Objective: To explore the association between vitamin D levels and sleep in children and adolescents，so as to provide a reference for promoting the sleep health of children and adolescents. Methods: From October to December, 2021, 4 827 primary and middle school students aged 6-17 in Shenzhen were selected by multistage cluster random sampling method, and their demographic information, family background, lifestyle and sleep status were obtained by facetoface questionnaire survey, and their fasting venous blood in the morning was collected to detect the serum 25(OH)D level. The relationship between serum vitamin D level and sleep characteristics was analyzed by binary Logistic regression, and stratified analysis was carried out according to gender. Results: The proportion of vitamin D deficiency was 41.1%, and the proportion of sleep deficiency was 19.4%. With the increase of vitamin D level, daily sleep duration of children and adolescents tended to increase (r=0.10,P<0.01). After adjusting for covariates such as gender and age, it was found that children and adolescents with insufficient vitamin D levels were more likely to experience sleep insufficiency, social jetlag, and late sleep on weekdays, with ORs being 1.32(95%CI=1.12-1.56), 1.35(95%CI=1.19-1.54), and 1.26(95%CI=1.05-1.52)(P<0.05). Sexstratified analysis showed that, among boys, vitamin D deficiency was associated with sleep deficiency, social jetlag, and late bedtime on weekdays and weekends[OR(95%CI)=1.42(1.14-1.77),1.25(1.04-1.49),1.39(1.06-1.82),1.86(1.19-2.92),P<0.05]. In girls, however, serum vitamin D levels were only associated with social jetlag with OR being 1.47 (95%CI=1.21-1.79, P<0.05). Conclusion Vitamin D levels are associated with various sleep characteristics in children and adolescents, with this association being more pronounced among boys.

Body weight abnormalities, including overweight, obesity, and underweight, have become a dual public health challenge in Chinese adults: overweight and obesity lead to a variety of chronic complications, while underweight increases the risks of malnutrition, sarcopenia, and organ dysfunction. To systematically address these issues, multidisciplinary experts in endocrinology, sports science, nutrition, and psychiatry from various regions have held multiple weight management seminars. Based on the latest epidemiological data and clinical evidence, they expanded the guideline to include assessment and intervention strategies for underweight, in addition to the core content of obesity management. This guideline outlines the etiological mechanisms, evaluation methods, and multidimensional management strategies for overweight and obesity, covering key areas such as diagnosis and assessment, medical nutrition therapy, exercise prescription, pharmacological intervention, and psychological support. It is intended to provide a scientific and standardized approach to weight management across the adult population, aiming to curb the rising prevalence of obesity, mitigate complications associated with abnormal body weight, and improve nutritional status and overall quality of life.

Objective To analyze the potential biological relationship between Alzheimer disease(AD)and chronic periodontitis(CP)by bioinformatics.Methods We analyzed two datasets of AD and CP from the Gene Expression Omnibus database,and differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified from these datasets.Weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA)was used to identify the most relevant modules.Functional enrichment analysis of shared genes was performed,and a protein-protein interaction(PPI)network was constructed.MCODE was used to identify key modules,and machine learning was used to discover key genes.In addition,Gene Set Enrichment Analysis(GSEA)and CIBERSORT were used to investigate KLRB1-related molecular pathways and immune cell distribu-tion.Results The study identified 18 genes common to both AD and CP.MCODE analysis revealed five pivotal genes,machine learning identified 13 genes for AD,eight for CP,and KLRB1 was determined as a common gene for AD and CP.GSEA demonstrated the intricate involvement of these genes in disease-related pathways.Immunocellular analysis underscored a significant association between KLRB1 and γδT cells.Conclusion This research highlighted KLRB1 as a key gene for AD and CP,providing new insights into their molecular linkages.

Objective To compare the application effects of bronchial blocker(BB)and double-lumen endotracheal tube(DLT)in pediatric thoracoscopic lobectomy.Methods A total of 80 pediatric patients who underwent thoracoscopic lobectomy at Xuzhou Children's Hospital from February 2020 to February 2023 were randomly divided into the DLT group(n=40)and the BB group(n=40)by envelope drawing.The DLT group received treatment with double-lumen endotracheal tubes,while the BB group was treated with bronchial blockers.Perioperative indicators,mean arterial pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR)at different times,airway pressure,pre-and post-operative recovery quality scores(QoR-15),intraoperative lung collapse(LCS)scores,modified Aldrete recovery scores,and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results The comparison of single-lung ventilation time,intubation positioning time,and anesthesia time between the two groups showed no statistically significant differences(P＞0.05);however,the operation time of the BB group was(68.37±6.28)minutes and the hospital stay was(4.56±0.35)days,while those of the DLT group were(76.87±8.34)minutes and(5.97±0.70)days,respectively.There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups(P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in the mean arterial pressure(MAP)and heart rate(HR)before induction(T0)between the two groups(P＞0.05).The MAP of the BB group immediately after intubation(T1),2 minutes after intubation(T2),immediately after extubation(T3),and 2 minutes after extubation(T4)was(91.53±8.28)mmHg,(89.58±8.72)mmHg,(89.33±8.97)mmHg,and(95.40±9.86)mmHg,respectively.The HRS were(72.74±6.35)times/minute,(72.83±6.82)times/minute,(71.19±6.57)times/minute,and(73.63±7.46)times/minute respectively.The MAP in the DLT group was(83.88±7.29)mmHg,(83.40±7.66)mmHg,(85.17±7.91)mmHg,and(89.42±9.15)mmHg,respectively.HR was(66.68±6.17)times/minute,(64.27±6.19)times/minute,(65.97±6.28)times/minute,and(68.80±6.27)times/minute,respectively.There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups(P＜0.05).The airway pressures of the BB group at 5 minutes of bilateral lung ventilation(T5),5 minutes of unilateral lung ventilation(T6),and 5 minutes of recovery of bilateral lung ventilation(T7)were(14.36±2.46)cmH2O,(17.34±2.75)cmH2O,and(15.30±2.32)emH2O,respectively.The values in the DLT group were(17.77±2.85)cmH2O,(21.35±3.17)cmH2O,and(18.49±2.99)cmH2O,respectively.There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in QOR-15 score and modified Aldrete recovery score one day before the operation between the two groups(P＞0.05).One day after surgery,the QOR-15 score of the BB group was(119.33±12.20)points,and the intraoperative LCS score was(7.70±0.61)points,while those of the DLT group were(107.60±10.10)and(6.31±0.57)points,respectively.There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups(P＜0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions was 10.0％in the BB group and 27.5％in the DLT group.There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups(P＜0.05).Conclusion The application of bronchial blockers in pediatric thoracoscopic lobectomy shows better results compared to double-lumen endotracheal tubes.

Objective To compare the serological and pathological characteristics of 3 nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)models:high-fat diet(HFD)with carbon tetrachloride(CCl4)injection,methionine and choline deficient diet(MCD),and Aymlin liver NASH(AMLN)diet-induced NASH models.Methods 3 NASH models were established by feeding mice an HFD with CCl4 injection for 10 weeks,MCD for 8 weeks and NASH for 26 weeks.After feeding,serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),glucose(GLU),liver triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),and malondialdehyde(MDA)levels and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity were measured.Insulin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistant(HOMA-IR)index was calculated.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE),Sirius red,and oil red staining were used to indicate pathological changes to the liver.The NAS score was used to grade the pathology.Results Compared to each normal control(NC)group mice,all mice in the 3 model groups had an obvious increase in serum transaminase and liver TG,TC,MDA levels and SOD activity.The levels of serum FINS,GLU and the HOMA-IR index were significantly increased in the AMLN and CCl4+HFD model groups but decreased in the MCD model group.According to the HE,oil red staining and NAS score,mice in all 3 groups had NASH phenotypic changes.Liver collagen deposition was most obvious in mice in theCCl4+HFD model group.Liver lipid droplets were most abundant in the AMLN model group.Conclusions All the above 3 animal models can stably simulate the serological and pathological changes of NASH in human.The AMLN model can simulate the progress and mechanism of the disease,as well as systemic metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance and oxidative stress.However,it is time-consuming and the fibrosis progression rate is slow.The MCD diet can simulate the serological and pathological features of NASH in 8 weeks,but no obesity or insulin resistance occurred.The CCl4 combined with HFD model can induce NASH model in 10 weeks,which can simulate its serological and pathological changes,and the liver has obvious fibrous deposition and oxidative stress damage.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of macrophage depletion by clodronate liposomes(CL)in a carbon tetrachloride(CCl4)-induced liver fibrosis mouse model,and to analyze the transcriptomic features.Methods Thirty-two C57BL/6 mice were divided randomly into plain control liposomes for clophosome(PL)and clodronate liposome(CL)groups(n=16 mice per group),and administered intraperitoneal injections of PL and CL,respectively.On day 5,each group was further divided into normal(N)and model(M)subgroups(n=8 mice per subgroup).Mice in group M received 10％CCl4 intraperitoneally to induce liver fibrosis,while mice in group N received an equal volume of olive oil.After 4 weeks,serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT)and aspartate aminotransferase(AST)levels were measured,and hepatic inflammation and collagen deposition were evaluated by hematoxylin/eosin and Sirius red staining,respectively.Total RNA was extracted from liver tissues for transcriptomic sequencing and subsequent differential gene expression analysis.Results Serum ALT and AST levels were significantly elevated in the PL-M group(P＜0.01),with fibrosis staging primarily at S3,compared with S1 in the CL-M group.Totals of 1462 and 2119 differentially expressed genes(|log fold change|＞2 and P＜0.05)were identified in the PL and CL groups,respectively.Gene Ontology analysis revealed enrichment in multiple biological processes,cellular components,and molecular functions in both models,and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis identified 29 significantly enriched pathways(P＜0.05).The upregulation of genes including Lgals7 and Timp1 and the downregulation of Mup-ps16 and Mup15 were validated by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction,consistent with transcriptomic trends(P＜0.05).Conclusions This study highlights the characteristics and transcriptomic features of macrophage depletion in the CCl4-induced liver fibrosis model,providing a theoretical reference for research on the immune mechanisms of liver fibrosis.

Objective To compare the serological and pathological characteristics of 3 nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)models:high-fat diet(HFD)with carbon tetrachloride(CCl4)injection,methionine and choline deficient diet(MCD),and Aymlin liver NASH(AMLN)diet-induced NASH models.Methods 3 NASH models were established by feeding mice an HFD with CCl4 injection for 10 weeks,MCD for 8 weeks and NASH for 26 weeks.After feeding,serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),glucose(GLU),liver triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),and malondialdehyde(MDA)levels and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity were measured.Insulin levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistant(HOMA-IR)index was calculated.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE),Sirius red,and oil red staining were used to indicate pathological changes to the liver.The NAS score was used to grade the pathology.Results Compared to each normal control(NC)group mice,all mice in the 3 model groups had an obvious increase in serum transaminase and liver TG,TC,MDA levels and SOD activity.The levels of serum FINS,GLU and the HOMA-IR index were significantly increased in the AMLN and CCl4+HFD model groups but decreased in the MCD model group.According to the HE,oil red staining and NAS score,mice in all 3 groups had NASH phenotypic changes.Liver collagen deposition was most obvious in mice in theCCl4+HFD model group.Liver lipid droplets were most abundant in the AMLN model group.Conclusions All the above 3 animal models can stably simulate the serological and pathological changes of NASH in human.The AMLN model can simulate the progress and mechanism of the disease,as well as systemic metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance and oxidative stress.However,it is time-consuming and the fibrosis progression rate is slow.The MCD diet can simulate the serological and pathological features of NASH in 8 weeks,but no obesity or insulin resistance occurred.The CCl4 combined with HFD model can induce NASH model in 10 weeks,which can simulate its serological and pathological changes,and the liver has obvious fibrous deposition and oxidative stress damage.

Objective To compare the application effects of bronchial blocker(BB)and double-lumen endotracheal tube(DLT)in pediatric thoracoscopic lobectomy.Methods A total of 80 pediatric patients who underwent thoracoscopic lobectomy at Xuzhou Children's Hospital from February 2020 to February 2023 were randomly divided into the DLT group(n=40)and the BB group(n=40)by envelope drawing.The DLT group received treatment with double-lumen endotracheal tubes,while the BB group was treated with bronchial blockers.Perioperative indicators,mean arterial pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR)at different times,airway pressure,pre-and post-operative recovery quality scores(QoR-15),intraoperative lung collapse(LCS)scores,modified Aldrete recovery scores,and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results The comparison of single-lung ventilation time,intubation positioning time,and anesthesia time between the two groups showed no statistically significant differences(P＞0.05);however,the operation time of the BB group was(68.37±6.28)minutes and the hospital stay was(4.56±0.35)days,while those of the DLT group were(76.87±8.34)minutes and(5.97±0.70)days,respectively.There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups(P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in the mean arterial pressure(MAP)and heart rate(HR)before induction(T0)between the two groups(P＞0.05).The MAP of the BB group immediately after intubation(T1),2 minutes after intubation(T2),immediately after extubation(T3),and 2 minutes after extubation(T4)was(91.53±8.28)mmHg,(89.58±8.72)mmHg,(89.33±8.97)mmHg,and(95.40±9.86)mmHg,respectively.The HRS were(72.74±6.35)times/minute,(72.83±6.82)times/minute,(71.19±6.57)times/minute,and(73.63±7.46)times/minute respectively.The MAP in the DLT group was(83.88±7.29)mmHg,(83.40±7.66)mmHg,(85.17±7.91)mmHg,and(89.42±9.15)mmHg,respectively.HR was(66.68±6.17)times/minute,(64.27±6.19)times/minute,(65.97±6.28)times/minute,and(68.80±6.27)times/minute,respectively.There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups(P＜0.05).The airway pressures of the BB group at 5 minutes of bilateral lung ventilation(T5),5 minutes of unilateral lung ventilation(T6),and 5 minutes of recovery of bilateral lung ventilation(T7)were(14.36±2.46)cmH2O,(17.34±2.75)cmH2O,and(15.30±2.32)emH2O,respectively.The values in the DLT group were(17.77±2.85)cmH2O,(21.35±3.17)cmH2O,and(18.49±2.99)cmH2O,respectively.There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups(P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in QOR-15 score and modified Aldrete recovery score one day before the operation between the two groups(P＞0.05).One day after surgery,the QOR-15 score of the BB group was(119.33±12.20)points,and the intraoperative LCS score was(7.70±0.61)points,while those of the DLT group were(107.60±10.10)and(6.31±0.57)points,respectively.There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups(P＜0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions was 10.0％in the BB group and 27.5％in the DLT group.There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups(P＜0.05).Conclusion The application of bronchial blockers in pediatric thoracoscopic lobectomy shows better results compared to double-lumen endotracheal tubes.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of human papillomavirus(HPV)infection in women in the Zhongguancun area of Beijing,and to evaluate the infection rates and genotype distribution between different populations and age groups.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on HPV genotyping results of 13,105 women who visited the gynecology outpatient department or underwent routine health check-ups at Zhongguancun Hospital from March 2019 to April 2024.High-risk HPV genotypes(15 types)were detected using a fluorescence PCR assay.Positive cases were classified as single,dual or multiple(≥3)infections based on the number of genotypes.Subjects were stratified into six age groups(≤30,31-40,41-50,51-60,61-70,and≥71 years),and the characteristics of infection by type and age group were analyzed.Results The overall HPV positivity rate was 10.78%(1,413/13,105),with a significantly higher rate in the outpatient group than that in the health check-up group(16.36%vs.6.06%,P<0.01).The three most prevalent genotypes were HPV52(18.83%),HPV58(13.85%),and HPV16(11.28%).Single infections accounted for 79.19%of cases,dual infections for 15.93%and multiple infections for 4.88%.Age distribution showed a U-shaped pattern,with higher infection rate in women aged≤30 years(15.06%)and 61-70 years(13.19%),and the lowest rate in the≥71 years(8.09%).Notably,women aged≤30 years had the highest proportion of multiple infections(31.72%).Conclusion These findings provide a basis for cervical cancer screening strategies,HPV vaccination promotion and individualized prevention of cervical cancer in this region.

Objective To explore the effect of maternal exercise on blood pressure,cardiac pheno-type and susceptibility to myocardial is chemia/reperfusion(MI/R)injury in adult male offsprings of mice.Methods Pregnant mice were randomly divided into a sedentary group(p-Ctr)and an exercise group(p-EX),each of 12.The exercise group underwent daily 60-minutenon-weight bearing swim-ming from gestational day(GD)1 to 18,6 days a week.Then,their male offsprings at 3 months of age(3M)were selected as the research subjects,namely the Ctr-3M group and the EX-3M group,with 12 mice in each group.The MI/R model was established by ligation of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery(LAD)surgery(30 min of ischemia,24 h of reperfusion).Then,the systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP),and mean arterial pressure(MAP)were monitored non-invasively via tail artery blood pressure measurement,while the cardiac function was detected by using the small animal ultrasound.Moreover,the cardiac morphology and col-lagen volume fraction(CVF)of myocardium was observed by HE staining and Masson staining,respec-tively.Meanwhile,the cross-sectional area(CSA)of myocardial cells and myocardial infarction area(INF/AAR)was measured using WGA staining and Evans Blue-TTC double staining,accordingly.What's more,the apoptosis index(AI)of myocardial cells and serum cardiac troponin I(cTnI)were de-tected by using TUNEL staining and ELISA,respectively,while the expression levels of Bax and Bcl-2 proteins were determined by using Western blotting.Results 1)From GD11 to GD19,the body weight of females in the p-EX group was always significantly lower than that in the p-Ctr group(GD11,GD13;P<0.05;GD12,GD14～GD19;P<0.01),but there was no significant difference in the litter size and abortion rate(P>0.05).2)There were no significant differences between the EX-3M and Ctr-3M groups in the heart weight(HW),body weight(BW)and heart weight to body weight ratio(HW/BW),SBP,DBP,MAP,myocardial CVF,and CSA of male offsprings(P>0.05).After MI/R surgery,in both p-Ctr and p-EX groups,myocardial transverse striations disappeared and cardiomyocytes were disarranged with degeneration and necrosis.Moreover,CVF of the EX-3M group was significantly lower than the Ctr-3M group after MI/R surgery(P<0.05).3)No significant differenc-es were found between the Ctr-3M and EX-3M groups in the average cardiac ejection fraction(EF),fractional shortening(FS),left ventricle internal diameter in diastole(LVIDd),and left ventricle inter-nal diameter in systole(LVIDs)(P>0.05).However,after the MI/R surgery,the postoperative EF and FS(P<0.01),and LVIDs(P<0.05)in the EX-3M group were significantly higher than the Ctr-3M group,without significant difference in LVIDd(P>0.05).4)After MI/R surgery,the average AI,INF/AAR and serum cTnI level of the EX-3M group were significantly lower than the Ctr-3M group(P<0.01 for all).5)The relative expression level of myocardial Bcl-2 protein after MI/R surgery in the EX-3M group was significantly higher than the Ctr-3M group(P<0.05),while that of myocardial Bax protein(P<0.05)and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio(P<0.01)were significantly lower than the latter.Conclu-sions Prenatal exercise significantly reduces the susceptibility to myocardial ischemia injury in 3-month-old male mice offspring,improves the contractile function of their heart,and attenuates the degree of cardiomyocyte apoptosis and necrosis,exerting a cardioprotective effect in MI/R injury.