The present paper reports the effect of pancreatitis induced by cholecystokinin (CCK) on free-running rhythm of locomotor activity of the ICR mice, and analyzes the interaction of inflammatory diseases and acute pancreatitis with circadian rhythm system. In the study, the mice were modeled under different phases of acute pancreatitis in DD status (Double Dark, constant dark condition). By comparing of the inflammatory status and the indicators of rhythm before and after modeling of the running wheel activity group and the rest group, it was observed that the rest group showed more possibility of inflammation than the activity group did in ICR mice model of acute pancreatitis. In the rest phase model, the extension of the period is particularly longer. The results presented indicated that CCK-induced acute pancreatitis impacted free activity rhythm of ICR mice. Also in a free running model under different phase, the inflammation severity was proved significantly different. This study provides possible clues for the research of the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis severe tendency.
Animals ; Cholecystokinin ; adverse effects ; Circadian Rhythm ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Motor Activity ; Pancreatitis ; chemically induced ; physiopathology

Objective To establish the normal reference range for serum folate of healthy children in Guangzhou region.Methods Levels of serum folate of 1 860 healthy children (1 061 males and 799 females) and 129 adults (52 males and 77 females) living in Guangzhou region were examined by LK3000V Vitamin Analyzer.Then the data were analyzed with statistical methods.Results ①There was no statistical difference between boys and girls for levels of serum folate in every group defined by age (P＞0.05).②The levels of serum folate [median(P2.5,P97.5)] defined by age were as follows:9.39 (6.12,14.85) nmol/L for 0～1 year-old group,10.65 (6.05,16.52) nmol/L for 1.01～17 year-old group and 11.12 (6.3,17.51) nmol/L for the adult group.Statistical difference was found between any two groups of the three (P＜0.05).③No statistical correlation was found between age and the level of serum folate (r=0.039,P=0.09).Conclusion Reference range for serum folate for healthy children in Guangzhou region include two parts:6.12～ 14.85 nmol/L for 0～ 1 year-old group and 6.05～～16.52 nmol/L for 1.01～17 year-old group.

Because of the limited effect of traditional treatment methods such as surgical treatment, radiotherapy and chemotherapy,the emergence of immunotherapy has brought new hope for the treatment of patients with bladder cancer. As an immune checkpoint inhibitor, programmed death receptor 1/programmed death receptor-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) inhibitor has shown good anti-tumor activity and safety in the treatment of advanced bladder cancer, and has been recommended for advanced bladder cancer as second-line treatment by NCCN guidelines. PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor for the treatment of bladder cancer has covered the first-line and second-line treatment, as well as maintenance therapy after first-line chemotherapy of locally advanced or metastatic bladder cancer, adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapy of muscle-invasive bladder cancer, treatment of high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer failed by Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccine perfusion, and bladder preservation therapy of muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Some of related studies have achieved certain results, and some are in progress, both of which need to be further examined. Maybe it can provide new guidance and ideas for clinical treatment of bladder cancer.

Because of the limited effect of traditional treatment methods such as surgical treatment, radiotherapy and chemotherapy,the emergence of immunotherapy has brought new hope for the treatment of patients with bladder cancer. As an immune checkpoint inhibitor, programmed death receptor 1/programmed death receptor-ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) inhibitor has shown good anti-tumor activity and safety in the treatment of advanced bladder cancer, and has been recommended for advanced bladder cancer as second-line treatment by NCCN guidelines. PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor for the treatment of bladder cancer has covered the first-line and second-line treatment, as well as maintenance therapy after first-line chemotherapy of locally advanced or metastatic bladder cancer, adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapy of muscle-invasive bladder cancer, treatment of high-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer failed by Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccine perfusion, and bladder preservation therapy of muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Some of related studies have achieved certain results, and some are in progress, both of which need to be further examined. Maybe it can provide new guidance and ideas for clinical treatment of bladder cancer.