijing Hospital.The expressions of HSF1 protein and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) were detected by using immunohistochemistry.The probable molecular mechanism of HSF1 in the development and advancement of HCC was deduced according to the relationship between the expressions of HSF1 protein and HSP70.Positive rates of HSF1 protein in different tissues and the relationship between HSF1 protein expression in the HCC tissues and clinical pathological factors were analyzed by the chi-square test and by calculating Fisher exact probability,respectively.The correlation between the expressions of HSF1 protein and HSP70 in the HCC tissue was analyzed by the Spearman correlation coefficient.The survival curve was drawn by the Kaplan-Meier method,and the survival rate was analyzed by the Log-rank test.ResultsThe positive rates of HSF1 protein expression was 69％ (46/67) in the HCC tissue,which was significantly higher than 29％ (6/21) in the normal liver tissue ( x2 =10.628,P ＜ 0.05 ),The positive rates of HSP70 expression in the HCC tissue was 57％ (38/67),which was significantly higher than 24％ (5/21) in the normal liver tissue ( x2 =6.929,P ＜ 0.05 ).The expression of HSF1 protein in the HCC tissue was positively correlated with that of HSP70 (r=0.319,P ＜0.05).The high expression of HSF1 protein was correlated with the integrity of capsule of HCC,tumor differentiation and TNM stage (x2 =5.935,9.762,5.159,11.267,P＜0.05 ),while the high expression of HSF1 protein was not correlated with the gender,age,levels of hepatitis B surface antigen and alpha fetoprotein,and portal vein tumor thrombus ( x2 =0.822,0.172,2.059,P ＞0.05 ).The survival time was (21.4 ± 1.9 )months for patients with positive HSF1 protein expression and (29.8 ± 2.7 ) months for patients with negative HSF1 protein expression.There was a significant difference in the survival time between patients with positive and negative HSF1 protein expression ( x2 =4.276,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions HSF1 is correlated with the development,advancement,invasion,metastasis and malignant prognosis of HCC.HSF1 takes effects by regulating the expression of HSP70,and it has a good perspective of clinical application for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC.

AIM: To explore the role of plasma endothelin (ET) in patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI) and its change after nimodipine treatment.METHODS:Sixty-six patients with ACI were randomly divided into 2 groups according to blood pressure:hypertension ACI group 35 patients［M 20,F 15;age (65±　s　11) a］ and pure ACI group 31 patients［M 17,F 14; age (62±10) a］.Plasma ET was measured by radioimmunoassay and compared with 27 healthy individuals.Among them,42 patients（hypertension ACI group 25 patients，pure ACI group 17 patients） with ACI were given nimodipine 4 mg, iv,gtt, qd, for 2 wk and measured ET again.　RESULTS:Plasma ET in 2 groups were (144±42) ng*L-1 and (72±35) ng*L-1 respectively, and that were (94±55) ng*L-1 and (60±37) ng*L-1 respectively after treatment with nimodipine, but was still higher than that in healthy individuals (P<0.01).　CONCLUSION: The level of plasma ET was associated with blood pressure and the severity of disease. ET is closely related with ACI. Nimodipine reduces the plasma ET while nerve function default degree is effectively improved.

Objective To investigate the role of CD4 ~+ CD25~+ regulatory T lymphocytes (Treg)in modulating the cellular immune response and pathogenesis of murine pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods Inactivation of Treg was achieved by intraperitoneal injection anti-CD25 (clone PC61,50 μ/mouse) in PC61 group, and rat-IgG (50 μ/mouse) was injected intraperitoneally in control group. All the mice were inoculated intravenously with H37Rv 0. 1 mL (1 × 10~6 CFU) 3 days after Treg inactivation. The effects of Treg inactivation in different tissues were analyzed by flow cytometry. The cellular immune response, pulmonary histopathology and bacterial load were determined in vitro at different time points. The data were compared using homogeneity of variance F test and non-paired t test. Results In spleen, the percentages of Treg/CD4 T lymphocytes in PC61 group and control group were (21. 13± 3. 58)% and (30. 42± 4. 20)%, respectively at day 10 of inoculation (t = 2. 38, P < 0. 05), and those were (16. 12 ± 1. 26)% and ( 17. 34± 1. 62)%,respectively at day 30 of inoculation (t = 0. 84,P>0. 05). The percentages of Foxp3~+/CD4~+ T lymphocytes in PC61 group and control group were (32. 07 ± 3. 95)% and (60. 55 ± 5. 48)%,respectively at day 10 of inoculation (t = 5. 96, P<0. 05). Similar results were achieved in the peripheral blood. Bacillus calmette-guerin (BCG)-specific 1L-17 (ng/L) secreted by murine spleen cells in PC61 group and control group at day 10, 30 and 60 of inoculation were 5. 1± 0.9 vs 0, 43. 1± 10.0 vs5. 9± 2. 8 and 124.8 ± 5.8 vs 102. 5±8. 1, respectively (t = 7. 90, t=5. 10,t = 3. 19; all P<0.05); those of BCG-specific IFN-γ (ng/L) were 28. 4 ± 8. 2 vs 4. 0±1. 3, 685. 9± 128. 6 vs418. 7±20.4 and 310.9±119. 7 vs 32. 8±7. 5, respectively(tO = 4. 21,t = 8. 43, t = 3. 27; all P<0.05);those of TNF-a (ng/L) were 38. 6±5.0 vs 16. 3±4. 0, 112. 9 ±12. 3 vs 71. 5±12. 6 and 86. 2±8. 2vs0, respectively(t = 4. 95, t=3. 33,t/=14.8; all P<0. 05). The lung bacterial load at day 10 of inoculation in PC61 group was lower than that in control group (t = 4. 63, P < 0. 01), but the differences were not significant thereafter. The changes of lung histopathology at late stage of infection (day 120) in PC61 group were less severe than those in control group. Conclusions Murine Tregs increase dramatically after Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Treg could inhibit the specific cellular immunity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and therefore, may facilitate the persistent infection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and development of tuberculosis.