Objective To evaluate the value of p504S,CK34?E12 and p63 immunostaining for the diagnosis of benign and malignant lesions of the prostate. Methods Expression of p504S、CK34?E12 and p63 in benign and malignant lesions of the prostate was observed by microwave SP immunohistochemical method. Results Continuous positive expression of CK34?E12 and p63 was found in the acini and ducts of most benign prostatic hyperplasia, and few cases showed interrupted expression, but p504S staining presented negative reaction; Interrupted expression of CK34?E12 and p63 was found in high prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia cases, and was weekly positive or negative for p504S; CK34?E12 and p63 staining was positive in five atypical adenomatous hyperplasia cases, one case presented focally positive reaction by p504S; CK34?E12 and p63 staining was negative in forty prostatic carcinoma, but positive by p504S;The gleason histologic grading of prostate carcinoma was negatively related to expression of p504S. Conclusion Combined detection of p504S、CK34?E12 and p63 can be most helpful for diagnosis of prostate carcinoma, especially in needle biopsy specimen.

Objective To investigate the expression of NDRG1 and its relationship to differentiation level and metastasis in prostate cancer. Methods The expression NDRG1 was examined by immunohistochemistry LSAB method in 86 samples of prostate cancer and benigh prostate hyperplasia. Results The NDRG1 was shown to be highly expressed in 30(73.3%)of prostate cancer and 70.0%of benign prostate hyperplasia.There were no evident difference between prostate cancer and prestate hyperplasia(P＞0.05).The expression of NDRG1 was gradually reduction with the Gleason score from 2-4 to 5-7 to 8-10 in prostate cancer, which was statistical significance(P＜0.05).The expression of NDRG1 in lymph node or bone metastasis was significantly lower than that in no metastasis of prostate cancer. There was a negative correlation between the expression of NDRG1 and lymph node or bone metastasis. The age had no correlation with the expression of NDRG1(P＞0.05).Conclusion NDRG1 is involved in the genesis and development of prostate cancer, which may be related to the differentiation level of prostate cancer and serve as a useful marker for early diagnosis of cancer and metastasis.

BACKGROUND: Changes in extracellular of chondrocyte can reflect influence of external force on temporomandibular joint and adaptability of body to external force. OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of cyclic tensile stress on main extracellular matrix of condylar chondrocyte.METHODS: The cyclic tensile stress was exposed to the third passage condylar chondrocyte for 0, 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours, respectively, using a Flexcell Strain Unit-5000T system (10% surface elongation, 6 cycles/min). After mechanical loading, total RNA was extracted from the cells harvested from Six-well BioFlex flexible cell Petri Dish, reverse transcribed, and reverse trabscription-PCR was performed to quantify mRNA levels for type Ⅱ collagen and aggrecan.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the control group (0 hour group), both type Ⅱ collagen and aggrecan mRNA expression was significantly increased after loading for 6 hours (P < 0.05), but began to decrease since 12 hours, and significantly decreased at 24 hours (P < 0.05). Results showed that cyclical tensile stress stimuli can affect the synthesis of main extracellular matrix of condylar cartilage, i.e. the synthesis was gradually enhanced with prolonged stimulation duration, but significantly inhibited in response to further stress stimuli.

Due to the insufficient education of medical ethics and tending to medical moral educa-tion, the residents lack the ability to make ethical decisions. Therefore, we applied Four Topics method in the clinical ethics training of residents. The clinical ethics training was divided into three stages, and each stage had different training content and objectives. Dongyang People's Hospital adopted the form of lectures and panel discussions. During the group discussion, the group leader was in charge of case preparation, which came from clinical practice, and then all members applied the Four Topics method to analyze and discuss the ethical conflicts, and make the ethical decision. Through this process, residents' ability to solve ethical problems in clinical practice was enhanced.

Objective To explore biological characteristics of chondrogenic differentiation of human periosteum-derived cells and the role of BMP4 in chondrogenic differentiation of these cells.Methods From October 2009 to September 2012,periosteum was obtained from tibia of patients undergoing leg amputation surgery,and isolated periosteum-derived cells by tissue culture method.Cells were cultured in DMEM/F12 containing 10％ fetal bovine serum,and morphology of cells were observed under inverted microscope.Periosteum-derived cells growth and the effect of BMP4 on cells growth examined by cell count using trypan blue,and cells growth curve was made.Experiment was divided into control group,chondrogenic differentiation group and BMP4 group,cells were expanded and differentiated in the presence or absence of BMP4 and complete medium.Then toluidine and immunohistochemical staining analyzed proteoglycan and collagenⅡ expression of these cells after 14 and 21 days.The expression of aggrecan,collagen Ⅱ and SOX9 mRNA of these cells using real-time PCR.Results (1) Periosteumderived cells adhered to growth in vitro,the shape of cell presented fibroblast-like morphology changing into polygonal after 1 week and round cell formation after 2 weeks chondrrogenic differemtiation.Growth curve showed that the passage 3 and 9 cells had similar reproductive activity.The passage 3 cells were positive for CD90 (21.07％) and CD105 (25.84％).(2)Toluidine bule staining and type Ⅱ collagen immunohistochemical staining showed BMP4 group (40.29 ± 4.29,56.74 ± 5.12) and chondrogenic differentiated group (19.27 ± 3.71,38.31 ± 4.25) ccould secrete proteoglycan and collagen Ⅱ,control group were negative (10.24 ± 1.21,15.28 ± 2.23),BMP4 group were significantly than chondrogenic differentiated group.(3) The expression of aggrecan,collagen Ⅱ and SOX9 mRNA of BMP4 group(25.76 ±0.57,6.48 ±0.48,2.91 ±0.18)were significantly higher than that of control group(2.37 ±0.24,1.12 ± 0.31,1.07 ± 0.22)and chondrogenic differentiated group(11.12 ± 0.38,2.24 ± 0.41,1.54 ± 0.35)using real-time PCR.Conclusion Periosteum-derived cells have strong proliferative,and have good potentials of differentiating into chondroblasts like mesenchymal stem cells.BMP4 can promote chondrogenic differentiation of periosteum-derived cells in vitro cultures.

BACKGROUND: Because of complicated physiological environment and difficulty to control experimental conditions, it is difficult to get satisfactory results from in vivo studies of cell mechanics.OBJECTIVE: To study the action and mechanism of p38MAPK signaling pathways on myoblast apoptosis based on successful construction of in vitro mechanical stimulation models.METHODS: The C2C12 cells cultured in vitro were divided into control group and SB203580 treatment group. Cyclic tensile stress was applied on the C2C12 myoblast cells for 0, 6, 12 and 24 hours in each group. The Flexcell Strain Unit-5000T was used to expose C2C12 myoblast cell to an equiaxial cyclic of 15% magnitude and a frequency of 10 cycles/min, each cycle including the 3 s stretch and 3 s relaxation. Hoechst 33258 fluorescent staining and optical microscope were used to detect cell apoptosis. RT-PCR, flow cytometric analysis were used to observe the apoptosis of C2C12 myoblast cells and Western blotting were used to detect the activity of p38MAPK and p-p38MAPK. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The optical microscope tested the change in the morphology. Hoechst 33258 staining showed that after treatment with cyclic stress, the cell took the typical appearance of apoptosis with chromatin condensation and apoptotic bodies. RT-PCR and flow cytometry showed that with the extension of time the rate of the apoptosis of C2C12 myoblast cell increased. And cells imposed SB203580 before imposing cyclical tensile stress, the results showed that the apoptosis was markedly affected, and the p-p38MAPK expression declined apparently. These findings demonstrate that p38MAPK signaling pathways in stress mediated into C2C12 myoblast cell apoptosis plays an important role.