Objective To explore the inhibitory effects of sorafenib combined with cisplatin (DDP) on human hepatocellular carcinoma cells HepG2 in vitro, and the possible underlying mechanisms. Methods The HepG2 cells were divided to 4 groups as control group, sorafenib group, cisplatin group and sorafenib-cisplatin group. Sorafenib and cisplatin were used in single agent or in combination against HepG2 in vitro. The inhibitory effects of sorafenib and/or cisplatin on proliferation of HepG2 were determined by MTT assay at 24h, 48h, 72h and 96h after the addition of the drugs to HepG2 culture. Cell cycle at 24h time point and apoptosis at 48h time point were examined by flow cytometry (FCM). At 24h time point, cells were labeled by Rhodamine123 and mitochondrial transmembrane potential (??m) was determined by FCM, while caspase-3 activity was assessed by caspase-3 colorimetric assay. Results MTT assay showed that sorafenib and cisplatin, when used as a single agent or in combination, could inhibit the growth of HepG2 cells and induce apoptosis in vitro, while synergistic effect was noted when lower doses of sorafenib and DDP were used in combination. It was also found that combined use of sorafenib and cisplatin arrested HepG2 cells at G0/G1 and G2 phase as shown by cell cycle analysis, and the highest apoptosis rate appeared in sorafenib-cisplatin combination group (P

300 days),compared with that of control group(12.7?1.63 days,P

0.05);the TAV of the drug plus radiation dose of 20,25Gy groups were much smaller than that of the radiation alone groups (P

Objective To investigate the effect of donor lymphocyte infusion(DU) by intra-bone marrow(IBM)or intravenous(Ⅳ)on the incidence of graft-versus-host disease(GVHD)and graft-versus-leukemia(GVL)after allogeneic peripheral hematopoietic stem cen transplantation(allo-PBSCT).Methods Female C57BL/6 mice as recipients received total body irradiation (TSr) Oil day 0,followed by injection of peripheral hematopoietic stem cells from mobilized male BALB/e with the granulocyte-colony stimulating factor(rhG-CSF),and DLI Was performed via Ⅳ or IBM.The extents of GVHD and GVL were compared in recipients received IBM-DLI with those received IV-DLI.The percentages of donor-defived cells and CD_4~+ CD_(25)~+ regulatory T cells(Treg) were detected by flow cytometry.Results It Was found that the frequency of GVHD and GVL were reduced in IBM-DLI compared with that of IV-DLI(P

BACKGROUND: Progressive body mass losses and physical strength decrease are common complications of malignant tumors, and they are important factors that affect the quality of life of the patients.OBJECTIVE: To probe into the curative effect of a Chinese herbal compound Yiqi Xiaozheng granules combined with antitumor drugs in the treatment of malignant tumors and its effect on the quality of life.DESIGN: A randomized controlled observation.SETTING:Clinical Tumor College of Peking University.PARTICIPANT: Totally 61 patients with malignant pulmonary carcinoma,breast or intestinal carcinoma hospitalized in the Wards of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Beijing Cancer Hospital from June 1999 to March 2002 were recruited.METHODS: Altogether 61 cases of malignant tumor were randomized into the treatment group (treated with Chinese herbal compound Yiqi Xiaozheng granules supplemented with chemotherapy)(n=34) and the control group (treated with only chemotherapy was used)(n=27). The difference in curative effect, survival period with tumor and the quality of life of the two groups were observed. The comparison of the curative effects of the two groups was performed according to Clinical Curative Effect Criteria for Solid Tumors stipulated by World Health Organization: completely response, partly response, stable disease, and progressive disease. X-ray examination was performed on the patients before the therapy and two courses of treatment after the therapy to evaluate the curative effect. Physical strength grading was made according to the evaluation criteria of Eastern Oneology Cooperative Group of the United States. The two groups were graded before and after the treatment. The group with decreased grade after the treatment was considered to be improving, but the group with increased grade after the treatment was considered to be worsening.symptom before and after therapyparison of the curative effect of the two groups: The cure rate of the treatment group was higher than that of the control group (partial response rate,stability rate and progression rate of the two groups was 36% ,7% ;52%,survival with tumors: The mean period of survival with tumors of the treatment group was longer than that of the control group until March 2002ing: Physical strength grading status was better after the therapy in the treatment group than that in the control group [ In the treatment group, 9cases (26%)were ameliorated, 25 (74%)appeared stable , none was aggravated; in the control group, 1 case (4%) was ameliorated, 25(93%) appeared of qi-deficiency symptoms in traditional Chinese medicine before and after the treatment between the two groups. Symptoms such as sweating and qi deficiency manifested as disclination to talk, listlessness, debility, etc. were significantly reduced in the treatment group (The numbers of cases before and after the treatment were 20, 9; 17,9; 20,13 respectively). In the control group, the cases either were stable or showed an increase in symptoms (There were 13, 13; 14, 17; 18, 20 respectively before and after treatment).CONCLUSION: Compared with the control group, in the treatment of malignant tumors, Yiqi Xiaozheng granules supplemented with chemotherapy not only enhanced curative effect, but also improved the quality of life and prolonged the period of survival with tumors.

Objective:To investigate the effect of donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) by intra-bone marrow (IBM) or intravenous (IV) on the incidence of graft-versus-host disease(GVHD) after allogeneic peripheral hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-PBSCT).Methods:Female C57BL/6 mice as recipients received total body irradiation (TBI) on day 0,followed by injection of peripheral hematopoietic stem cells from mobilized male BALB/c with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF),and DLI was performed via IV or IBM.The extent of GVHD was compared in recipients received allogeneic IBM-DLI with those received IV-DLI.The percentage of donor-derived cells and CD4~+CD25~+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) was detected by flow cytometry.14 days after DLI,the levels of IL-4 and interferon (IFN)-γ were tested by ELISA.Results:It was found that the frequency and severity of GVHD were reduced in IBM-DLI compared with that of IV-DLI (P＜0.01).7 days after transplantation,the percentage of H-2~d-positive cells was over 95% in all surviving transplanted mice;and 14 days after transplantation,the percentage of Tregs detected as CD4~+CD25~+ was significantly higher in recipients treated with IBM-DLI than those treated with IV-DLI(P＜0.01).Compared with that of the recipients in IBM-DLI group,the level of IL-4 was significantly decreased,while the level of IFN-γ were elevated in group IV-DLI (P＜0.01).Conclusion:IBM-DLI could induce the proliferation of Tregs and the Th polarizing to Th2,resulting in decreasing the incidence and alleviating severity of GVHD after allo-PBSCT.

Objective To compare the dosemetry between helical tomotherapy (HT) and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for early-stage postoperative breast cancer and provide more valuable evidences to the clinical researches. Methods Clinical trails of dosimetric comparing between HT and IMRT for early-stage breast cancer were obtained from PubMed, Embase, Sciencedirect, CNKI, VIP and Wanfang databases, evaluated and analyzed with the Cochrane Collaboration's RevMan 5.2 software. Results 10 studies were included with a total of 135 patients. Compared to IMRT plans, HT plans provided a significantly better conformity index (P<0.000 1), mean (P<0.000 01) and maximal dose (P=0.003) of the planning target volume (PTV). HT plans had a lower heart maximal dose (P=0.005), V20 (P=0.05), V30 (P=0.003), and ipsilateral lung maximal dose (P=0.003), V20 (P=0.02), as while as had a higher contralateral breast V5 (P=0.01), mean (P=0.05) and maximal dose (P<0.000 01). There was no significantly difference between HT and IMRT plans for homogeneity index of PTV, heart V5, V10, mean dose, ipsilateral lung V5, V10, V30, mean dose, contralateral breast V10, contralateral lung mean and maximal dose (all P >0.05). Conclusion Compared to IMRT plans, HT plans have the dosimetry superiority for early-stage breast cancer with significantly better coverage and dose conformity while maintaining lower doses to high risk organs.

Since initiation of training on laboratory of molecular biology in my school, we accumulated experience in teaching process especially among international students and application of pedagogy as well as technology. Strengths, weakness and opportunities are analyzed to improve teaching quality.

Objective To explore the efficacy of endoscopic sphincterotomy with small incision combined with balloon dilatation (sEST+EPBD)in the treatment of patients with choledocholithiasis and juxtapapillary duodenal diverticula (JPDD).Methods From January 2011 to January 2015 ,149 patients with choledocholithiasis and JPDD who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP)were enrolled.Among them,60 patients were in sEST+EPBD group and 89 were in endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST)group.Success rate of ERCP and first-time stone removal,changes of total bilirubin (TBil)and direct bilirubin (DBil)levels,as well as the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups were compared.Chi-square test or t-test was performed for statistical analysis. Results The ERCP success rate sEST+EPBD group was 100.0% (60/60),and the first-time success rate of stone removal was 91 .7%(55/60);correspondingly,ERCP success rate of EST group was 98.9%(88/89),and the success rate of first-time stone removal was 77.5 %(69/89).There was no statistically significant difference in success rate of ERCP between the two groups (χ2 =0.19,P =0.410).The first-time success rate of stone removal of sEST +EPBD group was higher than that of EST group,and the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =5 .53,P =0.020).After operation,the TBil level of sEST+
EPBD group was (152.62 ±109.04 )μmol/L,which was lower than that before operation ((266.02 ± 143.31)μmol/L),and the difference was statistically significant (t =4.88,P <0.01 ).After operation, the DBil level of sEST +EPBD group was (87.13 ±65 .90)μmol/L,which was lower than that before operation ((175 .70 ± 100.53 )μmol/L),and the difference was statistically significant (t = 5 .71 ,P <0.01).After operation,the TBil level of EST group was (251 .90 ±247.90)μmol/L,which was lower than that before operation ((340.20 ±176.20 )μmol/L),and the difference was statistically significant (t=2.74,P <0.05).After operation,the DBil level of EST group was (168.10±140.60)μmol/L,which was lower than that before operation ((228.40 ±139.60 )μmol/L),and the difference was statistically significant (t = 2.87,P = 0.005).The complication rate of sEST + EPBD group after operation was 8.3%(5/60),which was lower than that of EST group (20.2%,18/89 ),and the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =3.88,P =0.049 ).Conclusion sEST+EPBD could increase the first-time success rate of stone removal in patients with choledocholithiasis and JPDD,and it is a safe and effective treatment.

Objective To analyze the correlation between miR-31 and ESCC in expression of miR-31 in the plasma of ESCC in Xinjiang Kazak and Han nationality patients. Methods The plasma samples were collected respectively from patients with ESCC in 20 cases and healthy subjects in 20 cases. The relatively expression of miR-31 was detected by real-time Q-PCR. Results The expression of miR-31 with ESCC were higher than those of the normal control group, which related to the degree of tumor differentiation in Kazak ESCC patients (P < 0.01); the levels of miR-31 relative expression in Kazak were higher than that of Han (P = 0.008, P = 0.027). Conclusion miR-31 may be involved in the occurrence of ESCC in Han and Kazak nationality. miR-31 might be another risk factor in high incidence of ESCC in Kazak than Han nationality.